896 research outputs found
Impact Ionization in ZnS
The impact ionization rate and its orientation dependence in k space is
calculated for ZnS. The numerical results indicate a strong correlation to the
band structure. The use of a q-dependent screening function for the Coulomb
interaction between conduction and valence electrons is found to be essential.
A simple fit formula is presented for easy calculation of the energy dependent
transition rate.Comment: 9 pages LaTeX file, 3 EPS-figures (use psfig.sty), accepted for
publication in PRB as brief Report (LaTeX source replaces raw-postscript
file
A Probe of New Physics in Top Quark Pair Production at Colliders
We describe how to probe new physics through examination of the form factors
describing the Ztt couplings via the scattering process e^-e^+->t+tbar. We
focus on experimental methods on how the top quark momentum can be determined
and show how this can be applied to select polarized samples of
pairs through the angular correlations in the final state leptons. We also
study the dependence on the energy and luminosity of an \ee\ collider to probe
a CP violating asymmetry at the level.}Comment: 24 pages in TeXsis (figures available upon request) (revised July
1993
Gravitomagnetism in Quantum Mechanics
We give a systematic treatment of the quantum mechanics of a spin zero
particle in a combined electromagnetic field and a weak gravitational field,
which is produced by a slow moving matter source. The analysis is based on the
Klein-Gordon equation expressed in generally covariant form and coupled
minimally to the electromagnetic field. The Klein-Gordon equation is recast
into Schroedinger equation form (SEF), which we then analyze in the
non-relativistic limit. We include a discussion of some rather general
observable physical effects implied by the SEF, concentrating on
gravitomagnetism. Of particular interest is the interaction of the orbital
angular momentum of the particle with the gravitomagnetic field.Comment: 9 page
B-splines, PĂłlya curves, and duality
AbstractLocal duality between B-splines and PĂłlya curves is examined, mostly from the viewpoint of computer-aided geometric design. Certain known results for the two curve types are shown to be related. A few new results for PĂłlya curves and a curve scheme related to B-splines also follow from these investigations
Absence of lattice strain anomalies at the electronic topological transition in zinc at high pressure
High pressure structural distortions of the hexagonal close packed (hcp)
element zinc have been a subject of controversy. Earlier experimental results
and theory showed a large anomaly in lattice strain with compression in zinc at
about 10 GPa which was explained theoretically by a change in Fermi surface
topology. Later hydrostatic experiments showed no such anomaly, resulting in a
discrepancy between theory and experiment. We have computed the compression and
lattice strain of hcp zinc over a wide range of compressions using the
linearized augmented plane wave (LAPW) method paying special attention to
k-point convergence. We find that the behavior of the lattice strain is
strongly dependent on k-point sampling, and with large k-point sets the
previously computed anomaly in lattice parameters under compression disappears,
in agreement with recent experiments.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, Phys. Rev. B (in press
Thermal Equation of State of Tantalum
We have investigated the thermal equation of state of tantalum from first
principles using the Linearized Augmented Plane Wave (LAPW) and pseudopotential
methods for pressures up to 300 GPa and temperatures up to 10000 K. The
equation of state at zero temperature was computed using LAPW. For finite
temperatures, mixed basis pseudopotential computations were performed for 54
atom supercells. The vibrational contributions were obtained by computing the
partition function using the particle in a cell model, and the the finite
temperature electronic free energy was obtained from the LAPW band structures.
We discuss the behavior of thermal equation of state parameters such as the
Gr\"uneisen parameter , , the thermal expansivity , the
Anderson-Gr\"uneisen parameter as functions of pressure and
temperature. The calculated Hugoniot shows excellent agreement with shock-wave
experiments. An electronic topological transition was found at approximately
200 GPa
Ozone depletion events observed in the high latitude surface layer during the TOPSE aircraft program
During the Tropospheric Ozone Production about the Spring Equinox (TOPSE) aircraft program, ozone depletion events (ODEs) in the high latitude surface layer were investigated using lidar and in situ instruments. Flight legs of 100 km or longer distance were flown 32 times at 30 m altitude over a variety of regions north of 58° between early February and late May 2000. ODEs were found on each flight over the Arctic Ocean but their occurrence was rare at more southern latitudes. However, large area events with depletion to over 2 km altitude in one case were found as far south as Baffin Bay and Hudson Bay and as late as 22 May. There is good evidence that these more southern events did not form in situ but were the result of export of ozone-depleted air from the surface layer of the Arctic Ocean. Surprisingly, relatively intact transport of ODEs occurred over distances of 900â2000 km and in some cases over rough terrain. Accumulation of constituents in the frozen surface over the dark winter period cannot be a strong prerequisite of ozone depletion since latitudes south of the Arctic Ocean would also experience a long dark period. Some process unique to the Arctic Ocean surface or its coastal regions remains unidentified for the release of ozone-depleting halogens. There was no correspondence between coarse surface features such as solid ice/snow, open leads, or polynyas with the occurrence of or intensity of ozone depletion over the Arctic or subarctic regions. Depletion events also occurred in the absence of long-range transport of relatively fresh âpollutionâ within the high latitude surface layer, at least in spring 2000. Direct measurements of halogen radicals were not made. However, the flights do provide detailed information on the vertical structure of the surface layer and, during the constant 30 m altitude legs, measurements of a variety of constituents including hydroxyl and peroxy radicals. A summary of the behavior of these constituents is made. The measurements were consistent with a source of formaldehyde from the snow/ice surface. Median NOx in the surface layer was 15 pptv or less, suggesting that surface emissions were substantially converted to reservoir constituents by 30 m altitude and that ozone production rates were small (0.15â1.5 ppbv/d) at this altitude. Peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN) was by far the major constituent of NOy in the surface layer independent of the ozone mixing ratio
Factor Structure, Reliability and Criterion Validity of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ): A Study in Dutch Population and Patient Groups
The factor structure of the Dutch translation of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ; a continuous, quantitative measure of autistic traits) was evaluated with confirmatory factor analyses in a large general population and student sample. The criterion validity of the AQ was examined in three matched patient groups (autism spectrum conditions (ASC), social anxiety disorder, and obsessiveâcompulsive disorder). A two factor model, consisting of a âSocial interactionâ factor and âAttention to detailâ factor could be identified. The internal consistency and testâretest reliability of the AQ were satisfactory. High total AQ and factor scores were specific to ASC patients. Men scored higher than women and science students higher than non-science students. The Dutch translation of the AQ is a reliable instrument to assess autism spectrum conditions
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