Discussion on the Effect of Emergency Tracheal Intubation on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation by Emergency Medical Staff

Objective: To study the positive effect of emergency tracheal intubation on cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methods: 90 patients with cardiopulmonary arrest were randomly selected from the emergency department of our hospital from November 2017 to November 2019, and were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group (n=45). The control group was given routine anesthesia combined with cardiopulmonary resuscitation, while the experimental group was given emergency tracheal intubation combined with cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The effect of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and operation time of the two groups were observed and discussed, and the results were recorded. Results: Under different intervention measures, the time from visiting a doctor to tracheal intubation in the experimental group was obviously shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There is no significant difference in the time of intubation between the two groups (P > 0.05). In addition, the success probability of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the discharge survival rate in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The above-mentioned results with p < 0.05 indicated the statistically significant differences. Conclusion: In clinical practice, emergency tracheal intubation for patients with cardiopulmonary arrest by emergency medical staff can bring a higher success probability of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, buy valuable time for rescue operation, and obviously improve the prognosis of patients. Therefore, it is worthy of wider promotion and application

Spin-flip reflection at the normal metal-spin superconductor interface

We study spin transport through a normal metal-spin superconductor junction. A spin-flip reflection is demonstrated at the interface, where a spin-up electron incident from the normal metal can be reflected as a spin-down electron and the spin $2\times \hbar/2$ will be injected into the spin superconductor. When the (spin) voltage is smaller than the gap of the spin superconductor, the spin-flip reflection determines the transport properties of the junction. We consider both graphene-based (linear-dispersion-relation) and quadratic-dispersion-relation normal metal-spin superconductor junctions in detail. For the two-dimensional graphene-based junction, the spin-flip reflected electron can be along the specular direction (retro-direction) when the incident and reflected electron locates in the same band (different bands). A perfect spin-flip reflection can occur when the incident electron is normal to the interface, and the reflection coefficient is slightly suppressed for the oblique incident case. As a comparison, for the one-dimensional quadratic-dispersion-relation junction, the spin-flip reflection coefficient can reach 1 at certain incident energies. In addition, both the charge current and the spin current under a charge (spin) voltage are studied. The spin conductance is proportional to the spin-flip reflection coefficient when the spin voltage is less than the gap of the spin superconductor. These results will help us get a better understanding of spin transport through the normal metal-spin superconductor junction.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure

Methylated DNMT1 and E2F1 Are Targeted for Proteolysis by L3MBTL3 and CRL4DCAF5 Ubiquitin Ligase

Many non-histone proteins are lysine methylated and a novel function of this modification is to trigger the proteolysis of methylated proteins. Here, we report that the methylated lysine 142 of DNMT1, a major DNA methyltransferase that preserves epigenetic inheritance of DNA methylation patterns during DNA replication, is demethylated by LSD1. A novel methyl-binding protein, L3MBTL3, binds the K142-methylated DNMT1 and recruits a novel CRL4DCAF5 ubiquitin ligase to degrade DNMT1. Both LSD1 and PHF20L1 act primarily in S phase to prevent DNMT1 degradation by L3MBTL3-CRL4DCAF5. Mouse L3MBTL3/MBT-1 deletion causes accumulation of DNMT1 protein, increased genomic DNA methylation, and late embryonic lethality. DNMT1 contains a consensus methylation motif shared by many non-histone proteins including E2F1, a key transcription factor for S phase. We show that the methylation-dependent E2F1 degradation is also controlled by L3MBTL3-CRL4DCAF5. Our studies elucidate for the first time a novel mechanism by which the stability of many methylated non-histone proteins are regulated

Investigating the Non-Linear Relationships in the Expectancy Theory: The Case of Crowdsourcing Marketplace

Crowdsourcing marketplace as a new platform for companies or individuals to source ideas or works from the public has become popular in the contemporary world. A key issue about the sustainability of this type of marketplace relies on the effort that problem solvers expend on the online tasks. However, the predictors of effort investment in the crowdsourcing context is rarely investigated. In this study, based on the expectancy theory which suggests the roles of reward valence, trust and self efficacy, we develop a research model to study the factors influencing effort. Further, the non-linear relationships between self efficacy and effort is proposed. Based on a field survey, we found that: (1) reward valence and trust positively influence effort; (2) when task complexity is high, there will be a convex relationship between self efficacy and effort; and (3) when task complexity is low, there will be a concave relationship between self efficacy and effort. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed

A Technology–Individual Contingency Perspective of Mobile Technostress: The Moderating Role of Personality

As one of the rapidly developing technologies, mobile technology brings employees not only the enhanced work effectiveness and efficiency but also some unexpected consequences such as the so called technostress which has been regarded as an increasingly serious issue in contemporary organizations. Despite prior studies have provided some interpretive and qualitative analysis on this issue, the empirical studies about how and when mobile technology features lead to technostress have been rarely developed. In this study, we proposed and empirically examined the impact of one key mobile technology feature namely presenteeism on technostress. More importantly, we further put forward that the relationship between technology characteristic and technostress was moderated by five personality factors namely extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience by addressing the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality. A survey on the employees with usage of mobile technologies in workplace was conducted to test the proposed research model and hypotheses. The key findings show that: (1) Presenteeism per se has no significant impact on technostress; (2) Three personality factors conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience are found to be significantly moderate the relationship between presenteeism and technostress while the other two does not. Contributions and implications of the study are also discussed

Geometric picture of quantum discord for two-qubit quantum states

Among various definitions of quantum correlations, quantum discord has attracted considerable attention. To find analytical expression of quantum discord is an intractable task. Exact results are known only for very special states, namely, two-qubit X-shaped states. We present in this paper a geometric viewpoint, from which two-qubit quantum discord can be described clearly. The known results about X state discord are restated in the directly perceivable geometric language. As a consequence, the dynamics of classical correlations and quantum discord for an X state in the presence of decoherence is endowed with geometric interpretation. More importantly, we extend the geometric method to the case of more general states, for which numerical as well as analytica results about quantum discord have not been found yet. Based on the support of numerical computations, some conjectures are proposed to help us establish geometric picture. We find that the geometric picture for these states has intimate relationship with that for X states. Thereby in some cases analytical expressions of classical correlations and quantum discord can be obtained.Comment: 9 figure

Metformin attenuates lipid accumulation in hepatocytes of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase

Currently, there is a trend to use high-fat diets in intensive aquaculture that is accompanied with incidence of fatty liver when dietary lipid level surpasses an upper limit. So, it is necessary to develop appropriate strategies to reduce the risk of fatty liver in commercial fish farming. Studies in mammals have revealed a correlation between fatty liver and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, which has been recognized as a key modulator of lipid metabolism. Considering the frequent occurrence of fatty liver in blunt snout bream farming, an in-vitro study was designed to evaluate the efficiency of metformin, as a stimulator of AMPK, in activation of AMPK and its subsequent effects on lipid metabolism in primary hepatocytes. Fish hepatocytes were seeded at a density of 1 × 106 ml−1 in 6-well tissue culture plates and treated with three different media including: 1) Leibovitz's L-15 medium [L15] as control, 2) high-fat medium [L15 + 400 μM oleic acid], and 3) metformin medium [L15 + 400 μM oleic acid+200 μM metformin]. After 48 h of culture, the cells and supernatant were collected for analysis. The results showed significant (P

Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration, Stress, and Sports Injury Among University Athletes: A Four-Wave Prospective Survey

The prevalence of sports injury among athletes is rather high, suggesting the need to better understand the causes of sports injury, including the risk factors, for preventive purposes. Grounded in basic psychological needs theory (BPNT) and the Model of Stress and Athletic Injury, the aim of this four-wave prospective survey study was to investigate the relationships among basic psychological needs satisfaction and frustration, stress responses, and sports injury. Study variables, including basic psychological need satisfaction/frustration, and perceived stress, were measured using a survey from 112 university athletes at the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months of the study. Sports injury was assessed using a self-report form at the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th months of study. Results of the Bayesian multilevel analysis showed that basic psychological need satisfaction negatively predicted sports injuries, whereas stress was a positive predictor. In addition, basic psychological need satisfaction had an indirect effect on injury occurrence via stress. However, basic psychological need frustration did not predict sports injury. BPNT is a viable model to provide additional explanations to psychological risk factors of injury. Intervention programs may be formulated based on the evidence obtained on the model

An Affinity Propagation-Based DNA Motif Discovery Algorithm

The planted ( , ) motif search (PMS) is one of the fundamental problems in bioinformatics, which plays an important role in locating transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) in DNA sequences. Nowadays, identifying weak motifs and reducing the effect of local optimum are still important but challenging tasks for motif discovery. To solve the tasks, we propose a new algorithm, APMotif, which first applies the Affinity Propagation (AP) clustering in DNA sequences to produce informative and good candidate motifs and then employs Expectation Maximization (EM) refinement to obtain the optimal motifs from the candidate motifs. Experimental results both on simulated data sets and real biological data sets show that APMotif usually outperforms four other widely used algorithms in terms of high prediction accuracy