Lo que la diabetes esconde

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been associated with various tumor processes. There are several risk factors for pancreatic cancer and it is estimated that 1% of those over 50 years of age, with a recent diagnosis of DM, will develop a pancreatic neoplasm that is usually advanced. Early diagnosis remains key in the prognosis and it may be cost-effective to perform an abdominal CT scan of early screening in adults newly diagnosed with DM. We present the case of a man with a recent diagnosis of DM and a finding of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas with a narrow temporal presentation between both entities.La diabetes mellitus (DM) se ha asociado a diferentes procesos tumorales. Existen diversos factores de riesgo de cáncer de páncreas y se estima que el 1% de los mayores de 50 años con diagnóstico reciente de DM desarrollará una neoplasia pancreática que habitualmente se encuentra en estadio avanzado. El diagnóstico precoz sigue siendo clave en el pronóstico y puede ser rentable la realización de TAC abdominal de cribado temprano en adultos recién diagnosticados de DM. Presentamos el caso de un varón con diagnóstico reciente de DM y hallazgo de adenocarcinoma de páncreas con una estrecha presentación temporal entre ambas entidades

Cuando comer se convierte en un problema

Diabetic gastroparesis is a complication characterized by the slowing of gastric emptying without mechanical obstruction that affects the morbidity and quality of life of patients. Between 5 and 12% of patients present symptoms suggestive of gastroparesis that are maintained over time. The pathogenic mechanisms are not yet clear but they involve nerve alterations at the level of enteric cells, interstitial cells of Cajal and the vagus nerve. Management must be multidisciplinary, including nutritional status, symptom control and the implementation of glycemic control and gastric emptying with new therapies such as electrostimulation.La  gastroparesia diabética es una complicación caracterizada por el enlentecimiento del vaciamiento gástrico sin obstrucción mecánica que afecta a la morbilidad y calidad de vida de los pacientes. Entre el 5-12% de los pacientes presentan síntomas sugestivos de gastroparesia que se mantienen en el tiempo. Los mecanismos patogénicos aún no están claros pero implican alteraciones nerviosas a nivel de células entéricas, células intersticiales de Cajal y el nervio vago. El manejo debe ser multidisciplinar, incluyendo el estado nutricional, el control de síntomas y la implementación del control glucémico y vaciado gástrico con nuevas terapias como la electroestimulación

Gender-Based Differences by Age Range in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Spanish Observational Cohort Study

There is some evidence that male gender could have a negative impact on the prognosis and severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The aim of the present study was to compare the characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between hospitalized men and women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. This multicenter, retrospective, observational study is based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry. We analyzed the differences between men and women for a wide variety of demographic, clinical, and treatment variables, and the sex distribution of the reported COVID-19 deaths, as well as intensive care unit (ICU) admission by age subgroups. This work analyzed 12,063 patients (56.8% men). The women in our study were older than the men, on average (67.9 vs. 65.7 years; p < 001). Bilateral condensation was more frequent among men than women (31.8% vs. 29.9%; p = 0.007). The men needed non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation more frequently (5.6% vs. 3.6%, p < 0.001, and 7.9% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.001, respectively). The most prevalent complication was acute respiratory distress syndrome, with severe cases in 19.9% of men (p < 0.001). In men, intensive care unit admission was more frequent (10% vs. 6.1%; p < 0.001) and the mortality rate was higher (23.1% vs. 18.9%; p < 0.001). Regarding mortality, the differences by gender were statistically significant in the age groups from 55 years to 89 years of age. A multivariate analysis showed that female sex was significantly and independently associated with a lower risk of mortality in our study. Male sex appears to be related to worse progress in COVID-19 patients and is an independent prognostic factor for mortality. In order to fully understand its prognostic impact, other factors associated with sex must be considered

Respiratory chain polymorphisms and obesity in the Spanish population, a cross-sectional study.

To study the association of genes involved in the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) pathway with body mass index (BMI) and obesity risk. This work studies three cross-sectional populations from Spain, representing three provinces: HORTEGA (Valladolid, Northwest/Centre), SEGOVIA (Segovia, Northwest/centre) and PIZARRA (Malaga,South). Forty-eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from MRC genes were selected and genotyped by SNPlex method. Association studies with BMI and obesity risk were performed for each population. These associations were then verified by analysis of the studied population as a whole (3731 samples). A total of 3731 Caucasian individuals: 1502 samples from HORTEGA, 988 from PIZARRA and 1241 from SEGOVIA. rs4600063 (SDHC), rs11205591 (NDUFS5) and rs10891319 (SDHD) SNPs were associated with BMI and obesity risk (p values for BMI were 0.04, 0.0011 and 0.0004, respectively, and for obesity risk, 0.0072, 0.039 and 0.0038). However, associations between rs4600063 and BMI and between these three SNPs and obesity risk are not significant if Bonferroni correction is considered. In addition, rs11205591 and rs10891319 polymorphisms showed an additive interaction with BMI and obesity risk. Several polymorphisms from genes coding MRC proteins may be involved in BMI variability and could be related to the risk to become obese in the Spanish general population