A STUDY ON THE EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION PROCESS OF LILY POLYSACCHARIDE AND ITS ANTI-TUMOR EFFECT

The objective of this paper was to extract and purify lily polysaccharide and to study its anti-H22 hepatoma effect in mice. Orthogonal experimental method was used to analyze the factors influencing the extraction and purification of lily polysaccharide, and the anti-tumor effect of lily polysaccharide was studied by acting it on H22-bearing mice. The results showed that the size of influence of various factors on the extraction results of lily polysaccharide were extraction time, extraction times and extraction temperature in decreasing order. Lily polysaccharide can enhance the immune function of H22 tumor-bearing mice, and inhibit the growth of H22 tumor. The study concluded that the optimal conditions for the extraction and purification of lily polysaccharide should be extraction times of 3 times, an extraction time of 4 h each, and an extraction temperature of 60℃; lily polysaccharide has an anti-tumor effect

The value of age IgG and IL6 in estimating time of viral clearance in asymptomatic or mild patients with COVID-19

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Age, immunoglobin G (IgG), immunoglobin M (IgM), procalcitonin (PCT), and interleukin-6 (IL6), and the time to clear viral nucleic acids in asymptomatic and mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, as well as evaluated the predictive value of these biochemical indicators.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis on 1,570 individuals who were admitted to Tianjin First Central Hospital and diagnosed with asymptomatic or mild cases. Laboratory data were collected, including age, gender, levels of IgG, IgM, PCT and IL6, as well as results of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid test. These data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software, version 24.0.ResultsThe results indicated that among mild patients, Age, IgG, and the time to clear viral nucleic acids were higher than asymptomatic patients (p < 0.05). And the time to clear viral nucleic acids was significantly correlated with Age, IgG, IgM, PCT, and IL6 (p < 0.05), IgG (r = −0.445, p < 0.001) showed moderate correlations. Using logistic regression analysis, we identified older age, high IL6 levels, and low IgG levels were risk factors for nucleic acid clearance exceeding 14 days (p < 0.05). When combining these three indicators to predict the probability of nucleic acid clearance exceeding 14 days in the 1,570 patients, the AUROC was found to be 0.727.ConclusionAge, IgG, and IL6 could potentially serve as useful predictors for nucleic acid clearance exceeding 14 days in asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 patients

A kirigami-enabled electrochromic wearable variable-emittance device for energy-efficient adaptive personal thermoregulation

For centuries, people have put effort to improve the thermal performance of clothing to adapt to varying temperatures. However, most clothing we wear today only offers a single-mode insulation. The adoption of active thermal management devices, such as resistive heaters, Peltier coolers, and water recirculation, is limited by their excessive energy consumption and form factor for long-term, continuous, and personalized thermal comfort. In this paper, we developed a wearable variable-emittance (WeaVE) device, enabling the tunable radiative heat transfer coefficient to fill the missing gap between thermoregulation energy efficiency and controllability. WeaVE is an electrically driven, kirigami-enabled electrochromic thin-film device that can effectively tune the midinfrared thermal radiation heat loss of the human body. The kirigami design provides stretchability and conformal deformation under various modes and exhibits excellent mechanical stability after 1,000 cycles. The electronic control enables programmable personalized thermoregulation. With less than 5.58 mJ/cm2 energy input per switching, WeaVE provides 4.9°C expansion of the thermal comfort zone, which is equivalent to a continuous power input of 33.9 W/m2. This nonvolatile characteristic substantially decreases the required energy while maintaining the on-demand controllability, thereby providing vast opportunities for the next generation of smart personal thermal managing fabrics and wearable technologies

Deviation analysis of rotational inertia measurement based on torsion bar method

The test of moment of inertia has a wide range of applications in aerospace, vehicle engineering, precision machinery, motors and other fields, moment of inertia directly affects the reliability and performance of components or equipment, it is very essential to test the moment of inertia. By analyzing the principle of moment of inertia test, we could come to the conclusion that the theoretical value, the inertia of the disk, the period of the torsion swing of the standard body and the period of the empty disk of the moment of inertia and the moment of inertia of the standard body. By analyzing the measurement error, position error and damping during the test, we could reach the following conclusion that the test accuracy of the moment of inertia can reach 0.1 %

A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF RESVERATROL ON LIPID METABOLISM IN HYPERLIPIDEMIC MICE

Background: The content of resveratrol is relatively high in Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc., and the resveratrol has the effect of blood vessel dilating, microcirculation improving, platelet aggregation inhibiting and anti-cancer. The objective of this paper was to study the effect of resveratrol on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia mice. Materials and Methods: Through the establishment of an experimental mouse model of hyperlipidemia, the effect of resveratrol on change in total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels in mouse serum were determined. Results: Resveratrol group can apparently reduce TC, TG, LDL-c and AI of hyperlipidemic mice in a dose effect manner. Conclusion: We concluded that resveratrol can effectively reduce blood lipid levels of hyperlipidemic mice

Plasma indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in tuberculosis patients

Purpose: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a challenge of global TB control, with difficulty in early detection of drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DS-TB). We investigate the diagnostic significance of IDO as a potential biomarker to discriminate MDR patients among the TB patients. Patients and methods: Plasma indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) was measured by the ratio of kynurenine (Kyn) to tryptophan (Trp) concentrations, using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Chest computed tomography (CT) imaging signs from TB patients were collected and analyzed in 18 DS-TB patients, 16 MDR-TB patients, 6 lung cancer (LC) patients, and 11 healthy individuals. Lung imaging signs from TB patients were collected and analyzed. Results: We found that plasma IDO activity was significantly higher in the MDR-TB patients than in the DS-TB patients (p=0.012) and in the LC patients (p=0.003). We evaluated the diagnostic significance of plasma IDO activity in discriminating the MDR-TB group from the DS-TB group using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. With a cutoff level of 46.58 uM/mM, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for IDO activity were 87.50%, 72.22%, 73.68%, and 86.67%, respectively. Plasma IDO activity was higher in cavity cases than in non-cavity cases (p=0.042), proving a positive correlation between lung cavity number and cavity size (p \u3c 0.05, separately) among all the TB patients studied. Conclusion: Our findings confirmed that plasma IDO activity might have an auxiliary diagnosis value for early discrimination of MDR-TB patients from DS-TB patients. Among the TB patients with cavitary lung lesions, higher plasma IDO activity can indicate a higher risk of MDR-TB

Colorimetric assay for the rapid determination of free-base nicotine in e-liquid

Nicotine exists in e-liquids primarily as the monoprotonated form and free-base form, the former is absorbed by the smoker relatively slowly and the latter is considered the bioavailable form of nicotine. Nowadays e-liquid manufacturers tend to increase nicotine in smoke aerosols, up to a content comparable to conventional cigarettes. Organic acids are added to suppress nicotine in free-base from, because the quick absorption of free-base nicotine (FBN) by the upper respiratory tract produces more bitterness and harshness to smokers. Although several methods have been developed to access FBN in conventional cigarettes or electronic cigarettes, spectrometric methods have rarely been reported. A water-solubility indicator Alizarin Red S (ARS) was introduced for the measurement of free-base nicotine. Since ARS exhibits lower acidity than organic acids, it does not compete for the tertiary amine with organic acids, but can only interact with FBN. The ARS turns from pale yellow to pink once it has been deprotonated by nicotine, and the binding constant between ARS and nicotine was determined to be 1.08 × 106 M-1. A linear calibration curve A = 0.0056c + 0.3309 with r2 = 0.9984 as a function of FBN was constructed, and applied for the evaluation of FBN in prepared e-liquid samples, with RMSE 1.12 mg g-1 for the 20 mg g-1 liquids, and 1.37 mg g-1 for the 50 mg g-1 liquids. The evaluation of FBN in commercial e-liquids agreed well with published e-liquid values. It is believed that the convenient method herein developed will be useful for manufacturers to balance the strength and harshness levels of nicotine in e-liquids.</p