Background: The content of resveratrol is relatively high in Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc., and the resveratrol has the effect of blood vessel dilating, microcirculation improving, platelet aggregation inhibiting and anti-cancer. The objective of this paper was to study the effect of resveratrol on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia mice. 
Materials and Methods: Through the establishment of an experimental mouse model of hyperlipidemia, the effect of resveratrol on change in total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels in mouse serum were determined.
Results: Resveratrol group can apparently reduce TC, TG, LDL-c and AI of hyperlipidemic mice in a dose effect manner. 
Conclusion: We concluded that resveratrol can effectively reduce blood lipid levels of hyperlipidemic mice

Chen, Zhi

Han, Hong-Ping

He, Jian-Ping

Xie, Hui-chun

PubMed

ATHMSI Journals

Xie et al., Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. (2014) 11(1):209-212http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v11i1.33209A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF RESVERATROL ON LIPID METABOLISM IN HYPERLIPIDEMIC MICEHui-chun Xie1,2, Hong-Ping Han1,2, Zhi Chen1, Jian-Ping He2*1The Key Laboratory of Education Ministry on Environments and Resources in Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai-NormalUniversity, 38 West Wusi Road, Xining, 810008; 2Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang’an Road,Xi'an,710062* E-Mail: ghxrt4219112@163.comAbstractBackground: The content of resveratrol is relatively high in Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc., and the resveratrol has the effect of blood vesseldilating, microcirculation improving, platelet aggregation inhibiting and anti-cancer. The objective of this paper was to study the effect ofresveratrol on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia mice.Materials and Methods: Through the establishment of an experimental mouse model of hyperlipidemia, the effect of resveratrol on change in totalcholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels in mouseserum were determined.Results: Resveratrol group can apparently reduce TC, TG, LDL-c and AI of hyperlipidemic mice in a dose effect manner.Conclusion: We concluded that resveratrol can effectively reduce blood lipid levels of hyperlipidemic mice.Keywords: Resveratrol; hyperlipidemia; TC; TG; HDL-c; LDL-cIntroductionResveratrol is a polyphenolic compound widespread in liliaceous, polygonaceous, leguminous plants, as well as grape skins, peanuts, anda variety of medicinal plants. Its content is relatively high in Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc, a Chinese medicinal plant (Tyler, 1997; Jang etal., 1997). Modern pharmacological studies have revealed the apparent pharmacological effects of resveratrol on the cardio-cerebrovascularsystem, which has the blood vessel dilating, microcirculation improving, platelet aggregation inhibiting, anti-cancer, and anti-oxidant functions(Fauconneau et al., 1997; Wnag et al., 2002; Liang et al., 1996; Xu et al., 2006; Li et al., 2009; Hyun et al 2004) . Previous studies explored thelipid-lowering effect of resveratrol by treating mice with relatively high doses of resveratrol. In this study however, mice fed with a high fat dietwere treated with relatively low doses of resveratrol in order to observe the effects of resveratrol on their serum and liver lipid levels.Materials and methodsInstruments and reagentsResveratrol was extracted from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. identified by Professor Jiang Hehua from Qinghai University, andthe number is 2012-1001-05. During the experiment, the resveratrol was prepared to the suspensions of desired concentrations with distilled water.Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)kits were purchased from the BioSino Bio-technology & Science Inc., Beijing. Optical microscope, ECOM-F6124 semi-automatic biochemicalanalyzer, high-speed tabletop centrifuge were also used.Experimental animals50 KM Mice, male (provided by the China Medical University), weighing 18-22 g, were fed ad libitum before the experiment. All experimentalprocedures were approved by the Animal Research Ethics Committee of Shanxi Medical College University.Xie et al., Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. (2014) 11(1):209-212http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v11i1.33210Preparation of high-fat dietThe formula of high-fat diet was 1% cholesterol, 0.3% sodium cholate, 10% lard, and 88.7% basal feed.Grouping and processingThe mice were randomly divided into five groups, i.e., a basic control group and four experimental groups (n = 10). All mice wereadaptively fed for 4 days ad libitum; temperature was controlled between 18-22℃. After adaptation, the high-fat group was fed with a high fatdiet for 4 weeks, then 0.5 mL of venous blood was collected from the inner canthus, serum was separated, and TC level was determined. The micewere randomly divided into the high-fat group, resveratrol low-, medium- and high-dose groups according to the TC level. The basic controlgroup was fed a normal diet, and the high-fat group was continued to be fed with a high fat diet. The resveratrol treatment groups (low-, medium-and high-dose groups) were intragastrically administered with 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg of resveratrol, respectively, and the basic control group andthe high-fat control group were given an equal volume of 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution. Feeding was continued for 6consecutive weeks.Test indicesBefore killing, the animals were fasted for 12 h. Blood was collected from the eyeballs and serum was separated. Then, the animals werekilled, and livers were removed quickly and placed in a -70℃ refrigerator for later use. Serum indices: serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride(TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels were determined in strict accordancewith the kit instructions.Statistical processingAnalysis of variance on experimental data was conducted using SPSS13 software. Test criterion α = 0.05. ResultsEffect of resveratrol on body weight of hyperlipidemic model miceThere were no statistically significant differences in changes in body weight of the mice in each group before and after the experiment(Table 1).Table 1: Effect of resveratrol on body weight of hyperlipidemic mice (x—±s，n=10)Group Dose (mg / kg) Body weight before experiment Body weight after experiment Amount of changeBasic control group 42.2±2.3 50.3±3.2 8.1±1.8High-fatControl group42.5±3.1 50.9±3.5 8.4±0.910 43.2±3.4 52.3±4.5 9.1±2.320 42.7±2.5 49.4±4.6 6.7±2.8Resveratrol group40 41.9±3.6 49.8±3.9 7.9±2.4Effect of resveratrol on pathological change of liver in miceMacroscopically, the livers of mice in the high-fat group were greasy, yellowish, with prominent facets; the edges were not smooth, andgrainy. The severity of hepatic steatosis in mice of the high-fat group was higher than that of each resveratrol treatment group. As can be seenfrom Figure 1, the pathological sections of mouse livers show that the liver cells of mice in each experimental group were basically normal,without occurrence of inflammatory cell infiltration, and fat vacuoles were present in only a small number of liver cells.Xie et al., Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. (2014) 11(1):209-212http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v11i1.33211Effect of resveratrol on lipid levels in miceCompared with the basic control group, serum TC, LDL-C levels significantly increased in the high-fat group. TC levels of eachresveratrol treatment group were relatively low compared with the high-fat group, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.Normal control group High-fat group High-fat + resveratrol groupFigure 1: Pathological sections of livers of mice in each experimental groupFigure 2: Changes in lipid levels (TC, TG) in mice of each groupFigure 3: Changes in lipid levels (LDL-C, HDL-C) in mice of each groupDiscussionHyperlipidemia is crucial for the induction of atherosclerosis and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Clinically, arteriosclerosis index (AI)and TG level are often used as important criteria for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Plasma LDL combines with the proteoglycans in theXie et al., Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. (2014) 11(1):209-212http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v11i1.33212arterial wall to produce insoluble precipitate, stimulating the proliferation of fibrous tissue, and thus causes the atherosclerotic plaque. Serum totalcholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) are commonlyused indices, reflecting the body’s lipid metabolism. Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc, Radix Polygoni Multiflori and other Chinesemedicines rich in resveratrol have long been used in folk medicine for the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis. Studieshave found that resveratrol can lower the liver lipid levels in rats, and reduce triglyceride synthesis in mouse liver (Garcia-Garcia et al., 1999;Gronbaek et al., 2000; Doeherty et al., 1999).In this experiment, mouse model of hyperlipidemia has been successfully established using a high-fat diet. Compared with the normalcontrol group, serum TG, TC levels, as well as TG level in liver tissue were significantly increased in mice of the model group. The resveratrolgroup can significantly reduce the TC, TG, LDL-c and AI in hyperlipidemic mice in a dose effect manner. This may be due to the phenolichydroxyls contained in resveratrol, through oxidation. Cholesterol is suppressed and unsaturated fatty acids are oxidized. Platelet aggregation issuppressed, accumulation of cholesterol and fat in the blood is prevented, and peripheral blood circulation is improved, thus exerting thehyperlipidemia preventing and atherosclerosis inhibiting effects.AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by the integration and demonstration of repair protection technology in Qilian wetlands ecosystem2012BAC08B04 and the research on hypolipidemic material base of Rhubard 2013-Z-053References1. Doeherty, JJ, Fu MM, Stiffler BS, Limperos RJ. Pokabla CM, Delucia AL. (1999) Resveratrol inhibition of herpes simplex replication.Antiviarl Res, 43: 145-1552. Fauconneau B, Waffo-Teguo P, Huguet F, Barrier L, Decendit A, Merillon JM. (1997) Comparative study of radical scavenger andantioxidant properties of phenolic compounds from Vitis vinifera cell cultures using in vitro tests.Life Sciences, 61: 2103-21103. Garcia-Garcia J, Micol V, deGodos A, Gómez-Fernández JC. (1999) The cancer chemoPerventive agent resveratrol is incorporated into modelmembranes and inhibitis Protein kniase C alpha aetivity. Acrh Bioehem BioPhys, 372: 382-38864. Gronbaek M, Beeker U, Johnasen D, Gottschau A, Schnohr P, Hein HO, Jensen G, Sørensen TI. (2000) TyPe of alcool consumed andmortality from all causes，coronary heart disease，and cancer.Annal of lntemal Medecine, 133: 411-4195. Hyun J, Jai WS, Bong HL. (2004) Syntheses and radical scavenging activities of resveratrol derivatives.Bioorganic & Medicinal ChemistRYLetters, 14: 463-4666. Jang M, Cai L, Udeani GO, Slowing KV, Thomas CF, Beecher CW, Fong HH, Farnsworth NR, Kinghorn AD, Mehta RG, Moon RC, PezzutoJM. (1997) Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, anatural product derived from grapes. Science, 275: 218-2207. Liang Rong-neng, Mo Zhi-xian. (1996) Anti-free radical effect of polydatin on cerebral ischemic injury. Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin,12(2): 129-1318. Li XH, Yin RL, Song M. (2009) Effects of Resveratrol on PPAR Gamma mRNA Expression in Heart of Hyperlipidemia Rats. ActaNutrimenta Sinica, 31(1): 91-939. Tyler VE. (1997) Grape expectations (compound in grapes may fight cancer ;includes related article on grape-seed extract and on E china cea).Prevention, 49(6): 80-8410. Wnag ZR, HunagYZ, Zou JG. (2002) Eeffcts of red wine and wine polyphenol resveratrol on platelet aggregation in vivo and in vitro. Int JMol Med, 9: 77-7911. Xu D, Zhu MY, Luo L, Zhou GY, Huang YM. (2006) Effect of resveratrol on the antioxidant capacity of liver in aging mice. Chinese Journalof Public Health, 22(4): 467-468

English

A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF RESVERATROL ON LIPID METABOLISM IN HYPERLIPIDEMIC MICE

Background: The content of resveratrol is relatively high in Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc., and the resveratrol has the effect of blood vessel dilating, microcirculation improving, platelet aggregation inhibiting and anti-cancer. The objective of this paper was to study the effect of resveratrol on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia mice.Materials andMethods: Through the establishment of an experimental mouse model of hyperlipidemia, the effect of resveratrol on change in total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels in mouse serum were determined.Results: Resveratrol group can apparently reduce TC, TG, LDL-c and AI of hyperlipidemic mice in a dose effect manner.Conclusion: We concluded that resveratrol can effectively reduce blood lipid levels of hyperlipidemic mice.Keywords: Resveratrol; hyperlipidemia; TC; TG; HDL-c; LDL-

A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF RESVERATROL ON LIPID METABOLISM IN HYPERLIPIDEMIC MICE

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