Thin film thermoelectric devices as thermal control coatings: A study

Peltier effect, Thomson effect, and Seeback effect are utilized in design of thermal control coating that serves as versatile means for controlling heat absorbed and radiated by surface. Coatings may be useful in extreme temperature environment enclosures or as heat shields

Acoustic analysis of aft noise reduction techniques measured on a subsonic tip speed 50.8 cm (twenty inch) diameter fan

Sound data which were obtained during tests of a 50.8 cm diameter, subsonic tip speed, low pressure ratio fan were analyzed. The test matrix was divided into two major investigations: (1) source noise reduction techniques; and (2) aft duct noise reduction with acoustic treatment. Source noise reduction techniques were investigated which include minimizing second harmonic noise by varying vane/blade ratio, variation in spacing, and lowering the Mach number through the vane row to lower fan broadband noise. Treatment in the aft duct which includes flow noise effects, faceplate porosity, rotor OGV treatment, slant cell treatment, and splitter simulation with variable depth on the outer wall and constant thickness treatment on the inner wall was investigated. Variable boundary conditions such as variation in treatment panel thickness and orientation, and mixed porosity combined with variable thickness were examined. Significant results are reported

Quiet engine program: Turbine noise suppression. Volume 2: Treatment selection, installation, and test results

For abstract, see N74-19400

Recent Developments in the Law of the Sea 1983-1984

This Synopsis examines major events occurring between December 1983 and December 1984 that affect the law of the sea. It discusses military uses of the world\u27s ocean space that impaired free and peaceful navigation of the world\u27s seas in 1984, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and related issues, marine environment pollution, marine mammals, Antarctica, and the St. Georges Bank controversy

Quiet Clean Short-Haul Experimental Engine (QCSEE): Acoustic treatment development and design

Acoustic treatment designs for the quiet clean short-haul experimental engines are defined. The procedures used in the development of each noise-source suppressor device are presented and discussed in detail. A complete description of all treatment concepts considered and the test facilities utilized in obtaining background data used in treatment development are also described. Additional supporting investigations that are complementary to the treatment development work are presented. The expected suppression results for each treatment configuration are given in terms of delta SPL versus frequency and in terms of delta PNdB

Quiet engine program: Turbine noise suppression. -Volume 1: General treatment evaluation and measurement techniques

Acoustic treatment was developed for jet engine turbine noise suppression. Acoustic impedance and duct transmission loss measurements were made for various suppression systems. An environmental compatibility study on several material types having suppression characteristics is presented. Two sets of engine hardware were designed and are described along with engine test results which include probe, farfield, near field, and acoustic directional array data. Comparisons of the expected and the measured suppression levels are given as well as a discussion of test results and design techniques

Statistical Properties of Height of Japanese Schoolchildren

We study height distributions of Japanese schoolchildren based on the statictical data which are obtained from the school health survey by the ministry of education, culture, sports, science and technology, Japan . From our analysis, it has been clarified that the distribution of height changes from the lognormal distribution to the normal distribution in the periods of puberty.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figures, submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.; resubmitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. after some revisio

Climate Change and International Deforestation: Legislative Analysis

Deforestation accounts for nearly 20% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions in the world. Deforestation results in carbon emissions when trees and underlying vegetation are burning or decomposing. Deforested areas that are later cultivated also release carbon to the atmosphere when soil carbon is oxidized. Further, deforested areas converted to other land uses (e.g., pastures) might sequester less carbon than forests, enabling greater levels of CO2 in the atmosphere. Providing incentives to prevent deforestation in foreign countries has been proposed in climate change legislation. An objective of this legislation is to provide funding from carbon markets to assist foreign countries in reducing deforestation and increasing forest restoration and afforestation. Challenges to this approach include implementing deforestation reduction activities in developing countries that may lack the capacity to monitor and enforce measures, avoiding harm to indigenous communities who rely on forest resources, and matching policies with the various drivers of deforestation in different regions around the world. Legislative policies on deforestation and climate change are analyzed in this report, and challenges for restoring forests in the tropics are discussed

A large conformational change of the translocation ATPase SecA

The ATPase SecA mediates the posttranslational translocation of a wide range of polypeptide substrates through the SecY channel in the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria. We have determined the crystal structure of a monomeric form of Bacillus subtilis SecA at a 2.2-Å resolution. A comparison with the previously determined structures of SecA reveals a nucleotide-independent, large conformational change that opens a deep groove similar to that in other proteins that interact with diverse polypeptides. We propose that the open form of SecA represents an activated state