Air pollution in a street canyon estimated considering different parameterisations of vehicle-induced turbulence

Leeward air pollutant concentrations (C) are estimated by incorporating four parameterisations of traffic-produced turbulence (TPT) into the scaling of C inside a street canyon. Three parameterisations consider expressions previously introduced by other authors, based on a theoretical formulation of TPT and a semi-empirical approach already incorporated in an operational street model. The fourth scheme introduces an empirical expression of TPT derived from four full-scale street canyon datasets. Hourly NOx concentrations are calculated for an asymmetric street canyon in Buenos Aires, using meteorological observations at local airport and modelled background concentrations. Statistical indicators show that the performance of the four schemes is satisfactory.Fil: Mazzeo, Nicolas Antonio. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Avellaneda. Departamento de Ingeniería Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Venegas, Laura Esperanza. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Avellaneda. Departamento de Ingeniería Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Dezzutti, Mariana Clara. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Avellaneda. Departamento de Ingeniería Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

An analysis for new institutionality in science, technology and innovation in Colombia using a structural vector autoregression model

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to analyze the strengths and the institutionality of the Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation (MSTI) in increasing investments in research and development as well as promoting the generation of knowledge. Design/Methodology/Approach: We use structural vector autoregression (SVAR) and structural vector error correction (SVEC) to examine the effects of institutionality in science, technology and innovation in the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MSTI) using three variables (i.e., investments in activities of science, technology and innovation (STIA), investments in research and development (R&D) and independence index). Findings: The results indicate that increasing the independence and transparency of the MSTI leads to higher investments in STIA and R&D over time. SVAR and SVEC models were used to assess the robustness and reliability of the results. Practical Implications: The results are important for assessing the effective governance and functionality of the new MSTI and its mission to adopt new policies and instruments that may strengthen science, technology and innovation in Colombia as the country migrates to a knowledge-based society. Originality/Value: In this context, Colombia opted to implement this model; using law 1951 of 2019, the country created this ministry. It is important to analyse the implications and key elements that allow the ministry to operate and achieve better investments to promote research, innovation, and the application of new technologies.peer-reviewe

Regional métier definition: A comparative investigation of statistical methods using a workflow applied to the international otter trawl fisheries in the North Sea

The European Common Fisheries Policy recognizes the importance of accounting for heterogeneity in fishing practices, and metier-based sampling is now at the core of the EU Data Collection Framework. The implementation of such an approach would require Member States to agree on the standard regional metier definitions and on practical rules to categorize logbook records into metiers. Several alternative approaches have been used in the past to categorize landings profiles, but no consensus has yet emerged. A generic open-source workflow is developed to test and compare a selection of methods, including principal components analysis (PCA), hierarchical agglomerative clustering (HAC), K-means, and Clustering LARge Applications (CLARA), and to provide simple allocation rules. This workflow is applied to a unique regional dataset consisting of bottom-trawl logbooks of five North Sea countries. No method proved to be infallible, but combining PCA with either CLARA or HAC performed best. For 2008, a hierarchical classification with 14 species assemblages is proposed. Discriminant analysis proved more robust than simple ordination methods for allocating a new logbook record into an existing metier. The whole approach is directly operational and could contribute to defining more objective and consistent metiers across European fisheries

La captación de colesterol por Tetrahymena thermophila se realiza principalmente por fagocitosis

The free-living ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila is a unicellular model organism in which landmark biological processes have been discovered, such as the first description of telomerase activity and the molecular structure of telomeres, the mechanism of self-splicing RNA and ribozymes, the function of histone acetylation in transcription regulation and a number of pioneer experiments on the interference (RNAi) mechanism for programmed genome rearrangements, among others...Fil: Elguero, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Sánchez Granel, María Luz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Montes, María Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Cid, Nicolás Gonzalo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Favale, Nicolas Octavio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Nudel, Berta Clara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Nusblat, Alejandro David. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología; Argentin

Une espèce nouvelle de Sicyopterus (Gobiidae) d’Indonésie.

International audienceA new species of Sicyopterus, freshwater goby, is described from Sumatra and Java, Indonesia. It differs from other species belonging to the genus by a combination of characters including two lateral clefts on the crenulated upper lip, a second dorsal fin with one spine and 10 segmented rays, second and third rays of the first dorsal fin filamentous, more lateral, predorsal and transverse back scales, and a reddish caudal fin in male with a slight blue line on the upper and lower parts.Une espèce nouvelle de Sicyopterus, gobie dulçaquicole, est décrite sur la base de spécimens collectés à Sumatra et Java (Indonésie). Elle diffère des autres espèces du genre par plusieurs caractères incluant deux encoches latérales sur la lèvre supérieure crénelée, une seconde nageoire dorsale avec un rayon épineux et 10 rayons mous, les deuxième et troisième rayons de la première dorsale filamenteux, un plus grand nombre d’écailles en ligne longitudinale, en série prédorsale et transverse postérieure, ainsi qu’une nageoire caudale rouge bordée d’une ligne bleue chez le mâle

Stress, alcohol and infection during early development: a brief review of common outcomes and mechanisms.

Although stress is an adaptive physiological response to deal with adverse conditions, its occurrence during the early stages of life, such as infancy or adolescence, can induce adaptations in multiple physiological systems, including the reproductive axis, the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis, the limbic cortex and the immune system. These early changes have consequences in adult life, as seen in the physiological and behavioural responses to stress. This review highlights the impact of several stress challenges incurred at various stages of development (perinatal, juvenile, adolescent periods) and how the developmental timing of early‐life stress confers unique physiological adaptations that may persist across the lifespan. In doing so, we emphasise how intrinsic sex differences in the stress response might contribute to sex‐specific vulnerabilities, the molecular processes underlying stress in the adult, and potential therapeutic interventions to mitigate the effects of early stage stress, including the novel molecular mechanism of SUMOylation as a possible key target of HPA regulation during early‐life stress.Fil: Surkin, Pablo Nicolas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Breanhouse H. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Deak T. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Liberman AC. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires - Instituto Partner de la Sociedad Max Planck; ArgentinaFil: Lasaga, Mercedes Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentin