In Vitro propagation of cineraria (Senecio cruentus DC.) by shoot tip culture

Cineraria (Senecio cruentus DC.) shoot tips were grown and multiplied in vitro on Murashige and Skoog medium (1962) and on the modified Murashige and Skoog medium (1974) containing lAA, kinetin, and organic supplements. Explants were isolated in culture from plants grown from seeds germinated in vitro. Germinated seeds produced cotyledons heavily covered with colored trichomes. The early detection of the intensity of flower color was predictable in accordance with color of trichomes on cotyledons. Formation of single or multiple shoots, plantlets, leafy callus and roots depended on the hormone levels and organic constituents used. Shoots cultured on a medium with a high kinetin to auxin ratio produced shoots; whereas, the addition of only an auxin to the medium produced roots and complete plants which could later be transferred to the greenhouse. The greatest number of shoots per excised shoot tip was obtained when the MS medium was supplemented with adenine sulfate and L-tyrosine, especially when added to the modified MS medium with half the recommended concentration of macroelements. The addition of casein hydrolysate in the MS medium caused shoot suppression and broad thick leaves. Exogenous auxin was not a critical additive to any multiplication media, since shoot tip explants developed plants without an lAA supplement. Shoots originated form axillary and adventitious buds. Root formation was best on the MS medium containing the supplement casein hydrolysate and half the recommended concentrations of macroelements. Adventitious root growth increased with increasing NAA concentrations in the medium. The addition of adenine sulfate and L-tyrosine to a modified MS medium caused a decrease in frequency of rooted plantlets. The shoots tended to form stubby to no roots with a large percent of callus on the modified MS medium. Rooted shoots grew into normal plants and subsequently flowered after a 23 week period from in vitro culture to greenhouse. Growth habits and bloom characteristics of plants originated in vitro or in a greenhouse were similar

Sound Data Collection and Transmission Noise Reduction

The WKU Engineering Department Senior Student Team, The Synchronizers, has been contracted to modify a MTD transmission’s sound characteristics. This project entails developing a sound data acquisition apparatus and method, developing a sound test stand which will fully load the transmission and load characteristics, and suggesting modes of sound modification. The Sound Data Acquisition method entails using a specialized microphone calibrated to operate on IOS devices to measure Sound Intensity. The sound intensity will be found over a collective area, in order to evaluate to the sound power generated. The sound test stand will consist of a system designed to drive the transmission, introduce friction and thereby torque, and a system that will measure the rpm of the axle, and the torque experienced by each axle. Potential modes of modifying sound characteristics include modifying current gear design, introducing shims, and introducing sound characteristic material. As the project has developed the end result has been shaped into a sound test bed and sound data acquisition system which shall be useable by MTD as they test alternative methods of sound modification

Policy making and energy infrastructure change: A Nigerian case study of energy governance in the electricity sector

This paper focusses on investigating the underlying mechanisms and influences of the policy decision making process and how it affects and impacts the governance of the Nigerian energy industry, and energy infrastructure provisions. In-depth semi-structured interviews were used; all interviewees had been involved, directly or indirectly, in energy infrastructure policy decisions in Nigeria. Five key themes subsequently emerged as salient intra-country induced influences that were affecting the governance and performance of the Nigerian energy sector: (1) competencies – i.e. practical knowledge of energy policy making; (2) expectations – i.e. past, present, and forecasted future expectations from the energy industry; (3) legislation – i.e. institutionalized (and unwritten) rules/procedures; (4) future visions – i.e. future vision of the energy industry/energy market; (5) recruiting experts – i.e. recruiting new energy and public policy makers. In addition, three major inter-country induced influences were also identified: (1) the changing dynamics of international and foreign aid; (2) the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals; and (3) the Paris Agreements on Climate Change. The paper concludes by highlighting the policy implications of these influences, and the consequences for policy makers in the governance of the energy industry in ensuring a secured energy future

Thoughts on the education of youth. By Richard Cockrel, [electronic resource] : teacher of the mathematics, at Newark, Upper Canada.

This work gives a view into the state of society in the new province as well as standards of education. --Tremaine.Tremaine,Fleming & Alston. Early Canadian Printing,Electronic reproduction.English Short Title Catalog,Reproduction of original from Library of Congress

Effects of Classroom Vocabulary and Text Reading Instruction on Student Literacy Growth in Grades 4 and 5

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2013In this study, we examine the relationship between classroom vocabulary and text reading instruction with student literacy gains. We assessed 473 fourth- and fifth-grade students from 24 classrooms across 16 schools in measures of word reading, vocabulary, and reading comprehension in the fall and spring, and each classroom was observed during their literacy block three times at approximately equidistant occasions. Data from these observations were averaged across time to establish average daily time each teacher spent on literacy block content areas. Multilevel model results suggest that time spent on vocabulary instruction has a positive effect on students' word reading and vocabulary gains. In addition, results imply that vocabulary instruction had a greater effect on students' word reading gains when students also received greater amounts of text reading instruction

CLABSI Prevention Methods

Infection and the risk thereof is one of the major concerns regarding patient outcomes in the health care facility. One of the interventions with the highest causes of infection is the use of central lines. These lines provide necessary venous access for medication administration but can cause infections called CLABSI or Central Line Acquired Bacterial Infection. The purpose of our article was to research CLABSI prevention methods and provide a new policy using these safe effective methods. These new methods include the use of stat locks for central line securement, using antimicrobial lines, and flushing/locking the central line with a vancomycin-heparin solution. These methods have been researched and studied using meta-analysis in order to validate their effectiveness

Children\u27s self-discrepancies and peer relationships

Children in grades 4 through 6 received an individual assessment of self-discrepancies modeled after the procedures of Higgins (1987) with adults. These self-discrepancies were compared to evaluations of peer relationships from all children in the classrooms: sociometric ratings, sociometric nominations, and peer nominations for social behaviors. In addition, Harter\u27s (1985) multidimensional assessment of self-competence was used. Actual/Ideal and Actual/Ought self-discrepancies were positively correlated as with adults, and related to very similar patterns of peer evaluations. Self-discrepancies as measured by Higgins, and self-competence as measured by Harter, were not correlated with each other, and produced significant interactions in their associations to peer assessments. Generally, children low in both self-discrepancy and self-competence received more peer nominations for negative, social isolation behaviors than other children. Results for more positive peer evaluations were influenced by sex of child. Females with low self-competence and males, regardless of level of self-competence, who expressed high self-discrepancies, received more sociometric and sociability/leadership nominations; this pattern was reversed for high self-competence females. It appeared that self-discrepancies and self-competence represent different aspects of children\u27s self-evaluations, with self-discrepancies having a very strong motivational component

Excretion of Monovalent Ions and Water in the Saliva of the Ferret

The excretion of water and the monovalent ions Na+, K+, Cl-, and HCO-3 in the parotid and submandibular saliva of the ferret was studied during pilocarpine-induced salivation. The excretory profiles of these ions were very similar to those of dog, monkey, and man. It was concluded that this docile small carnivore is a useful animal for studies of salivary gland physiology. </jats:p