Individual monitoring of immune responses in rainbow trout after cohabitation and intraperitoneal injection challenge with Yersinia ruckeri

Acknowledgements This work was funded by the National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs, grant G1100675). The authors are grateful to the aquarium staff at the University of Aberdeen (Karen Massie) and Dr David Smail at Marine Scotland for valuable discussion during the establishment of the experimental design.Peer reviewedPostprin

Effect of repeated exposure to AQUI-S® on the viability and growth of Neoparamoeba perurans

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Dual Mutation Events in the Haemagglutinin-Esterase and Fusion Protein from an Infectious Salmon Anaemia Virus HPR0 Genotype Promote Viral Fusion and Activation by an Ubiquitous Host Protease

Funding: The Scottish Government funded this work, as part of their global budget on aquaculture research. The funder had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Non-Lethal Sequential Individual Monitoring of Viremia in Relation to DNA Vaccination in Fish-Example Using a Salmon Alphavirus DNA Vaccine in Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar

International audienceTraditionally, commercial testing for vaccine efficacy has relied on the mass infection of vaccinated and unvaccinated animals and the comparison of mortality prevalence and incidence. For some infection models where disease does not cause mortality this approach to testing vaccine efficacy is not useful. Additionally, in fish experimental studies on vaccine efficacy and immune response the norm is that several individuals are lethally sampled at sequential timepoints, and results are extrapolated to represent the kinetics of immune and disease parameters of an individual fish over the entire experimental infection period. In the present study we developed a new approach to vaccine testing for viremic viruses in fish by following the same individuals over the course of a DNA vaccination and experimental infection through repeated blood collection and analyses. Injectable DNA vaccines are particularly efficient against viral disease in fish. To date, two DNA vaccines have been authorised for use in fish farming, one in Canada against Infectious Haemorrhagic Necrotic virus and more recently one in Europe against Salmon Pancreatic Disease virus (SPDv) subtype 3. In the current study we engineered and used an experimental DNA vaccine against SPDv subtype 1. We measured viremia using a reporter cell line system and demonstrated that the viremia phase was completely extinguished following DNA vaccination. Differences in viremia infection kinetics between fish in the placebo group could be related to subsequent antibody levels in the individual fish, with higher antibody levels at terminal sampling in fish showing earlier viremia peaks. The results indicate that sequential non-lethal sampling can highlight associations between infection traits and immune responses measured at asynchronous timepoints and, can provide biological explanations for variation in data. Similar to results observed for the SPDv subtype 3 DNA vaccine, the SPDv subtype 1 DNA vaccine also induced an interferon type 1 response after vaccination and provided high protection against SPDv under laboratory conditions when fish were challenged at 7 weeks post-vaccination

Phylogeny and expression of tetraspanin CD9 paralogues in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Open Access via the Elsevier Agreement Acknowledgements This work was funded by BBSRC project BB/R008973/1 and European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement 817923 (AQUA-FAANG).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Development of an Efficient Genome Editing Method by CRISPR/Cas9 in a Fish Cell Line

This project was carried out during CD’s BBSRC Eastbio PIPS placement at Marine Scotland. The authors are grateful to Dr Milena Monte (University of Aberdeen) for help with the FACS analysis. The authors wish to thank Dr Filippo Del Bene (Neuronal Circuit Development, Institut Curie) and Dr Wenbiao Chen (School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University) for the Addgene plasmids, #61051 and #47929, respectively, and Prof. Nancy C. Reich Marshall (Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brooks University) for the plasmid pmEGFP-N1.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Individual monitoring of immune response in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar following experimental infection with piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV), agent of cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS)

This work was funded by the National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs, grant G1100675). Øystein Evensen received funding from Research Council grant no. 267807, and Norwegian Seafood Research Fund grant no. 901179. The authors are grateful to the Marine Scotland aquarium staff (Ben Williamson, Louise Feehan and Mark Paterson) for help in the experimental work. Hendrix-Genetix (formerly Landcatch Natural Selection) is also acknowledged for providing PIT tagged fish for the purpose of this project.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Individual measurement of gene expression in blood cells from Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was funded by the National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement & Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs) [grant G1100675].Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Individual monitoring of immune response in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar following experimental infection with Infectious Salmon Anaemia Virus (ISAV)

This work was funded by the National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs, grant G1100675). The authors are grateful to the Marine Scotland aquarium staff (Ben Williamson, Louise Feehan and Mark Paterson) for help in the experimental work. Hendrix-Genetix (formerly Landcatch Natural Selection) is also acknowledged for providing PIT tagged fish for the purpose of this project.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

A highly prevalent filamentous algal endophyte in natural populations of the sugar kelp Saccharina latissima is not detected during cultivation in Northern Brittany

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