Faith\u27s Role in Patients\u27 Approaches to Healthcare Decisions

This is a literature review focusing on faith’s role in breaking down financial and cultural barriers to healthcare. Through our research and analysis, we have found that faith-based approaches to healthcare break down the barriers that deter people from seeking treatment. Although there are different types of barriers that communities face, they all prevent individuals from receiving the care they deserve. Through increased support from their faith community, individuals are more likely to seek out help without any reservation.https://ecommons.udayton.edu/roesch_symposium_content/1053/thumbnail.jp

Exploiting the Extended {\pi}-System of Perylene Bisimide for Label-free Single-Molecule Sensing

We demonstrate the potential of perylene bisimide (PBI) for label-free sensing of organic molecules by investigating the change in electronic properties of five symmetric and asymmetric PBI derivatives, which share a common backbone, but are functionalised with various bay-area substituents. Density functional theory was combined with a Greens function scattering approach to compute the electrical conductance of each molecule attached to two gold electrodes by pyridyl anchor groups. We studied the change in their conductance in response to the binding of three analytes, namely TNT, BEDT-TTF and TCNE, and found that the five different responses provided a unique fingerprint for the discriminating sensing of each analyte. This ability to sense and discriminate was a direct consequence of the extended {\pi} system of the PBI backbone, which strongly binds the analytes, combined with the different charge distribution of the five PBI derivatives, which leads to a unique electrical response to analyte binding.Comment: J. Mater. Chem. C, 201

Tuning the thermoelectric properties of metallo-porphyrins

We investigated the thermoelectric properties of metalloporphyrins connected by thiol anchor groups to gold electrodes. By varying the transition metal-centre over the family Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Fe, and Zn we are able to tune the molecular energy levels relative to the Fermi energy of the electrodes. The resulting single-molecule room-temperature thermopowers range from almost zero for Co and Cu centres, to +80 μV K−1 and +230 μV K−1 for Ni and Zn respectively. In contrast, the thermopowers with Mn(II) or Fe(II) metal centres are negative and lie in the range −280 to −260 μV K−1. Complexing these with a counter anion to form Fe(III) and Mn(III) changes both the sign and magnitude of their thermopowers to +218 and +95 respectively. The room-temperature power factors of Mn(II), Mn(III), Fe(III), Zn and Fe(II) porphyrins are predicted to be 5.9 × 10−5 W m−1 K−2, 5.4 × 10−4 W m−1 K−2, 9.5 × 10−4 W m−1 K−2, 1.6 × 10−4 W m−1 K−2 and 2.3 × 10−4 W m−1 K−2 respectively, which makes these attractive materials for molecular-scale thermoelectric devices

The normal ranges of cardiovascular parameters measured using the ultrasonic cardiac output monitor

The ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (USCOM) is a noninvasive transcutaneous continuous wave Doppler method for assessing hemodynamics. There are no published reference ranges for normal values in adults (aged 18– 60 years) for this device. This study aimed to (1) measure cardiovascular indices using USCOM in healthy adults aged 18–60 years; (2) combine these data with those for healthy children (aged 0–12), adolescents (aged 12–18), and the elderly (aged over 60) from our previously published studies in order to present normal ranges for all ages, and (3) establish normal ranges of USCOM-derived variables according to both weight and age. This was a population- based cross-sectional observational study of healthy Chinese subjects aged 0.5–89 years in Hong Kong. USCOM scans were performed on all subjects, to produce measurements including stroke volume, cardiac output, and systemic vascular resistance. Data from previously published studies (children, adolescents, and the elderly) were included. Normal ranges were defined as lying between the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. A total of 2218 subjects were studied (mean age = 16.4, range = 0.5–89; 52% male). From previous studies, 1197 children (aged 0–12, 55% male), 590 adolescents (aged 12–18, 49% male), and 77 elderly (aged 60–89, 55% male) were included. New data were collected from 354 adults aged 18–60 (47% male). Normal ranges are presented according to age and weight. We present comprehensive normal ranges for hemodynamic parameters obtained with USCOM in healthy subjects of all ages from infancy to the elderly

Mannheimia haemolytica serovars associated with respiratory disease in cattle in Great Britain

BACKGROUND: Mannheimia haemolytica is commonly associated with respiratory disease in cattle worldwide as a cause of fibrinous pneumonia, bronchopneumonia and pleuritis. M. haemolytica is further subdivided into 12 serovars, however not all are considered to be pathogenic in cattle. The study aim was to determine the most common serovars of M. haemolytica associated with respiratory disease in cattle in Great Britain, which is currently unknown and could be useful information for clinicians when considering preventative strategies. RESULTS: One hundred four M. haemolytica isolates isolated from bovine clinical pathology and post-mortem samples from pneumonia cases between 2016 and 2018 were tested using a multiplex PCR assay to identify M. haemolytica serovars A1, A2 and A6. 46 isolates (44.2%) typed as M. haemolytica serovar A1, 31 (29.8%) as M. haemolytica serovar A2 and 18 isolates (17.3%) as M. haemolytica serovar A6. Nine isolates (8.7%) were not A1, A2 or A6 so were considered to belong to other serovars or were not typable. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the importance of M. haemolytica serovars other than A1 which may be responsible for respiratory disease in cattle and could help guide the veterinarian when making choices on preventative vaccination programmes. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-021-03121-3

Thermoelectric Performance of various Benzo-difuran Wires

Using a first principles approach to electron transport, we calculate the electrical and thermoelectrical transport properties of a series of molecular wires containing benzo-difuran subunits. We demonstrate that the side groups introduce Fano resonances, the energy of which is changing with the electronegativity of selected atoms in it. We also study the relative effect of single, double or triple bonds along the molecular backbone and find that single bonds yield the highest thermopower, approximately 22$\mu$V/K at room temperature, which is comparable with the highest measured values for single-molecule thermopower reported to date.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figure

Influence of Acute Exercise on Postprandial Lipemia and Fat Oxidation in Active Cannabis Users

Adults residing in industrialized nations spend most of their day in a postprandial state. This can cause prolonged elevated levels of triglycerides and glucose post-meal, leading to increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disease. In epidemiological literature, cannabis users have been reported to have similar or lower levels of blood lipids compared to nonusers. However, postprandial responses and whether prior exercise improves postprandial lipemia (PPL) in this population is not known. PURPOSE: To examine the influence of prior exercise on PPL in active cannabis users. METHODS: This analysis presents preliminary data from a larger ongoing study comparing prior exercise and PPL in cannabis users and non-users. Seven active cannabis users (Age: 30 ± 7 years; BMI: 24.3 ± 3.4 kg/m2; VO2max: 47.5 ± 10.8 mL/kg/min) completed 1 hour of exercise at their ventilatory threshold (VT) the evening before a high-fat, high-sugar liquid meal containing 15 kcal/kg body mass. Substrate oxidation, blood pressure, and capillary blood samples were obtained before and every 30-60 minutes post-meal for 3 hours. Blood samples were analyzed for glucose and triglycerides. Repeated-measures ANOVAs were utilized to examine differences in variables between conditions, across time, and their interaction. Area-under-the-curve (AUC) for glucose and triglycerides were calculated by the trapezoidal rule. RESULTS: Participants exercised at an intensity of 96 ± 5% VT (73 ± 11% VO2max) and expended 790 ± 168 kcals with an average RER of 0.92 ± 0.03. Post meal (1141 ± 200 kcals), all variables had significant effects of time (p \u3c 0.05), but no significant effect of condition (Control vs. Exercise) or interaction (p \u3e 0.05). AUC for triglycerides (p = 0.057) and glucose (p = 0.243) were not significantly different between conditions. CONCLUSION: In the present analysis, exercise did not acutely affect cardiovascular or metabolic responses to a high-fat, high-sugar liquid meal. Larger sample sizes will facilitate better comparisons

Validity of a Novel Sensor for Noninvasive Measurement of Core Body Temperature in Humans during Exercise

The measurement of core body temperature during exercise can be useful for athletic performance and the prevention of heat-related illness. Non-invasive sensors have been developed for the measurement of core body temperature, but more data on their validity and reliability is needed before they can be recommended for widespread adoption. PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate a noninvasive core temperature sensor (TCore) during exercise compared to an ingestible thermistor (TPill). METHODS: Twenty men and women (25 ± 4 years) participated in this study. Participants completed 20 minutes of exercise at 60% age-predicted max heart rate, 20 minutes at 70%, and 20 minutes at 80% while wearing warm clothing. During exercise, heart rate, core temperature, RPE, and thermal comfort were collected every 5 minutes. Pre/post exercise changes in body mass and urine specific gravity were conducted to ensure stable fluid levels. Mean differences were compared via a paired t-test, core temperature during exercise using a time*device repeated measures ANOVA, and agreement assessed with Bland-Altman and correlation analysis. RESULTS: Participants lost -0.47 ± 0.42 % body mass during exercise. USG did not change in response to exercise (Pre: 1.009 ± 0.005 vs Post: 1.009 ± 0.006; p =0.93). Devices were well correlated (r = 0.90, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.74 – 0.97; p \u3c 0.0001). Mean core temperature during exercise was slightly but significantly lower as measured by the TCore compared to TPill (Mean difference = -0.3°C, 95% CI: -0.57 to -0.03; p = 0.028). Exercise created a main effect of time on core temperature (p \u3c 0.0001), with a significant interaction across time between devices (p \u3c 0.0001). Specifically, core temperature was lower for TCore from 15-55 minutes of exercise compared to TPill. Mean ± SD of bias was -0.3°C ± 0.16, with 95% limits of agreement of -0.61°C to 0.03°C. CONCLUSION: Results of the present investigation revealed that the CORE device tended to underestimate core body temperature during indoor exercise of increasing intensity. However, the margin of error was relatively small, and few participants exceeded 39°C. Future studies should conduct field validity tests of the CORE device and should also include measures of skin temperature to facilitate further comparisons