Pollination ecology and breeding system of two Calceolaria species in Chile

Indexación: Web of Science; Scielo.Many angiosperms are exclusively dependent on pollinators for its reproduction (Matallana et al.2010; Arroyo et al. 2006). However, pollinators sometimes could be erratic and variable in relation to the ecological context (e.g., plant community composition), especially in alpine zones where it is known that pollinators decline in abundance with the increment in altitude (Arroyo and Squeo1990; Totland 1994). The latest could be critical in specialized pollination system and more over when specialized flowering plants inhabit in sympatry, potentially sharing the specialized floral visitors. In this context, it is expected that plant species develop reproductive strategies to ensure reproduction and/or exhibit some differences in their pollination ecology.http://ref.scielo.org/dv2yv

La Majada magmatic belt, Sierra de Ancasti, Catamarca

La Faja Intrusiva La Majada se extiende con rumbo NNO-SSE a lo largo de 40 km aproximadamente, en el sector centro - sur de la sierra de Ancasti, SE de la provincia de Catamarca. Esta constituída por un basamento metamórfico compuesto por esquistos y gneises bandeados cuyas paragénesis minerales corresponden a un metamorfismo de mediano a alto grado. Están deformados según dos episodios D1 y D2. En este tramo de la sierra, donde la deformación D2 es más intensa, se produce un importante magmatismo, representado por la intrusión de una secuencia ígnea sintectónica cuya composición varía de gabros y dioritas, tonalitas, granodioritas y monzogranitos. Su emplazamiento se produjo en el pico del metamorfismo M2, junto con el desarrollo de procesos de fusión del cual resultaron distintos tipos de migmatitas. También se reconoce la intrusión de granitos, leucogranitos y pegmatitas, que se emplazan en una etapa sin a tardío tectónica. El estrecho vínculo entre mayor deformación y metamorfismo, con desarrollo de migmatitas y mayores volúmenes de emplazamientos de plutonitas sugiere que el magmatismo, metamorfismo y deformación estarían estrechamente vinculados temporalmente y ligados a una zona de cizalla profunda de edad paleozoica inferior.. La Majada area occur within a NNW-SSE trending along 40 kilometers in the SE Catamarca province. Is formed by schists and gneisses where the first schistosity (D1) is tightly folded and transposed by a second deformation (D2), which is coeval with the peak metamorphism (M2) and magmatism. Synkinematic granitoids emplacements are two different suites of igneous rocks : a) a magmatic sequence, consisting of small gabbro - diorite bodies and tonalite, granodiorite and monzogranite plutons; and b) granites, leucogranites and pegmatites. The relations between folds and crenulation cleavage in the metamorphic rocks and deformational fabrics in the granitoids and migmatites provide good evidence for the penecontemporaneity of deformational processes, magmatism and migmatization.Fil: Cisterna, Clara Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical; Argentin

On four-dimensional Einsteinian gravity, quasitopological gravity, cosmology and black holes

We show that the combination of cubic invariants defining five-dimensional quasitopological gravity, when written in four dimensions, reduce to the version of four-dimensional Einsteinian gravity recently proposed by Arciniega, Edelstein & Jaime, that produces second order equations of motion in a FLRW ansatz, with a purely geometrical inflationary period. We introduce a quartic version of the four-dimensional Einsteinian theory with similar properties, and study its consequences. In particular we found that there exists a region on the space of parameters which allows for thermodynamically stable black holes, as well as a well-defined cosmology with geometrically driven inflation. We briefly discuss the cosmological inhomogeneities in this setup. We also provide a combination of quintic invariants with those properties.Comment: Minor corrections, 14 pages, 1 figur

Axionic black branes in the k-essence sector of the Horndeski model

We construct new black brane solutions in the context of Horndeski gravity, in particular in its K-essence sector. These models are supported by axion scalar fields that depend only on the horizon coordinates. The dynamics of these fields is determined by a K-essence term that includes the standard kinetic term $X$ and a correction of the form $X^{k}$. We find both neutral and charged exact and analytic solutions in $D$-dimensions, which are asymptotically anti de Sitter. Then, we describe in detail the thermodynamical properties of the four-dimensional solutions and we compute the dual holographic DC conductivity.Comment: 19 pages, 1 figure. V2: Typos fixed and references added. V3: Typos fixed. Published in PR

Homogeneous Black Strings in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet with Horndeski hair and beyond

In this paper we construct new exact solutions in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet and Lovelock gravity, describing asymptotically flat black strings. The solutions exist also under the inclusion of a cosmological term in the action, and are supported by scalar fields with finite energy density, which are linear along the extended direction and have kinetic terms constructed out from Lovelock tensors. The divergenceless nature of the Lovelock tensors in the kinetic terms ensures that the whole theory is second order. For spherically, hyperbolic and planar symmetric spacetimes on the string, we obtain an effective Wheeler's polynomial which determines the lapse function up to an algebraic equation. For the sake of concreteness, we explicitly show the existence of a family of asymptotically flat black strings in six dimensions, as well as asymptotically AdS$_{5}\times R$ black string solutions and compute the temperature, mass density and entropy density. We compute the latter by Wald's formula and show that it receives a contribution from the non-minimal kinetic coupling of the matter part, shifting the one-quarter factor coming from the Einstein term, on top of the usual non areal contribution arising from the quadratic Gauss-Bonnet term. Finally, for a special value of the couplings of the theory in six dimensions, we construct strings that contain asymptotically AdS wormholes as well as rotating solutions on the transverse section. By including more scalars the strings can be extended to $p$-branes, in arbitrary dimensions.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures. V2: 20 pages, 2 figures. Explicit construction of the asymptotically flat black strings in 6D EGB, included. To appear in EJP