The Advantages and Limitations of Ultrasound Elastography in Diagnosis of Thyroid Carcinoma

Thyroid nodules have high prevalence in the general population. Only minorities of thyroid nodules are malignant; nevertheless, still biopsies are performed in differential diagnosis of malignant and benign thyroid nodules. Conventional ultrasound is widely used in diagnosis and characterization of thyroid nodules. There are several suspicious ultrasound features that predict thyroid cancer, such as solid consistence, marked hypoechogenicity, taller-than-wide shape, irregular or microlobulated or spiculated margins, no peripheral hypoechoic halo, and micro- or macrocalcifications. However, none of these signs have high sensitivity or specificity nor high degree of confidence for diagnosis or exclusion of thyroid carcinoma. Ultrasound elastography, recently developed, promising, noninvasive technique that evaluates tissue stiffness, has become one of the main focuses in thyroid imaging. There are two ultrasound elastography methods: strain ultrasound elastography (also known as real-time elastography or qualitative elastography) and shear wave elastography (quantitative elastography and acoustic radiation force impulse imaging). The purpose of this chapter is to present the principles of thyroid application, advantages, and limitations of both ultrasound elastography techniques

Evaluation of the association between gross motor function classification system levels and implementation of home programs in children with cerebral palsy

The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between gross motor function classification system levels and implementation of home programs in children with cerebral palsy. Material-Method: This study is a cross-sectional study. The study group consists of 247 cerebral palsy patients who referred to rehabilitation centers and who agreed to participate in the study and their relatives. Gross Motor Function Classification System was used to find out the severity of cerebral palsy. The state of implementing home program was questioned through the parents of the children within the rehabilitation program. 51.6% of the children in the study were male, while 48.4% were female. Average age of the participants was 9.5±0.5 years (min.:0, max.:21). When the reasons for cerebral palsy were examined, 17.5% were found to be prenatal, 54.2% were found to be natal and 27.3% were found to be postnatal. Distribution of the children in terms of Gross Motor Function Classification System levels was found as 4.9% in level 1, as 21.9% in level 2, 34.4% in level 3, 25.1% in level 4, and 13.8% in level 5. Average age of the participant parents was found as 36.4±12.4 years (min.:18, max.:73). 93.8% of the parents were mothers, while 6.2% were fathers. Home program given by physiotherapist was applied to only 35.6% of the children by the parent. In this study, statistically significant difference was found between Gross Motor Function Classification System levels and application of home programs (p [Med-Science 2019; 8(1.000): 221-4

Investigation of Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength of the Women Admitted to the Gynecology Clinics and the Evaluation of Affecting Factors [Malatya Il Merkezinde Jinekoloji Polikliniklerine Basvuran Kadinlarin Pelvik Taban Kas Kuvvetinin Degerlendirilmesi ve Etkileyen Faktorlerin Incelenmesi]

The aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting pelvic floor muscle strength of the women admitted to the gynecology clinics in Malatya by evaluating their pelvic floor muscle strengths with perineometry device. This study is of a cross-sectional type. In the sample selection, stratified cluster sampling method was used. 430 women between the ages of 20-50 were included in the study. In the analysis process; Chi-square and logistic regression were used. In our study, the mean value of pelvic floor muscle strength has been found to be 31.4±9.6 cmH2O. According to results of this research, it has been found out that there are primary relational factors between having a normal or mixed births (OR=5.546, CI=2.586-11.895), being at the age of 40 years and older (OR=3.484, CI=1.982-6.125) and pelvic floor muscle strength weakness (p [Med-Science 2015; 4(4.000): 2762-71

Evaluation of Sexual Function Levels of Women between the Ages of 20-50 Living in Central Malatya [Malatya Il Merkezinde Yasayan 20-50 Yas Arasindaki Kadinlarin Cinsel Fonksiyon Duzeylerinin Degerlendirilmesi]

The aim is to evaluate sexual function levels of the women living in Malatya province and determine the factors affecting them. This study was a cross-sectional study. Stratified cluster sampling method was used by the number of admission to the hospital. The study includes 430 women between 20-50 years of age. In the analysis; Chi-square and logistic regression were used. The average age of those entering the study is 38.5±0.5 years. Of the women entering the study, 10.5% are illiterate. Female Sexual Function Index average value of the individuals entering the study (Index of Female Sexual Function =IFSF) has been detected as 26.9±7.8. IFSF score of 69.1% of the patients is under 30, and that of 30% is 30.9. In our study, statistically significant differences (p [Med-Science 2015; 4(4.000): 2751-61

Pseudoprogression; discussion of the concept of pseudoprogression on the characteristics of tomographic changes in liver metastases of colorectal cancer patients receiving bevacizumab therapy

In this study, we aimed to investigate the concept of pseudoprogression in colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases receiving bevacizumab treatment by considering the changes in the shape, size, and density of liver metastases by abdominal Computed Tomography (CT) scans taken before and after treatment. This study is a retrospective evaluation of 16 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan and bevacizumab and is based on computed tissue analysis of the dominant liver lesion at baseline and 2 months after chemotherapy. The borders of all metastatic lesions observed in the livers of patients treated with bevacizumab after adjuvant chemotherapy were sharpened, the size of some lesions remained the same while others increased, and the density of most metastatic lesions decreased. In our study, we concluded that the evaluation of response to treatment based only on size and number should be avoided by noting a pseudoprogression in liver metastases that shows an increase in size but no progression on clinical/laboratory and follow-up images. [Med-Science 2023; 12(3.000): 951-4

If You See It Once, You Do Not Forget: Lhermitte-Duclos Disease

Lhermitte- Duclos disease (LDD) is a rare disorder of unknown pathogenesis, characterized by typical magnetic resonance (MR) findings. LDD can be associated with Cowden’s syndrome. So preoperative diagnosis is important for excluding the other associated tumors. Herein we present two cases of LDD and describe typical MR signal characteristics

Evaluation of the functional capacity, respiratory functions and musculoskeletal systems of the children with chest pain for non-cardiac reasons

WOS: 000422968000010PubMed: 29376575Chronic chest pain in healthy children and adolescents generally arises from non-cardiac factors. The purpose of our study was to compare the evaluation results of effort test, respiratory function and musculoskeletal system in children and adolescents with chest pain for non-cardiac reasons with healthy children and adolescents. Physical activity level was determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The respiratory function test was performed using a spirometer. The posture analysis was performed to determine the upper body deformities. The effort test was performed on a treadmill. The two groups were similar in terms of the physical activity levels, respiratory function and effort test results (p>0.05). The rate of the rounded shoulder, kyphosis was significantly higher in the patient group with chest pain (p<0.005). Consequently, the musculoskeletal system findings including the pectoralis minor shortness, rounded shoulder, and thoracic kyphosis could have a role in non-cardiac chest pain

The Diagnostic Value of Pleural Fluid Neopterin Level in Tuberculous Pleurisy

International audience(Ord. n° 2005-428, 6 mai 2005, relative aux incapacités en matière commerciale et à la publicité du régime matrimonial des commerçants, JO 7 mai 2005, p. 7925 ; D. n° 2005-530, 24 mai 2005 modifiant le décret du 30 mai 1984 relatif au registre du commerce et des sociétés, JO 26 mai 2005, p. 9107

Magnetic resonance imaging findings in childhood period nasopharynx cancer

BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a rarely seen tumor in childhood. It is mostly detected late as the clinical features are similar to other childhood tumors which affect the nasopharynx and adenoidal hypertrophy. Therefore, the radiological features of childhood tumors of the nasopharynx must be well known. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of MR imaging features of childhood nasopharynx cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 10 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients under the age of 18 years who presented at hospital between February 2008 and March 2014 and who had tissue diagnosis and MRI of the nasopharynx region. The MRI scans were evaluated by two radiologists. Loco-regional spread, asymmetry, signal intensity of the tumors, and lymph nodes were evaluated. RESULTS: In all the patients there was a mass which narrowed the nasopharynx. In all cases, unilateral mastoid opacification was observed. In 9 cases (90%), parapharyngeal extension was found. In 8 cases (80%), the mass showed an extension into the nasal cavity or oropharynx. In 5 cases (50%), there was an involvement of the skull base. In 3 patients (30%), an extension to the masticator space and pterygopalatine fossa was found. There were enlarged cervical lymph nodes bilaterally in 10 cases (100%). In 4 cases (40%), a lateral retropharyngeal lymph node was detected. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood nasopharyngeal cancers are often diagnosed at an advanced stage. MR imaging can be helpful in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of childhood nasopharynx cancer from other diseases of the nasopharynx