Processo de obtenção de catalisador e de polimerização utilizando fluidos supercríticos e/ou fluidos a altas pressões e seu uso

Em 08/11/2016: Conhecimento do Parecer Técnico. Suspenso o andamento do pedido para que o depositante se manifeste, no prazo de 90 (noventa) dias desta data quanto ao contido no parecer técnico.Não concedidaA inovação ora proposta descreve um processo de obtenção de catalisador químico suportado em resina polimérica, com morfologia e distribuição de tamanhos controlados, utilizando fluidos supercríticos e/ou fluidos a altas pressões, seu uso na indústria de polimerização e na indústria química em geral

Azadirachta indica A. Juss (neem) phenolic extract inhibits human B-lymphoblastoid cells growth via cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, and DNA damage

Aim: As far as is known, the pharmaceutical effects of neem on human B-lymphoblastoid (TK6) cells have not been studied until now. Hence, the present study aimed to obtain neem phenolic extracts for inhibits the proliferation of TK6 cells and explore some possible underlying mechanisms involved in these effects. Methods: Hexane extract (HE) was obtained in the first step. After that, the residual hexane was removed from the neem. The dried neem sample was used in a new extraction for obtaining the ethyl acetate extract (EAE). Total phenolic compounds (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) tests were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity in TK6 cells. The stop at G0/G1 cell cycle and inducing apoptosis in the TK6 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. For deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage evaluation, the alkaline comet test was used. Results: The higher TFC (65.50 mg/g of extract ± 1.17 mg/g of extract) and TPC (52.08 mg of extract ± 0.88 mg of extract) were obtained in EAE compared to HE that was obtained TFC of 14.61 mg/g of extract ± 0.60 mg/g of extract and TPC of 3.20 mg/g of extract ± 1.20 mg/g of extract. EAE was more significantly cytotoxic to TK6 cells than HE. The apoptosis induction was higher after exposure to 15.0 µg/mL of EAE (11.29%) in comparison to 15.0 µg/mL of HE (2.52%). The G0/G1 phase increased from 72% negative control (NC) to 83% after treatment with neem extracts (15 µg/mL). Neem extracts were also able to cause DNA strand breaks in TK6 cells. Conclusions: The extraction residue from neem leaf after hexane extraction is a source important of cytotoxic and genotoxic molecules against TK6 cells, the results also can suggest that the toxic effects in TK6 cells can be provided most likely due to the presence of high content of TPC from neem extracts.The CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel), Program Sandwich Abroad (Process: PDSE 99999.003409/15-5) provided funding for Klebson Silva Santos’ financial support and scholarship in Portugal. This study also was funded by CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development), and FAPITEC/SE (Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa e à Inovação Tecnológica do Estado de Sergipe). The study also was carried out with financial support from FCT/MEC through national funds and co-financed by FEDER, under the Partnership Agreement PT2020 and the project UID/QUI/50006/2013-POCI/01/0145/FEDER/007265. This work was also supported by the UIDB/50006/2020 project, funded by FCT/MCTES (Portugal, through national funds); SYSTEMIC “an integrated approach to the challenge of sustainable food systems: adaptive and mitigatory strategies to address climate change and malnutrition”, a Knowledge hub on Nutrition and Food Security, funded by FWO, INRA, BLE, MIPAAF, IZM, RCN, FCT and AEI in a joint action of JPI HDHL, JPI-OCEANS, and FACCE-JPI launched in 2019 under the ERA-NET ERA-HDHL [696295].info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Antiproliferative activity of neem leaf extracts obtained by a sequential pressurized liquid extraction

Azadirachta indica A. Juss (neem) extracts have been used in pharmaceutical applications as antitumor agents, due to their terpenes and phenolic compounds. To obtain extracts from neem leaves with potential antiproliferative effect, a sequential process of pressurized liquid extraction was carried out in a fixed bed extractor at 25◦C and 100 bar, using hexane (SH), ethyl acetate (SEA), and ethanol (SE)assolvents. Extractions using only ethanol(EE) was also conducted to compare the characteristics of the fractionated extracts. The results obtained by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry suggested a higher concentration of terpenes in the SEA extract in comparison to SH, SE, and EE extracts. Therefore, antiproliferative activity showed that SEA extracts were the most efficient inhibitor to human tumor cells MCF-7, NCI-H460, HeLa, and HepG2. Hepatocellular cells were more resistant to SH, SEA, SE, and EE compared to breast, lung, hepatocellular, and cervical malignant cells. Neem fractioned extracts obtained in the present study seem to be more selective for malignant cells compared to the non-tumor cells.Klebson Silva Santos thanks CAPES (Process: PDSE 99999.003409/15-5) for the financial support during his Ph.D. studies in Portugal. Authors are grateful to CAPES, and FAPITEC (EDITAL CAPES/FAPITEC Nº 11/2016–PROEF/Processo de AUXPE 88881.157437/2017-01) for the financial support. The study was also carried out with financial support from FEDER, under the Partnership Agreement PT2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Učinak primjene mikrovalne energije na kakvoću lišća biljke mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.)

Polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase are enzymes responsible for browning and quality deterioration in mate tea leaves. The main objective of this work is to investigate the influence of microwave energy on the oxidase activity, moisture content and colour of this raw material. The polyphenol oxidase was inactivated after 30 s of microwave treatment of the samples exposed to high and low light intensity. In samples exposed to low light intensity, the peroxidase activity was reduced for about 60 % after 120 s. The exposure of mate tea leaves to microwave energy for 220 s resulted in the moisture content required by the manufacturing process. The measured colour parameters showed that after microwave treatment, mate tea leaves showed a more intense green colour. In a general sense, the results show that the inhibition of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase by microwave energy have an anti-browning effect on the colour evolution of mate tea leaves.Polifenolna oksidaza i peroksidaza enzimi su koji uzrokuju posmeđivanje i gubitak kakvoće lišća biljke mate od kojih se pripravlja čaj. U radu je istražen učinak mikrovalne energije na aktivnost oksidaza, udjel vlage i boju lišća. Utvrđeno je da je polifenolna oksidaza inaktivirana mikrovalovima nakon 30 s obrade lišća biljaka, uzgojenih pri velikom i malom intenzitetu svjetlosti i da je aktivnost peroksidaze u lišću biljaka, uzgojenih pri velikom intenzitetu svjetlosti, smanjena za 60 % nakon 120 s. Udjel vlage potreban za daljnju preradu postignut je nakon 220 s izlaganja lišća biljke mate mikrovalnoj energiji. Mjerenjem parametara boje ustanovljeno je da lišće nakon obrade ima intenzivniju zelenu boju, te da se inhibicijom polifenolne oksidaze i peroksidaze sprečava posmeđivanje lišća biljke mate