15,844 research outputs found
Schizophrenia in older adults
Although the number of persons over the age of 55 with schizophrenia is expected to double over the next 20 years, the research data on older people with schizophrenia is limited. This appears to be because until the middle of the 20th century, it was assumed that mental illness in older people was a part of the aging process and older people are often excluded from research investigations. There is a need for nursing research to explore how people with schizophrenia, as they age, learn to manage their problems, as well as how those who are first diagnosed with schizophrenia in later life adapt to their illness. Mental health nurses need to be cautious in assigning premature labels to older adults with mental illness that may lead to unsubstantiated assumptions about levels of disability. Instead, they should realize individual potential regarding undiscovered strengths and should attempt to create interventions that recognize and foster personal development for older adults with schizophrenia
Tuning terahertz transitions in a double-gated quantum ring
We theoretically investigate the optical functionality of a semiconducting
quantum ring manipulated by two electrostatic lateral gates used to induce a
double quantum well along the ring. The well parameters and corresponding
inter-level spacings, which lie in the THz range, are highly sensitive to the
gate voltages. Our analysis shows that selection rules for inter-level dipole
transitions, caused by linearly polarized excitations, depend on the
polarization angle with respect to the gates. In striking difference from the
conventional symmetric double well potential, the ring geometry permits
polarization-dependent transitions between the ground and second excited
states, allowing the use of this structure in a three-level lasing scheme.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
Computational complexity and memory usage for multi-frontal direct solvers in structured mesh finite elements
The multi-frontal direct solver is the state-of-the-art algorithm for the
direct solution of sparse linear systems. This paper provides computational
complexity and memory usage estimates for the application of the multi-frontal
direct solver algorithm on linear systems resulting from B-spline-based
isogeometric finite elements, where the mesh is a structured grid. Specifically
we provide the estimates for systems resulting from polynomial
B-spline spaces and compare them to those obtained using spaces.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure
The cost of continuity: performance of iterative solvers on isogeometric finite elements
In this paper we study how the use of a more continuous set of basis
functions affects the cost of solving systems of linear equations resulting
from a discretized Galerkin weak form. Specifically, we compare performance of
linear solvers when discretizing using B-splines, which span traditional
finite element spaces, and B-splines, which represent maximum
continuity. We provide theoretical estimates for the increase in cost of the
matrix-vector product as well as for the construction and application of
black-box preconditioners. We accompany these estimates with numerical results
and study their sensitivity to various grid parameters such as element size
and polynomial order of approximation . Finally, we present timing results
for a range of preconditioning options for the Laplace problem. We conclude
that the matrix-vector product operation is at most \slfrac{33p^2}{8} times
more expensive for the more continuous space, although for moderately low ,
this number is significantly reduced. Moreover, if static condensation is not
employed, this number further reduces to at most a value of 8, even for high
. Preconditioning options can be up to times more expensive to setup,
although this difference significantly decreases for some popular
preconditioners such as Incomplete LU factorization
Growth and population dynamics of crayfish Paranephrops planifrons in streams within native forest and pastoral land uses
Population dynamics of crayfish (Paranephrops planifrons White) in streams draining native forest and pastoral catchments, Waikato, New Zealand, were investigated from September 1996 to July 1998. Crayfish densities were generally greater in native forest streams because of high recruitment over summer, but varied greatly between streams in both land uses. Peak densities in summer were 9 crayfish m-2 in native forest and 6 crayfish m-2 in pasture streams, but peak biomass in summer was much greater in pasture streams. Mark-recapture data showed that crayfish, particularly juveniles, in pasture streams grew faster than in native forest streams, through both greater moult frequency and larger moult increments. Females reached reproductive size at c. 20 mm orbit-carapace length (OCL) after their first year in pasture streams, but after 2 years in native forest streams. Annual degree days >10°C appeared to explain the differences in the timing of life cycles. Estimates of annual crayfish production (range = 0.8-3.4 g dry weight m-2 year-1) were similar in both land uses, and P/B ratios were between 0.95 and 1.2. Despite deforestation and conversion to pasture, crayfish in these Waikato hill-country streams have maintained similar levels of annual production to those in native forest streams, although juvenile growth rates have increased and longevity has decreased
Antiphrastic Questions with ist and is in Late Egyptian
Questions with ist and is are analysed as closed antiphrastic questions, in which the proposition directly under question (P) is presented by the speaker as the closed option for elimination, being contrary to the speaker’s expectations, and a polar inverse inference option is invited (I) for the hearer to access the speaker’s intended point of view
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