The Flood Last Time: ‘Muck’ and the uses of history in Kara Walker’s ‘Rumination’ on Katrina

Kara Walker describes her book After the Deluge (2007) as “rumination” on Hurricane Katrina structured in the form of a “visual essay.” The book combines Walker's own artwork and the works of other artists into “a narrative of fluid symbols” in which the overarching analogy of “murky, toxic waters” holds the potential to “become the amniotic fluid of a potentially new and difficult birth.” This essay considers Walker's use of history within this collection of images to show how the book opens up ways to interrogate Katrina's particular significance as a wholly new, and yet eerily familiar, historical “event.” Nuancing a reading of Walker's book with reference to James Baldwin's The Fire Next Time (1963), to which After the Deluge implicitly alludes, the essay examines Walker's artistic challenge to the notion that history is a narratable account of a past that precedes the present and demonstrates how that challenge encourages us to think about the potential uses of history within civil rights discourse after Katrina

Survey of financial statement analysis courses in Europe and the United States

The paper reports the results of a survey of the content and learning materials used in courses in financial statement analysis in Europe and the United States. Courses in Europe and undergraduate courses in the US exhibit similar characteristics with respect to course content (heavy emphasis on basic tools of analysis). Graduate courses in the US place heavier emphasis on coverage of generally accepted accounting principles and on applications of basic analytical tools. Differences in course content appear related to where the financial statement analysis course lodges within the accounting curriculum.Accounting education; financial statement analysis; Europe; US; graduate; undergraduate

Copper chloride cathode for a secondary battery

Higher energy and power densities are achieved in a secondary battery based on molten sodium and a solid, ceramic separator such as a beta alumina and a molten catholyte such as sodium tetrachloroaluminate and a copper chloride cathode. The higher cell voltage of copper chloride provides higher energy densities and the higher power density results from increased conductivity resulting from formation of copper as discharge proceeds

Sodium bentonite in complete rations containing maltlage and the use of maltlage in complete rations for replacement heifers

Sixteen lactating Holstein cows were randomly assigned to one of two treatments to evaluate sodium bentonite as a milk fat test improver in complete rations containing Maltlage. Treatment I consisted of one part Maltlage and one part corn silage with 1 percent sodium bentonite. Daily dry matter intake (pounds), daily dry matter intake per hundred pounds body weight (pounds), daily milk production (pounds), daily 4 percent fat-corrected milk, and percent milk fat, for the two treatments were: I) 19.0, 1.8, 48.8, 37.9, 2.64; II) 20.3, 1.9, 50.0, 41.0, 2.95. Rumen pH and molar percent values of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the rumen were 6.3, 55.1, 28.9 and 10.3 for Treatment I and 6.3, 54.6, 26.9 and 12.4 for Treatment II. Blood serum levels of calcium, magnesium, sodium and phosphorus were 10.69, 2.77, 380.2 and 7.61 mg per 100 ml for Treatment I and 10.70, 2.71, 374.4 and 7.72 mg per 100 ml for Treatment II. Above differences for same variables due to treatment effect, all proved non-significant (P\u3c.05). Data suggests that addition of 1 percent sodium bentonite to complete rations containing a 1:1 ratio (as fed) of Maltlage and corn silage, will improve milk fat test in lactating cows. Thirty-six Holstein replacement calves were randomly assigned to one of two treatments at birth. Treatment I consisted of one part Maltlage and one part corn silage. Treatment II consisted of chopped mixed grass hay fed ad libitum plus Maltlage fed seperately at the following rates: Week 2-15 - 5.5# Maltlage per 100# body weight Week 16-20 - 5.0# Maltlage per 100# body weight Week 21-25 - 4.5# Maltlage per 100# body weight Week 26-30 - 4.0# Maltlage per 100# body weight. Calves were weaned at six weeks of age. Average dry matter intake (pounds), average dry matter intake per hundred pounds body weight (pounds), cumulative average daily gain (pounds), body weight (pounds), length (inches), wither height (inches) and heart girth (inches) for each treatment was: I) 4.7, 1.98, 0.92, 198, 28.0, 34.6, 39.1; II) 4.6, 1.99, 0.93, 197, 27.9, 34.6, 39.1. Differences in growth parameters of calves due to treatment effect were all non-significant (P\u3c.05). Data suggests that Holstein heifer calves can be raised successfully on a complete ration containing a 1:1 ratio (as fed) of Maltlage and corn silage or when fed Maltlage and chopped mixed grass hay ad libitum up to 20 weeks of age

Organic cathode for a secondary battery

A liquid catholyte for a battery based on liquid metal such as sodium anode and a solid, ceramic separator such as beta alumina (BASE) comprises a mixture of a Group I-III metal salt such as sodium tetrachloroaluminate and a minor amount of an organic carbonitrile depolarizer having at least one adjacent ethylenic band such as 1 to 40 percent by weight of tetracyanoethylene. The tetracyanoethylene forms an adduct with the molten metal salt

The Impact of Placing Adolescent Males into Foster Care on their Education, Income Assistance and Incarcerations

Understanding the causal impacts of taking youth on the margins of risk into foster care is an element of the evidence-base on which policy development for this crucial function of government relies. Yet, there is little research looking at these causal impacts; neither is there much empirical work looking at long-term outcomes. This paper focuses on estimating the impact of placing 16 to 18 year old male youth into care on their rates of high school graduation, and post-majority income assistance receipt and incarceration. Two distinct sources of exogenous variation are used to generate instrumental variables, the estimates from which are interpreted in a heterogeneous treatment effects framework as local average treatment effects (LATEs). And, indeed, each source of exogenous variation is observed to estimate different parameters. While both instruments are in accord in that placement in foster care reduces (or delays) high school graduation, the impact of taking youth into care on income assistance use has dramatically different magnitudes across the two margins explored, and, perhaps surprisingly, one source of exogenous variation causes an increase, and the other a decrease, in the likelihood of the youth being incarcerated by age 20. Our results suggest that it is not enough to ask whether more or fewer children should be taken into care; rather, which children are, and how they are, taken into care matter for long-term outcomes.foster care, local average treatment effects

G07-1523 Low Toxic Cockroach Control

This NebGuide describes how to identify common cockroach species, what they need to survive, and effective, low-toxic alternatives to traditional chemical control options

Guidelines for Minimizing Salinity Buildup in Groundwaters of Utah

In arid Utah practically all of the replenishable surface water supplies are nearly fully developed. At least some groundwater resources are being used in every basin. Groundwater use is expanding throughout the state and in some areas the draft is nearly equal to the sustained yield. Irrigated agriculture is the major water user. Multiple reuse of water is common in many areas, but as salinity increases with each cycle of usage, salinity also is usually the limiting factor for usefulness. Effective control of salinity buildup will permit more efficient and more extensive use of the state’s waters with potentially large benefits to irrigated agriculture. This report describes physical and chemical processes which contribute to salinity buildup and suggests methods that might be used to control it. Some areas are described where groundwater salinity is becoming a serious problem in the state. Hypothetical cases of salinity buildup are portrayed graphically to illustrate the relationship to time and the effects of the various processes. Emphasis is upon groundwater, but control of surface water salinity is also addressed as these resources are often inextricably interrelated