6 research outputs found
Radiodermatitis prevention with sucralfate in breast cancer: fundamental and clinical studies.
ERMAInternational audienceBACKGROUND: Acute radiodermatitis induced by radiotherapy may affect the quality of life and in some cases requires withholding treatment. The present study concerns the protective effect of a 1% sucralfate lotion. We propose joint fundamental and clinical points of view. METHODS: The free radical scavenging capacity of sucralfate was measured with electron spin resonance and was supported by theoretical calculations. The clinical effects of sucralfate lotion were evaluated on 21 women treated for breast cancer. Breast skin response was evaluated at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 Gy, according to (1) the radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) acute toxicity scale and (2) spectrophotometry data obtained with X-Rite SP60. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Sucralfate appeared as a relatively poor free radical scavenger (compared to reference compounds such as vitamin E). The sucralfate-containing lotion used in the present study did not provide systematic radiodermatitis prevention. Spectrophotometric evaluation of the skin response to irradiation appeared to be a very effective and more sensitive technique than the RTOG scale. Its use should be recommended to study cutaneous radioprotective action
Considerations on the relative situation of France and the United States of America:
Mode of access: Internet
KLRC3 , a Natural Killer receptor gene, is a key factor involved in glioblastoma tumourigenesis and aggressiveness
International audienceGlioblastoma is the most lethal brain tumour with a poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSC) were proposed to be the most aggressive cells allowing brain tumour recurrence and aggressiveness. Current challenge is to determine CSC signature to characterize these cells and to develop new therapeutics. In a previous work, we achieved a screening of glycosylation-related genes to characterize specific genes involved in CSC maintenance. Three genes named CHI3L1, KLRC3 and PRUNE2 were found overexpressed in glioblastoma undifferentiated cells (related to CSC) compared to the differentiated ones. The comparison of their roles suggest that KLRC3 gene coding for NKG2E, a protein initially identified in NK cells, is more important than both two other genes in glioblastomas aggressiveness. Indeed, KLRC3 silencing decreased self-renewal capacity, invasion, proliferation, radioresistance and tumourigenicity of U87-MG glioblastoma cell line. For the first time we report that KLRC3 gene expression is linked to glioblastoma aggressiveness and could be a new potential therapeutic target to attenuate glioblastoma
Randomized Trial Comparing Six Versus Three Cycles of Epirubicin-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Premenopausal, Node-Positive Breast Cancer Patients: 10-Year Follow-Up Results of the French Adjuvant Study Group 01 Trial
Fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer: long-term results of the EORTC 22921 randomised study
International audienceBACKGROUND:EORTC trial 22921 examined the addition of preoperative or postoperative chemotherapy to preoperative radiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer. After a median follow-up of 5 years, chemotherapy-irrespective of timing-significantly improved local control. Adjuvant chemotherapy did not improve survival, but the Kaplan-Meier curves diverged, suggesting possible delayed benefit. Here, we report the updated long-term results.METHODS:We randomly assigned patients with clinical stage T3 or T4 resectable rectal cancer to receive preoperative radiotherapy with or without concomitant chemotherapy before surgery followed by either adjuvant chemotherapy or surveillance. Randomisation was done using minimisation with factors of institution, sex, T stage, and distance from the tumour to the anal verge. Study coordinators, clinicians, and patients were aware of assignment. Radiotherapy consisted of 45 Gy to the posterior pelvis in 25 fractions of 1路8 Gy over 5 weeks. Each course of chemotherapy consisted of fluorouracil (350 mg/m(2) per day intravenous bolus) and folinic acid (leucovorin; 20 mg/m(2) per day intravenous bolus). For preoperative chemotherapy, two courses were given (during weeks 1 and 5 of radiotherapy). Adjuvant chemotherapy was given in four cycles, every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was overall survival. This analysis was done by intention to treat. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00002523.FINDINGS:1011 patients were randomly assigned to treatment between April, 1993, and March, 2003 (252 to preoperative radiotherapy and 253 to each of the other three groups). After a median follow-up of 10路4 years (IQR 7路8-13路1), 10-year overall survival was 49路4% (95% CI 44路6-54路1) for the preoperative radiotherapy group and 50路7% (45路9-55路2) for the preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy group (HR 0路99, 95% CI 0路83-1路18; p=0路91). 10-year overall survival was 51路8% (95% CI 47路0-56路4) for the adjuvant chemotherapy group and 48路4% (43路6-53路0) for the surveillance group (HR 0路91, 95% CI 0路77-1路09, p=0路32). 10-year disease-free survival was 44路2% (95% CI 39路5-48路8) for the preoperative radiotherapy group and 46路4% (41路7-50路9) for the preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy group (HR 0路93, 95% CI 0路79-1路10; p=0路38). 10-year disease-free survival was 47路0% (95% CI 42路2-51路6) for the adjuvant chemotherapy group and 43路7% (39路1-48路2) for the surveillance group (HR 0路91, 95% CI 0路77-1路08, p=0路29). At 10 years, cumulative incidence of local relapse was 22路4% (95% CI 17路1-27路6) with radiotherapy alone, 11路8% (7路8-15路8) with neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy, 14路5% (10路1-18路9) with radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy and 11路7% (7路7-15路6) with both adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p=0路0017). There was no difference in cumulative incidence of distant metastases (p=0路52). The frequency of long-term side-effects did not differ between the four groups (p=0路22).INTERPRETATION:Adjuvant fluorouracil-based chemotherapy after preoperative radiotherapy (with or without chemotherapy) does not affect disease-free survival or overall survival. Our trial does not support the current practice of adjuvant chemotherapy after preoperative radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. New treatment strategies incorporating neoadjuvant chemotherapy are required