185 research outputs found
Electronic structure of GaAs1-xNx alloy by soft-X-ray absorption and emission: Origin of the reduced optical efficiency
The local electronic structure of N atoms in a diluted GaAs1-xNx (x=3%)
alloy, in view of applications in optoelectronics, is determined for the first
time using soft-X-ray absorption (SXA) and emission (SXE). Deviations from
crystalline GaN, in particular in the conduction band, are dramatic. Employing
the orbital character and elemental specificity of the SXE/SXA spectroscopies,
we identify a charge transfer from the N atoms at the valence band maximum,
reducing the overlap with the wavefunction in conduction band minimum, as the
main factor limiting the optical efficiency of GaAs1-xNx alloys. Moreover, a
k-conserving process of resonant inelastic x-ray scattering involving the L1
derived valence and conduction states is discovered.Comment: 3 pages, physica status solidi (Rapid Research Notes), in pres
Polaron physics and crossover transition in magnetite probed by pressure-dependent infrared spectroscopy
The optical properties of magnetite at room temperature were studied by
infrared reflectivity measurements as a function of pressure up to 8 GPa. The
optical conductivity spectrum consists of a Drude term, two sharp phonon modes,
a far-infrared band at around 600 cm, and a pronounced mid-infrared
absorption band. With increasing pressure both absorption bands shift to lower
frequencies and the phonon modes harden in a linear fashion. Based on the shape
of the MIR band, the temperature dependence of the dc transport data, and the
occurrence of the far-infrared band in the optical conductivity spectrum the
polaronic coupling strength in magnetite at room temperature should be
classified as intermediate. For the lower-energy phonon mode an abrupt increase
of the linear pressure coefficient occurs at around 6 GPa, which could be
attributed to minor alterations of the charge distribution among the different
Fe sites.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure
Surface characterization and surface electronic structure of organic quasi-one-dimensional charge transfer salts
We have thoroughly characterized the surfaces of the organic charge-transfer
salts TTF-TCNQ and (TMTSF)2PF6 which are generally acknowledged as prototypical
examples of one-dimensional conductors. In particular x-ray induced
photoemission spectroscopy turns out to be a valuable non-destructive
diagnostic tool. We show that the observation of generic one-dimensional
signatures in photoemission spectra of the valence band close to the Fermi
level can be strongly affected by surface effects. Especially, great care must
be exercised taking evidence for an unusual one-dimensional many-body state
exclusively from the observation of a pseudogap.Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures, v2: minor changes in text and figure labellin
Unoccupied Band Structure of NbSe2 by Very-Low-Energy Electron Diffraction: Experiment and Theory
A combined experimental and theoretical study of very-low-energy electron
diffraction at the (0001) surface of 2H-NbSe2 is presented. Electron
transmission spectra have been measured for energies up to 50 eV above the
Fermi level with k|| varying along the GammaK line of the Brillouin zone. Ab
initio calculations of the spectra have been performed with the extended linear
augmented plane wave k-p method. The experimental spectra are interpreted in
terms of three-dimensional one-electron band structure. Special attention is
paid to the quasi-particle lifetimes: by comparing the broadening of the
spectral structures in the experimental and calculated spectra the energy
dependence of the optical potential Vi is determined. A sharp increase of Vi at
20 eV is detected, which is associated with a plasmon peak in the
Im(-1/epsilon) function. Furthermore, the electron energy loss spectrum and the
reflectivity of NbSe2 are calculated ab initio and compared with optical
experiments. The obtained information on the dispersions and lifetimes of the
unoccupied states is important for photoemission studies of the 3D band
structure of the valence band.Comment: 17 pages, 11 Postscript figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Stoichiometry and absolute atomic concentration profiles obtained by combined Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and secondary-ion mass spectroscopy: InAs nanocrystals in Si
Abstract Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) and secondary-ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) were combined to achieve depth profiling calibrated in absolute atomic concentrations. This method was applied to InAs nanocrystals, grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), buried in a Si matrix. By means of RBS, with its capability of accessing the buried layers, we determined the depth-integrated areal densities of As and In. These were used to calibrate the SIMS profiles with their high depth resolution and dynamic range in absolute atomic concentrations. This allowed us to identify, besides a well confined layer of stoichiometric InAs nanocrystals, significant diffusion of In and As into the Si matrix in despite of their larger atomic radii, and an excess of As due to its non-reactive deposition on Si from the excess As 4 flux during the MBE growth. On the basis of these findings, we suggest measures to optimize the MBE process for InAs/Si and similar systems
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Two-dimensional ferromagnetic extension of a topological insulator
Inducing a magnetic gap at the Dirac point of the topological surface state (TSS) in a three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator (TI) is a route to dissipationless charge and spin currents. Ideally, magnetic order is present only at the surface, as through proximity of a ferromagnetic (FM) layer. However, experimental evidence of such a proximity-induced Dirac mass gap is missing, likely due to an insufficient overlap of TSS and the FM subsystem. Here, we take a different approach, namely ferromagnetic extension (FME), using a thin film of the 3D TI Bi2Te3, interfaced with a monolayer of the lattice-matched van der Waals ferromagnet MnBi2Te4. Robust 2D ferromagnetism with out-of-plane anisotropy and a critical temperature of Tc≈15 K is demonstrated by x-ray magnetic dichroism and electrical transport measurements. Using angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, we observe the opening of a sizable magnetic gap in the 2D FM phase, while the surface remains gapless in the paramagnetic phase above Tc. Ferromagnetic extension paves the way to explore the interplay of strictly 2D magnetism and topological surface states, providing perspectives for realizing robust quantum anomalous Hall and chiral Majorana states
Two-dimensional ferromagnetic extension of a topological insulator
Inducing a magnetic gap at the Dirac point of the topological surface state
(TSS) in a 3D topological insulator (TI) is a route to dissipationless charge
and spin currents. Ideally, magnetic order is present only at the surface and
not in the bulk, e.g. through proximity of a ferromagnetic (FM) layer. However,
such a proximity-induced Dirac mass gap has not been observed, likely due to
insufficient overlap of TSS and the FM subsystem. Here, we take a different
approach, namely FM extension, using a thin film of the 3D TI BiTe,
interfaced with a monolayer of the lattice-matched van der Waals ferromagnet
MnBiTe. Robust 2D ferromagnetism with out-of-plane anisotropy and a
critical temperature of ~15 K is demonstrated by
X-ray magnetic dichroism and electrical transport measurements. Using
angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, we observe the opening of a sizable
magnetic gap in the 2D FM phase, while the surface remains gapless in the
paramagnetic phase above T. This sizable gap indicates a relocation of the
TSS to the FM ordered Mn moments near the surface, which leads to a large
mutual overlap.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Extraction of the Electron Self-Energy from Angle Resolved Photoemission Data: Application to Bi2212
The self-energy , the fundamental function which
describes the effects of many-body interactions on an electron in a solid, is
usually difficult to obtain directly from experimental data. In this paper, we
show that by making certain reasonable assumptions, the self-energy can be
directly determined from angle resolved photoemission data. We demonstrate this
method on data for the high temperature superconductor
(Bi2212) in the normal, superconducting, and pseudogap phases.Comment: expanded version (6 pages), to be published, Phys Rev B (1 Sept 99
Charge transport through single molecules, quantum dots, and quantum wires
We review recent progresses in the theoretical description of correlation and
quantum fluctuation phenomena in charge transport through single molecules,
quantum dots, and quantum wires. A variety of physical phenomena is addressed,
relating to co-tunneling, pair-tunneling, adiabatic quantum pumping, charge and
spin fluctuations, and inhomogeneous Luttinger liquids. We review theoretical
many-body methods to treat correlation effects, quantum fluctuations,
nonequilibrium physics, and the time evolution into the stationary state of
complex nanoelectronic systems.Comment: 48 pages, 14 figures, Topical Review for Nanotechnolog
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