Dislexia e ensino-aprendizagem de língua portuguesa : um estudo de caso

Monografia (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, 2013.Esta pesquisa trata da dislexia e do ensino-aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa para disléxicos, com base em um estudo de caso com estudante disléxico da rede pública de ensino do Plano Piloto. Dentre as questões abordadas, estão as definições da dislexia, seus tipos e possíveis tratamentos, além da discussão do espaço que tal distúrbio de aprendizagem tem na educação, a sugestão de inclusão da dislexia na Educação Especial e, consequentemente, nas salas de recursos e a adequação da metodologia de ensino, baseada na exploração dos gêneros textuais e dos multiletramentos, dentro da perspectiva Sociointeracionista de Vygotsky e da proposta de professor libertador, de Paulo Freire

Analysis of the common genetic component of large-vessel vasculitides through a meta- Immunochip strategy

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) are major forms of large-vessel vasculitis (LVV) that share clinical features. To evaluate their genetic similarities, we analysed Immunochip genotyping data from 1,434 LVV patients and 3,814 unaffected controls. Genetic pleiotropy was also estimated. The HLA region harboured the main disease-specific associations. GCA was mostly associated with class II genes (HLA-DRB1/HLA-DQA1) whereas TAK was mostly associated with class I genes (HLA-B/MICA). Both the statistical significance and effect size of the HLA signals were considerably reduced in the cross-disease meta-analysis in comparison with the analysis of GCA and TAK separately. Consequently, no significant genetic correlation between these two diseases was observed when HLA variants were tested. Outside the HLA region, only one polymorphism located nearby the IL12B gene surpassed the study-wide significance threshold in the meta-analysis of the discovery datasets (rs755374, P?=?7.54E-07; ORGCA?=?1.19, ORTAK?=?1.50). This marker was confirmed as novel GCA risk factor using four additional cohorts (PGCA?=?5.52E-04, ORGCA?=?1.16). Taken together, our results provide evidence of strong genetic differences between GCA and TAK in the HLA. Outside this region, common susceptibility factors were suggested, especially within the IL12B locus

Evaluation of the relationship between TNF alpha, sTNFR1, sTNFR2, sIL2R,

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the relationship among TNF alpha, sTNFR1, sTNFR2, sIL2R, IL6, neopterin and disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis (AS).Materials and methods: TNF alpha, sTNFR1, sTNFR2, sIL2R, IL6 and neopterin were measured in patients and controls. Patients were grouped according to disease activity and medication.Results: Neopterin and sTNFR1 were not different while TNF alpha, sTNFR2, sIL2R and IL6 were high in patients than controls. There was no difference between active and inactive patients for TNF alpha, sIL2R and IL6. sTNFR2 was significantly lower in active patients. There was no relationship between CRP positivity and disease activity. AS patient groups are; 1: TNF blockers, 2: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 3: disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), 4: TNF blockers and NSAIDs, 5: DMARDs and NSAIDs. sTNFR2 was significantly lower in active patients than in inactive, in Group 1. ESR levels were significantly lower in inactive patients compared to active in group 3 and 4. There was no significant association between CRP positivity and disease activity.Conclusion: According to our study, CRP is insufficient in evaluating AS disease activity. ESR can be useful in evaluating the disease activity. sTNFR2 might be useful as a biological indicator of disease activity in AS treated with TNF inhibitors alone

Scleroderma

OBJECTIVE: To report the novel finding of a significant improvement in Raynaud's I phenomenon symptoms with clonazepam in a patient with systemic sclerosis

Effect of clonazepam on Raynaud's phenomenon and fingertip ulcers in scleroderma.

OBJECTIVE: To report the novel finding of a significant improvement in Raynaud's phenomenon symptoms with clonazepam in a patient with systemic sclerosis. CASE SUMMARY: A 45-year-old female with limited scleroderma and chronic renal failure was admitted to our hospital due to hyponatremia (sodium 103 mEq/L). Her hyponatremia was treated by intravenous infusion of NaCl 3%. Clonazepam, which had been prescribed previously for anxiety and insomnia, was discontinued. Three weeks after she was discharged from the hospital, the patient presented with the complaint of increased severity of Raynaud's phenomenon and digital ulcers. She told us that her fingertip ulcers had been healed while she was taking clonazepam and that episodes of Raynaud's phenomenon had increased after discontinuation of the drug. Clonazepam 1 mg twice daily was restarted, and Raynaud's phenomenon and fingertip ulcers resolved within a month. On 2 occasions after that time, we discontinued clonazepam and replaced it with alprazolam, as the patient believed alprazolam was more beneficial in alleviating anxiety. Episodes of Raynaud's phenomenon and new digital ulcers recurred on both of these occasions, and clonazepam was restarted. At the time of writing, no severe episodes of Raynaud's phenomenon or fingertip ulcers have occurred with clonazepam treatment. DISCUSSION: Raynaud's phenomenon and recurrent digital ulcers are a manifestation of vascular disease in patients with systemic sclerosis and lead to pain, impaired function, and tissue loss. Few drugs have previously been shown to affect digital ulcers in the setting of scleroderma. Our patient experienced a significant and sustained improvement in Raynaud's phenomenon and digital ulcers following the initiation of clonazepam. To our knowledge, as of March 2007, this is the first reported use of clonazepam in Raynaud's phenomenon and digital ulcer. While its therapeutic mechanism remains unclear, clonazepam may offer some advantages compared with current agents. CONCLUSIONS: We report a case of Raynaud's phenomenon and digital ulcers responding to clonazepam. Further research is warranted to test the robustness of this preliminary finding

study

Background/aim Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). The Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) is a simple, brief, and useful screening tool that was designed to assess DPN. The aim of this study was to develop a Turkish version of the MNSI and assess its reliability and validity. Materials and methods Eighty-three patients with DM who were divided into two groups according the results of nerve conduction studies (NCS) as having DPN or without DPN were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The Toronto clinical scoring system, pain detect questionnaire, and NCS were assessed along with the MNSI. Results Each section of the MNSI was internally consistent (Cronbach's alpha > 0.70), and the scores of both sections were positively correlated with total MNSI score (r = 0.938; r = 0.908, respectively, p = 3.0 in section A and a cut-off value >= 2.0 in section B were used, we obtained a sensitivity of 97.6% and 100%; a specificity of 63.4% and 97.6%; a positive predictive value of 72.7% and 97.6%; and a negative predictive value of 96.3% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion The Turkish version of MNSI is a reliable and valid tool for screening DPN in Turkish patients.C1 [Kaymaz, Serdar; Karasu, Ugur; Cobankara, Veli] Pamukkale Univ, Fac Med, Dept Rheumatol, TR-20070 Denizli, Turkey.[Alkan, Hakan] Pamukkale Univ, Fac Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Denizli, Turkey