Coordination polymers : trapping of radionuclides and chemistry of tetravalent actinides (Th, U) carboxylates

L’utilisation de l’énergie nucléaire pose la question de la prise en compte des radionucléides avec l’environnement. Actuellement, leur mitigation est un enjeu majeur de la chimie associée au domaine du nucléaire. Ce travail de thèse a suivi deux axes de recherche : le piégeage des radionucléides par une famille de solides poreux Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF) et la cristallochimie des carboxylates d’actinides tétravalents. La maitrise de cette dernière pourrait permettre de faciliter l’étude de la spéciation des actinides dans l’environnement. Un intérêt particulier a été porté sur la capture de l’iode dans des MOF à base d’aluminium, avec la mise en évidence de fonctionnalités (donneur d’électron) qui favorise son piégeage. Les capacités d’encapsulation d’actinides légers (Th et U) dans les MOF et leur stabilité sous irradiation γ ont également été investigués. Parallèlement, plus de vingt nouveaux carboxylates d’actinides tétravalents (U et Th) ont été caractérisés par DRX sur monocristal. Certains d’entre eux, préparés par hydrolyse contrôlée en condition solvothermale, sont construits à partir d’assemblages polynucléaires ([U4], [Th6], [U6] et [U38]). Afin de comprendre la formation de ces assemblages, l’étude ex-situ (DRX, EXAFS, RMN, SEM) de la synthèse du composé {U38} a été menée.The use of nuclear energy obviously raises the question of the presence of radionuclides in the environment. Currently, their mitigation is a major issue associated with nuclear chemistry. This thesis focuses on both the trapping of radionuclides by porous solids called Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF) and the crystal chemistry of the carboxylate of tetravalent actinides (AnIV). The academic knowledge of the reactivity of carboxylate of AnIV could help the understanding of actinides speciation in environment. We focused on the sequestration of iodine by aluminum based MOF. The functionalization (electron-donor group) of the MOF drastically enhances the iodine capture capacity. The removal of light actinides (Th and U) from aqueous solution was also investigated as well as the stability of (Al)-MOF under γ radiation. More than twenty coordination polymers based on tetravalent actinides have been synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The use of controlled hydrolysis promotes the formation of coordination polymers exhibiting polynuclear cluster ([U4], [Th6], [U6] and [U38]). In order to understand the formation of the largest cluster, the ex-situ study of the solvothermale synthesis of compound {U38} has also been investigated

Cyclodextrins as Supramolecular Complexing Agents for Elusive Inorganic Molecular Building Blocks

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Thorium Oxo‐Clusters as Building Blocks for Open Frameworks

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Host-Guest Self-Assembly Between Cyclodextrins and Keggin-Type Polyoxometalates: Driving Forces and Prospects for Future Applications

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Cyclodextrin-Driven Formation of Double Six-Ring (D6R) Silicate Cage: NMR Spectroscopic Characterization from Solution to Crystals

Identification and isolation of secondary building units (SBUs) from synthesis media of zeolites still represent a challenging task for chemists. The cage structure anion Si12O3012− known as the double six-ring (D6R) was synthesized from α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) mediated alkaline silicate solutions and conditions of its stability and reactivity in aqueous solution were studied by using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed a novel polymorph of the hybrid complex K12Si12O30·2α-CD·nD2O (n ≈ 30⁻40), which crystallizes in the orthorhombic C2221 space group symmetry with a = 14.841(4) Å, b = 25.855(6) Å, and c = 41.91(1) Å. The supramolecular adduct of the silicate anion sandwiched by two α-CDs forms a perfect symmetry matching the H-bonding donor-acceptor system between the organic macrocycle and the D6R unit. The driving force of such a hybrid assembly has found to be strongly dependent on the nature of the cation present as large alkali counter ions (K+, Rb+ and Cs+), which stabilize the D6R structure acting as templates. Lastly, we provided the first 29Si MAS NMR measurement of 3Q Si in an isolated D6R unit that allows the verification of the linear correlation between the chemical shift and <SiOSi> bond angle for 3Q Si species in DnR cages (n = 3, 4, 6)

NMR spectroscopy to study cyclodextrin-based host-guest assemblies with polynuclear clusters

International audienceNatural cyclodextrin (CD) macrocycles are known to form diverse inclusion complexes with a wide variety of organic molecules, but recent work has revealed that inorganic clusters also form multicomponent supramolecular complexes and edifices. Such molecular assemblies exhibit a high degree of organization in solution governed by various chemical processes including molecular recognition, host-guest attraction, hydrophobic repulsion, or chaotropic effect. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is one of the most efficient and practical analytical techniques to characterize the nature, the strength and the mechanism of these interactions in solution. This review provides a brief overview on recent examples of the contribution of NMR to the characterization of hybrid systems in solution based on CD with polynuclear clusters, including polyoxometalates (POMs), metallic clusters and hydroborate clusters. The focus will be first on using 1H (and 13C) NMR of the host, i.e., CD, to identify the nature of the interactions and measure their strength. Then, 2D NMR methods will be illustrated by DOSY as a means of highlighting the clustering phenomena, and by NOESY/ROESY to evidence the spatial proximity and contact within the supramolecular assemblies. Finally, other NMR nuclei will be selected to probe the inorganic part as a guest molecule. Attention will be paid to classical host-guest complexes Cluster@CD, but also to hierarchical multi-scale, multi-component assemblies such as Cluster@CD@Cluster

Clustering Six Electrons within “Dawson-Like” Polyoxometalate: An Open Route toward Its Post-functionalization

International audienceSuper-reduction of polyoxometalates (POMs) in solution is of fundamental interest for designing innovative energy storage systems. In this article, we show that the “Dawson-like” POM can undergo a disproportionation process during its massive electron uptake, leading to species containing three metal-metal bonds as evidenced by X-ray diffraction, multi-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H and 183W NMR), extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), UV/Vis, and voltammetry techniques. This result indicates that electron storing within metal-metal bonds is not a unique property of Keggin-type POM as postulated since the 70s. Besides, we demonstrate that the presence of an electron-rich triad in the “Dawson-like” POM allows its post-functionalization with additional tungstate ions, generating a chiral molecule that is also the largest WIV-containing POMs known to date

Capture of actinides (Th4+, [UO2]2+) and surrogating lanthanide (Nd3+) in the porous Metal-Organic Framework MIL-100(Al) from water : selectivity and imaging of embedded nanoparticles

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Supramolecular Hybrid Networks Based on Polyoxometalates and Cyclodextrins

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Supramolecular assemblies of polyoxometalates and metal clusters with cyclodextrins: from inclusion complexes to composite materials

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