Extraction of bioactive compounds from Peruvian purple corn cob (Zea Mays L.) by dynamic high pressure

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of dynamic high pressure at different processing temperatures, on the extraction of bioactive compounds from Peruvian purple corn cob. The purple corn cobs were ground and sieved to then be mixed with an acidified 20% ethanol-water solution (pH 2) in a 1:30 (w/v) ratio. The hydroalcoholic extracts were subjected to maceration and high dynamic pressure processes varying temperature (25 °C to 60 °C) and pressure (0.01 MPa - 60 MPa), and the bioactive compounds content and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The results showed that dynamic high pressure at 60 MPa / 45 °C was capable of obtaining extracts with bioactive compound contents and high antioxidant activity corresponding to those obtained using the conventional process of 2.5 hours / 65 °C. Seven different anthocyanins were identified by liquid chromatography in the extracts obtained by the dynamic high pressure, mainly cyanidin-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside and peonidin-3-glucoside, and their respective malonyl derivatives. The dynamic high pressure increased the extraction of anthocyanins by more than 108% and obtained them in one step, thus appearing as a new alternative, eco-friendly method for the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant tissues

Extraction of bioactive compounds from Peruvian purple corn cob by high isostatic pressure

The purple corn cob is an agro-industrial by-product that contains high-value bioactive compounds, which makes its use attractive for the development of extraction processes. The aim of this research was to extract the bioactive compounds from the purple corn cob by high isostatic pressure at different processing temperatures. Pressures of 0.01 MPa, 250 MPa, 450 MPa and 650 MPa for 3 minutes and at temperatures of 25 °C, 45 °C and 65 °C were used. High pressure extraction was compared with conventional extraction (2.5 h at 25°C). The purple corn cob extract obtained by isostatic processing at 650 MPa and 65 °C presented high antioxidant activity and content of bioactive compounds, unlike the conventional extraction of 2.5 h and 65 °C (p 0.05). Seven different anthocyanins were identified by liquid chromatography in the extracts obtained by high isostatic pressure (650 MPa at 65 °C) and hydroalcoholic maceration (2.5 h at 65 °C), mainly cyanidin-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside and peonidin-3-glucoside, and their respective malonyl derivatives. The high isostatic pressure increased the extraction of bioactive compounds by more than 50% and obtained them in shorter times, thus appearing as a new alternative, and eco-friendly method for the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant tissues

Identification and antioxidant activity of the extracts of eugenia uniflora leaves. Characterization of the anti-inflammatory properties of aqueous extract on diabetes expression in an experimental model of spontaneous type 1 diabetes (NOD mice)

FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOMedical and folklore reports suggest that Eugenia uniflora (E. uniflora) is a functional food that contains numerous compounds in its composition, with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-diabetic effects. In the present study, we investigated the best solvents (water, ethanol and methanol/acetone) for extracting bioactive compounds of E. uniflora leaves, assessing total phenols and the antioxidant activity of the extracts by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), 2,2'-Azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assays, identifying hydrolysable tannins and three phenolic compounds (ellagic acid, gallic acid and rutin) present in the leaves. In addition, we evaluated the incidence of diabetes, degree of insulitis, serum insulin, hepatic glutathione and tolerance test glucose in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Our results suggest that the aqueous extract presents antioxidant activity and high total phenols, which were used as a type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM-1) treatment in NOD mice. We verified that the chronic consumption of aqueous extract reduces the inflammatory infiltrate index in pancreatic islets, maintaining serum insulin levels and hepatic glutathione, and reducing serum lipid peroxidation as well as the risk for diabetes.Medical and folklore reports suggest that Eugenia uniflora (E. uniflora) is a functional food that contains numerous compounds in its composition, with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-diabetic effects. In the present study, we investigated the best solvents (water, ethanol and methanol/acetone) for extracting bioactive compounds of E. uniflora leaves, assessing total phenols and the antioxidant activity of the extracts by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), 2,2′-Azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assays, identifying hydrolysable tannins and three phenolic compounds (ellagic acid, gallic acid and rutin) present in the leaves. In addition, we evaluated the incidence of diabetes, degree of insulitis, serum insulin, hepatic glutathione and tolerance test glucose in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Our results suggest that the aqueous extract presents antioxidant activity and high total phenols, which were used as a type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM-1) treatment in NOD mice. We verified that the chronic consumption of aqueous extract reduces the inflammatory infiltrate index in pancreatic islets, maintaining serum insulin levels and hepatic glutathione, and reducing serum lipid peroxidation as well as the risk for diabetes44662680FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO2011/06559-

Pressurized liquid extraction of bioactive compounds from grape marc

Extracts rich in monomeric anthocyanins (MAC) and total phenolic compounds (TPC) were obtained from grape marc by Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE). PLE was performed using ethanol and water mixtures (acidified or not) (50% w/w), pure ethanol and acidified water at temperatures from 40 to 100 °C. The best PLE conditions for MAC extraction (ethanol-water pH 2.0 [50% w/w]) resulted in 10.21 mg of malvidin-3-O-glucoside/g of dried grape marc (dr). Fifteen anthocyanins were identified and quantified in PLE extracts by UHPLC-UV-Vis. PLE with ethanol-water (50% w/w) as solvent at 100 °C achieved the highest TPC content (65.68 mg GAE/g dr) and antioxidant capacity by ORAC (772.11 μmol TE/g dr) and FRAP (1452 mg TE/g dr) among the evaluated conditions. Based on the results for extraction of monomeric anthocyanins and phenolics compounds, a sequential PLE process was performed and proved to be viable for the recovery of two different extract fractions240105113CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP13241/2016-2AUXPE-PROEX 087/20162015/11932-

Jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) peel extracts induce reticulum stress and apoptosis in breast cancer cells

Jaboticaba peel (Myrciaria jaboticaba) is a source of bioactive compounds. We investigated the anticancer activity of ethyl acetate extract (JE1) and hydroethanolic extract (JE2) of Jaboticaba peel against breast cancer. Both JE1 and JE2 inhibited clonogenic potential of MDA-MB-231 cells while JE1 was particularly effective in MCF7 cells. Anchorage-independent growth and cell viability was also inhibited by JE1 and JE2. In addition to growth inhibition, JE1 and JE2 could also inhibit migration and invasion of cells. Interestingly, JE1 and JE2 show selective inhibition towards certain breast cancer cells and biological processes. Mechanistic evaluations showed that JE1 induced PARP cleavage, BAX and BIP indicating apoptotic induction. An elevation of phosphorylated ERK was observed in MCF7 cells in response to JE1 and JE2 along with increased IRE-α and CHOP expression indicating increased endoplasmic stress. Therefore, Jaboticaba peel extracts could be potentially considered for further development for breast cancer inhibition

Characterization of antioxidant polyphenols from Myrciaria jaboticaba peel and their effects on glucose metabolism and antioxidant status : A pilot clinical study

Brazilian berries, such as Myrciaria jaboticaba (jaboticaba), are good sources of polyphenols with a recognized function in oxidative stress attenuation proved in non-clinical studies. In the present study, the polyphenols profile and their contribution to the antioxidant capacity of the jaboticaba peel were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photodiode array (DAD), electrochemical (ECD), charged aerosol (CAD), and mass spectrometry (MS) detections. Anthocyanins, ellagitannins and gallotannins, ellagic acid and derivatives, and flavonols were found in jaboticaba. Anthocyanins were the phenolics found in higher concentrations. However, ellagitannins were the main contributors to the total antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the effect of jaboticaba peel intake on antioxidant and glucose parameters in a single-blind placebo-controlled crossover study was investigated. The serum antioxidant capacity was significantly higher when the subjects had consumed the test meal containing jaboticaba. Serum insulin decreased subsequent to the second meal at 4 h after jaboticaba peel consumption

Capacidade antioxidante e composição química da casca de maracujá (Passiflora edulis)

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a composição centesimal da farinha obtida da casca do maracujá e sua atividade antioxidantein vitro, buscando viabilizar suas potencialidades para incorporação em produtos alimentares. Os frutos foram higienizados, as cascas foram separadas da polpa, secas em estufa com circulação de ar e moídas para obtenção de uma farinha. Foi determinada a composição centesimal e os polifenóis presentes na casca foram extraídos por três metodologias, tendo sido quantificados o teor de fenóis totais e a atividade antioxidante por três métodos distintos (sequestro do radical 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil - DPPH, capacidade antioxidante de redução do ferro - FRAP e capacidade de absorção do radical oxigênio - ORAC). Os resultados mostram que a farinha apresenta elevado teor de fibras (65,22±0,27%), das quais 74% são fibras insolúveis. Embora os resultados do teor de polifenóis indiquem que possivelmente há um predomínio de compostos com características hidrofílicas na casca, visto que a água foi o solvente que apresentou maior rendimento na extração dos fenóis totais, a avaliação da atividade antioxidante dos extratos mostra que o poder antioxidante dos compostos lipofílicos presentes no extrato metanólico/acetona foram superiores ao dos compostos presentes no extrato aquoso e etanólico. Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo demonstram que a casca do maracujá poderia ser utilizada como fonte de fibras e antioxidantes. No entanto, sua incorporação em formulações alimentares deve atentar as suas características físicas, químicas e sensoriais, para garantir seu melhor aproveitamento e aceitação entre os consumidores

Collagen supplementation in skin and orthopedic diseases: A review of the literature

Collagen is one of the main components of the extracellular matrix of the dermis and articular cartilage and influences the body’s mechanical, organizational, and tissue formation properties. Produced from food industry by-products, it is considered a nutraceutical product widely used as an ingredient or supplement in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. This study aimed to conduct a literature review on the scientific evidence regarding the beneficial effects of collagen consumption in the treatment of skin and orthopedic diseases. Literature data have shown that hydrolyzed collagen supplementation promotes skin changes, such as decreased wrinkle formation; increased skin elasticity; increased hydration; increased collagen content, density, and synthesis, which are factors closely associated with aging-related skin damage. Regarding orthopedic changes, collagen supplementation increases bone strength, density, and mass; improves joint stiffness/mobility, and functionality; and reduces pain. These aspects are associated with bone loss due to aging and damage caused by strenuous physical activity. Thus, this review addresses the economic and health potential of this source of amino acids and bioactive peptides extracted from food industry by-products