Diagnóstico da cobertura vegetal no meio urbano em Campinas.

O objetivo deste estudo foi diagnosticar a cobertura vegetal da área urbana de Campinas por meio da análise da cobertura do solo urbano. Para isso, foram analisadas imagens de Campinas adquiridas pelo satélite WorldView 2 no ano de 2012

Flexible Micropost Arrays for Shear Stress Measurement

Increased fuel costs, heightened environmental protection requirements, and noise abatement continue to place drag reduction at the forefront of aerospace research priorities. Unfortunately, shortfalls still exist in the fundamental understanding of boundary-layer airflow over aerodynamic surfaces, especially regarding drag arising from skin friction. For example, there is insufficient availability of instrumentation to adequately characterize complex flows with strong pressure gradients, heat transfer, wall mass flux, three-dimensionality, separation, shock waves, and transient phenomena. One example is the acoustic liner efficacy on aircraft engine nacelle walls. Active measurement of shear stress in boundary layer airflow would enable a better understanding of how aircraft structure and flight dynamics affect skin friction. Current shear stress measurement techniques suffer from reliability, complexity, and airflow disruption, thereby compromising resultant shear stress data. The state-of-the-art for shear stress sensing uses indirect or direct measurement techniques. Indirect measurements (e.g., hot-wire, heat flux gages, oil interferometry, laser Doppler anemometry, small scale pressure drag surfaces, i.e., fences) require intricate knowledge of the studied flow, restrictive instrument arrangements, large surface areas, flow disruption, or seeding material; with smaller, higher bandwidth probes under development. Direct measurements involve strain displacement of a sensor element and require no prior knowledge of the flow. Unfortunately, conventional "floating" recessed components for direct measurements are mm to cm in size. Whispering gallery mode devices and Fiber Bragg Gratings are examples of recent additions to this type of sensor with much smaller (m) sensor components. Direct detection techniques are often single point measurements and difficult to calibrate and implement in wind tunnel experiments. In addition, the wiring, packaging, and installation of delicate micro-electromechanical devices impede the use of most direct shear sensors. Similarly, the cavity required for sensing element displacement is sensitive to particulate obstruction. This work was focused on developing a shear stress sensor for use in subsonic wind tunnel test facilities applicable to an array of test configurations. The non-displacement shear sensors described here have minimal packaging requirements resulting in minimal or no disturbance of boundary layer flow. Compared to previous concepts, device installation could be simple with reduced cost and down-time. The novelty lies in the creation of low profile (nanoscale to 100 m) micropost arrays that stay within the viscous sub-layer of the airflow. Aerodynamic forces, which are related to the surface shear stress, cause post deflection and optical property changes. Ultimately, a reliable, accurate shear stress sensor that does not disrupt the airflow has the potential to provide high value data for flow physics researchers, aerodynamicists, and aircraft manufacturers leading to greater flight efficiency arising from more in-depth knowledge on how aircraft design impacts near surface properties

Business analytics in industry 4.0: a systematic review

Recently, the term “Industry 4.0” has emerged to characterize several Information Technology and Communication (ICT) adoptions in production processes (e.g., Internet-of-Things, implementation of digital production support information technologies). Business Analytics is often used within the Industry 4.0, thus incorporating its data intelligence (e.g., statistical analysis, predictive modelling, optimization) expert system component. In this paper, we perform a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on the usage of Business Analytics within the Industry 4.0 concept, covering a selection of 169 papers obtained from six major scientific publication sources from 2010 to March 2020. The selected papers were first classified in three major types, namely, Practical Application, Reviews and Framework Proposal. Then, we analysed with more detail the practical application studies which were further divided into three main categories of the Gartner analytical maturity model, Descriptive Analytics, Predictive Analytics and Prescriptive Analytics. In particular, we characterized the distinct analytics studies in terms of the industry application and data context used, impact (in terms of their Technology Readiness Level) and selected data modelling method. Our SLR analysis provides a mapping of how data-based Industry 4.0 expert systems are currently used, disclosing also research gaps and future research opportunities.The work of P. Cortez was supported by FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the R&D Units Project Scope: UIDB/00319/2020. We would like to thank to the three anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions

Optimization of the Operation Management of an Organic Rankine Cycle Fed by Biomass Serving a District Heating Grid

In these last years, many actions have been taken to decrease the consumption of fossil fuels and the impact on the environment of the human activity. Among these actions, a special attention is paid to the use of renewable energy sources to substitute the more traditional fossil fuels. This paper describes a new plant sited in Asiago (Italy). It is arranged by 2 boilers fed by the wastes from a sawmill: one of them directly supplies hot water to a district heating grid, while the other provides for the heat a cogenerative Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). The ORC plant has a nominal electric power of 1.25 MW and can produce 5.3 MW of heat. The plant is connected to the electric grid. For different operation strategies, the results of the energy analysis as well as those of the economic one will be described. A special attention will be paid to the influence of the incentives on the results of the economic analysis. The emissions will be also evaluated and compared with those of the pre-existing solution, where each user produced heat by domestic boilers fed by natural gas or diesel oil

Il pensiero nei territori del testo. Percorsi di Didattica Modulare di Lingua Italiana.

Raccordandosi alla struttura modulare del corso di lezioni e del laboratorio, volume presenta un percorso di didattica disciplinare concepito in termini economici dal punto di vista del curricolo ed ecologici dal punto di vista di colui che apprende, dando forma ad una tecnologia testuale che ha incorporato nel suo impianto strutturale nozioni di navigazione e percorsi a modulo presi in prestito dalle tecniche dei sistemi ipertestuali. Per questo pi\uf9 che secondo la struttura del catalogo e l\u2019ordine sequenziale del raccoglitore, il volume \ue8 stato concepito come un\u2019impalcatura reticolare in cui le varie forme di conoscenza , i concetti e le attivit\ue0, pur nella loro autonomia funzionale, sono interconnessi e si implicano a vicenda. La sua struttura modulare risponde all\u2019esigenza di guidare il visitatore (studente o insegnante) attraverso la logica dell\u2019ipertesto a costruire attivamente il suo percorso tra i saperi, a scegliere dove andare, cosa approfondire, dove ritornare, quali collegamenti stabilire tra le parti. Il volume non figura come assemblaggio di percorsi, ma si propone quale rete di risorse per l\u2019apprendimento dove \ue8 il lettore a selezionare e definire il filo rosso del suo itinerario dell'apprendimento linguistico. I moduli curricolari sono cinque itinerari di lavoro sui testi costruiti intorno ai nuclei concettuali dell\u2019educazione linguistica per la scuola dell\u2019infanzia e scuola elementare: la prima alfabetizzazione, le narrative, il testo espositivo, le abilit\ue0 di studio e la composizione scritta. Ogni itinerario definisce obiettivi di apprendimento, struttura attivit\ue0 e ne scandisce le fasi, seleziona materiali paradigmatici e descrive gli apprendimenti in termini di competenze da sottoporre a verifica

VIDEO 3D DINAMICO Alta Valle del But (Alpi Carniche). La grande sfida: Mare Adriatico vs Mar Nero (durata 7')

In un video dinamico in 3D (con accompagnamento sonoro) sono descritte visivamente le modifiche subite dall'alta Valle del Torrente But durante l'ultimo milione di anni. Modifiche essenzialmente dovute a una serie di catture fluviali documentate attraverso le evidenze presenti sul territorio. Le scritte a commento concretizzano il succedersi degli eventi che portarono alle attuali morfologia e idrografia, frutto della sottrazione di ben 25 kmq di territorio all'influenza del Mar nero

The Late Quaternary evolution of the Friuli upper plain (NE Italy)

The central Friuli upper plain and the Tagliamento Moraine Amphitheatre (NE Italy) provide good evidence of how the joint analysis of field survey data and surface digital representations (DEM derived maps) can enable more careful geological mapping and a more accurate analysis of landforms and the related forming processes. During the Late Pleistocene and the Holocene, climate fluctuations, active tectonics, and erosional and depositional processes repeatedly affected the study area, leading to a complex evolution in the landscape. The step-by-step reconstruction introduced here is based on recent field data supported by microrelief, shaded relief and 3D map analyses (DEMs). In addition, the advantages of surface digital representations in understanding the evolutions of the study area are considered and discussed in terms of methodology