Dielectric relaxation behavior in antiferroelectric metal organic framework [(CH3)2NH2][FeIIIFeII(HCOO)6] single crystals

The fundamental aspects of the relaxation dynamics in niccolite-type, mixed valence metal–organic framework, multiferroic [(CH3)2NH2][Fe3+Fe2+(HCOO)6] single crystals have been reported using dielectric relaxation spectroscopy covering eight decades in frequency (10−2 ≤ f ≤ 106) in the temperature range 120 K ≤ T ≤ 250 K. The compound shows antiferroelectric to paraelectric phase transition near T = 154 K with the relaxor nature of electric ordering. The temperature dependent dielectric response in modulus representation indicates three relaxation processes within the experimental window. The variable range hopping model of small polarons explains the bulk non-Debye type conductivity relaxation. The fastest relaxation with activation energy Ea = 0.17 eV is related to progressive freezing of the reorientation motions of DMA+ cations. X-ray diffraction data revealed that complete freezing of orientational and translational motions of DMA+ cations occurs well below phase transition temperature. These experimental observations are fundamentally important for the theoretical explanation of relaxation dynamics in niccolite-type metal–organic frameworks

The Influence of Water Discharge from Planned Limestone Mine in Iłża Foothills on Runoff of 5th to 2nd Order Streams

In the paper, the influence of predicted mine water discharge from the planned excavation of Jurassic limestone from Marylin 1 deposit (Iłża Foothills) on two levels of exploitation (167 and 155 m a.s.l.) on runoff of 5th to 2nd streams order (5th – stream from Śniadków, 4th – Oronka river, 3rd – Szabasówka river, 2nd – Radomka river) was examined. Excavation with its surface catchment creates endorheic area of 32.25 hectares, which will be dewatered. The source material consisted of: topographic and thematic maps, digital elevation model, hydrogeological documentation and field survey results. The analysis included river catchments delimitation, rainfall calculation in the area of the planned excavation mine and its catchment during the average year, month and day with the highest total precipitation during the 10 and 15 minute storms, calculation of specific discharge in gauged and ungauged streams which drains the excavation pit, calculation of the amount of runoff entering the excavation pit and the mine water discharge forming the runoff in subsequent streams. Unreliable rainfall intensity was determined by various methods: Błaszczyk equation, Reinhold formula, Bogdanowicz-Stachy probabilistic model. Specific discharges and runoff of the stream of Śniadków, Oronka river and Szabasówka river were obtained using specific runoff methods, Iszkowski equation and Punzet formula. Runoff of the Radomka river was calculated based on IMGW data (Słowików water gauge). The total percentage of surface water and groundwater at the 155 m a.s.l. exploitation level conditions will reach: 287.0% (year), 297.8% (month) and 467.4% (day) of the average runoff. In the following streams this influence will be moderate: Oronka (up to about 47%), Szabasówka (up to 8%) and Radomka (up to 5%). The biggest hydrological consequences, as a result of surface inflow, will occur after the torrential rain (10-15 minutes) in the stream from Sniadków. The resulting discharge will depend on the time required to pump out water from the excavation mine. In the scenario of the most intensive 15 minutes rainfall (return period 10%), the optimal duration of pumping out the water in the 155 m exploitation level conditions will be about 14 hours. Then, the mine water discharge will not exceed the average year discharge in the stream from Sniadków

EXSPECS A knowledge-based support environment for system requirement specification

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:9071.878(TIOP--89-012) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Использование plantago major и plantago lanceolata в биоиндикационных иследованиях качества атмосферного воздуха на основе показателя APTI (air pollution tolerance index)

Целью исследований было определение состояния окружающей среды г. Сосновец (Польша, Силезское воеводство) при помощи показателя APTI (Air Pollution Tolerance Index). При определении показателя APTI анализировалось содержание хлорофилла, аскорбиновой кислоты, содержание воды в листьях, pH листьев. На основании полученного придела показателя в границах 4,6 – 8,96 следует отнести выбранные растения к группе чувствительных, что дает основание считать использование выбранных растений целесообразным в качестве биоиндикаторов загрязнения окружающей среды

Использование plantago major и plantago lanceolata в биоиндикационных иследованиях качества атмосферного воздуха на основе показателя APTI (air pollution tolerance index)

Целью исследований было определение состояния окружающей среды г. Сосновец (Польша, Силезское воеводство) при помощи показателя APTI (Air Pollution Tolerance Index). При определении показателя APTI анализировалось содержание хлорофилла, аскорбиновой кислоты, содержание воды в листьях, pH листьев. На основании полученного придела показателя в границах 4,6 – 8,96 следует отнести выбранные растения к группе чувствительных, что дает основание считать использование выбранных растений целесообразным в качестве биоиндикаторов загрязнения окружающей среды