18 research outputs found
Critical Pitting Temperature Measurements for Evaluating Superaustenitic Stainless Steels Resistance to Solutions Modeling Wastewater Treatment of Flue Gas Desulfurization Plants
Critical pitting temperature (CPT) determination by potenciostatic procedure is often used as a method of screening stainless steels in solutions with activity range 0.067 â 4.3. Values of activity of chloride ions as well as pH values for those solutions are quite different from the values of the same parameters in solutions modeling wastewater treatment of flue gas desulfurization plants. In those waters the soluble components, mainly calcium chloride (which must be treated by evaporation and crystallization) can give solutions with pH values below 4and activities of chloride ions much more higher. Thus,
even small changes of CaCl2 concentration can give an increase in chloride ions activity.
In the work reported here the effect of two different activities of chloride ions was investigated using potenciostatic CPT measurements on superaustenitic stainless steels in c = 5.685 and 5.88 mol Lâ1 CaCl2 solutions with pH values below 4. The results demonstrated
that an increase in the activity of chloride ions causes a decrease in the potentialat which, for given a temperature, the growth of stable pits is possible
Gender differences in coerced patients with schizophrenia
European Commission (Quality of life and
Management of Living Resources Programme, contract number QLG4-CT-
2002-01036), Czech Ministry of Education research grant MSM002160849,
and research grants PRVOUKâP26/LF1/4 and PRVOUKâP03/LF1/
A noteworthy disjunction of the epiphytic moss Lewinskya graphiomitria
Lewinskya graphiomitria (MĂŒll. Hal. ex Beckett) F. Lara, Garilleti & Goffinet,
hitherto considered a New Zealand endemic species, has recently been repeatedly
found at different localities in China, thereby representing an intriguing example
of a remote intercontinental disjunction among the bryophytes. Herein, the
current distribution of this species is reviewed and mapped and its disjunct
occurrence in the two widely separated areas is discussed. Maps showing the
quantification of extrapolated projection areas for L. graphiomitria are also
presented. A possible way of its migration from New Zealand to Asia or vice
versa is explained