1,828 research outputs found
Quantales of open groupoids
It is well known that inverse semigroups are closely related to \'etale
groupoids. In particular, it has recently been shown that there is a
(non-functorial) equivalence between localic \'etale groupoids, on one hand,
and complete and infinitely distributive inverse semigroups (abstract complete
pseudogroups), on the other. This correspondence is mediated by a class of
quantales, known as inverse quantal frames, that are obtained from the inverse
semigroups by a simple join completion that yields an equivalence of
categories. Hence, we can regard abstract complete pseudogroups as being
essentially ``the same'' as inverse quantal frames, and in this paper we
exploit this fact in order to find a suitable replacement for inverse
semigroups in the context of open groupoids that are not necessarily \'etale.
The interest of such a generalization lies in the importance and ubiquity of
open groupoids in areas such as operator algebras, differential geometry and
topos theory, and we achieve it by means of a class of quantales, called open
quantal frames, which generalize inverse quantal frames and whose properties we
study in detail. The resulting correspondence between quantales and open
groupoids is not a straightforward generalization of the previous results
concerning \'etale groupoids, and it depends heavily on the existence of
inverse semigroups of local bisections of the quantales involved.Comment: 55 page
Uncertainty Quantification for Airfoil Icing using Polynomial Chaos Expansions
The formation and accretion of ice on the leading edge of a wing can be
detrimental to airplane performance. Complicating this reality is the fact that
even a small amount of uncertainty in the shape of the accreted ice may result
in a large amount of uncertainty in aerodynamic performance metrics (e.g.,
stall angle of attack). The main focus of this work concerns using the
techniques of Polynomial Chaos Expansions (PCE) to quantify icing uncertainty
much more quickly than traditional methods (e.g., Monte Carlo). First, we
present a brief survey of the literature concerning the physics of wing icing,
with the intention of giving a certain amount of intuition for the physical
process. Next, we give a brief overview of the background theory of PCE.
Finally, we compare the results of Monte Carlo simulations to PCE-based
uncertainty quantification for several different airfoil icing scenarios. The
results are in good agreement and confirm that PCE methods are much more
efficient for the canonical airfoil icing uncertainty quantification problem
than Monte Carlo methods.Comment: Submitted and under review for the AIAA Journal of Aircraft and 2015
AIAA Conferenc
State-space model identification and feedback control of unsteady aerodynamic forces
Unsteady aerodynamic models are necessary to accurately simulate forces and
develop feedback controllers for wings in agile motion; however, these models
are often high dimensional or incompatible with modern control techniques.
Recently, reduced-order unsteady aerodynamic models have been developed for a
pitching and plunging airfoil by linearizing the discretized Navier-Stokes
equation with lift-force output. In this work, we extend these reduced-order
models to include multiple inputs (pitch, plunge, and surge) and explicit
parameterization by the pitch-axis location, inspired by Theodorsen's model.
Next, we investigate the na\"{\i}ve application of system identification
techniques to input--output data and the resulting pitfalls, such as unstable
or inaccurate models. Finally, robust feedback controllers are constructed
based on these low-dimensional state-space models for simulations of a rigid
flat plate at Reynolds number 100. Various controllers are implemented for
models linearized at base angles of attack , and . The resulting control laws are
able to track an aggressive reference lift trajectory while attenuating sensor
noise and compensating for strong nonlinearities.Comment: 20 pages, 13 figure
Augmentation of Water Resources Through Pollution Abatement
Author Institution: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Robert A. Taft Sanitary Engineering Center, Cincinnati, Ohi
The influence of grazing on surface climatological variables of tallgrass prairie
Mass and energy exchange between most grassland canopies and the atmosphere are mediated by grazing activities. Ambient temperatures can be increased or decreased by grazers. Data have been assembled from simulated grazing experiments on Konza Prairie Research Natural Area and observations on adjacent pastures grazed by cattle show significant changes in primary production, nutrient content, and bidirectional reflectance characteristics as a function of grazing intensity. The purpose of this research was to provide algorithms that would allow incorporation of grazing effects into models of energy budgets using remote sensing procedures. The approach involved: (1) linking empirical measurements of plant biomass and grazing intensities to remotely sensed canopy reflectance, and (2) using a higher resolution, mechanistic grazing model to derive plant ecophysiological parameters that influence reflectance and other surface climatological variables
Affirmative Action: Problems and Perspectives
If I sound a little bit incoherent it is because I have only been in California for ten hours in the last three weeks, and that was just to change clothes and change bags and hug my little six-year-old tight and spend some time with my wife. I got back in last Tuesday night from a trip to the East Coast by way of Salt Lake City and got up at 2:00 a.m. to be at a local television show to be able to be on the CBS Morning News. My options were slim-either go to New York and do it or stay in California and do it. Whichever one you take, you have to get up early in the morning so those of you on the East Coast can see what goes on at 7:00 a.m. live. Getting up for five or seven minutes of television is not the most profitable thing in the world. I got back on a plane yesterday afternoon and got to New York this morning at 2:00. I was up at 7:00 and am here now. So ifyou will pardon me, I will do the best that I possibly can under the circumstances.
The reason I am tired, as you know, is that tomorrow morning the Civil Rights Commission will consider a staff recommendation with respect to the Minority Set-Aside Program in the federal government-those three programs that are ongoing. There is a lot of attention on that. I just want to say to you that the commission\u27s concerns are not to put people out of business. The commission\u27s concerns for the most part-the majority of the commission\u27s, I think-are that, if there are going to be small business programs, they should be available to all Americans and not be based on ethnicity or gender and that, if there are going to be remedies for discrimination, they should be given to those who are victims of discrimination; and people should understand that there can be beneficiaries and victims on both sides of the ledger. It is a kind of affirmative action program
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