Amplitude-frequency response of a helically-wound fiber distributed acoustic sensor (DAS)

The goals of this study were to analyze the capabilities of DAS (distributed sensors) in resolving mining problems, compare them with existing seismoacoustic data collection systems, and prepare the basis for conducting seismoacoustic studies with recording by a fiber optic distributed system. This paper considers the capabilities of recording seismoacoustic responses using fiber optic distributed acoustic systems (DAS). Based on physical and geometrical analysis, the amplitude-frequency responses (characteristics) of recorded longitudinal waves for straight and helically-wound fibers were obtained. In the case of helically-wound fiber, the frequency response depends on several key factors: integrating the measured value along the fiber based on the measurement; the angle of incidence on the cable; and the winding angle of the fiber in the cable. An increase in the winding angle increases the uniformity of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of longitudinal waves both in terms of frequencies and angles of incidence. At the same time, helical winding changes the effective response spacing (gauge length). This makes it possible, by summing the responses of the straight and helically-wound fibers due to the overlap of the spectra, to record frequencies that are suppressed in case of separate recording. Based on the study results, a cable design was proposed to record broadband seismoacoustic responses enabling a wide range of mining and engineering problems to be resolved, and for seismic surveys both in wells and on the surface to be carried out

Институт главы государства в механизме укрепления государственного единства и правопорядка (теоретико-историческое и конституционно-правовое осмысление)

The subject. The article investigates historical legal, theoretical-methodological and constitutional-legal problems of the formation and functioning of the institute of the head of state.The purpose of the study is to show how the constitutional functions of the head of state concretize his powers.The study is based on the use of methods of analysis and synthesis, historical legal, formal legal, comparative legal methods, scientific abstraction.The main scientific results. The authors summarize that the historical and legal analysis shows the key role of the head of state in the mechanism of ensuring state unity and law and order. Reality testifies the fact that the role of the President of the Russian Federation creates sufficient constitutional and legal grounds and conditions for the consolidated work of all state authorities, including law enforcement agencies, in the direction of ensuring the unity of state power and constitutional law and order. The indicated directions are in many ways identical, organically interrelated and interdependent, systematically define the main lines of activity of the head of state, contributing to the improvement of the constitutional and legal mechanism for ensuring the rule of law in general. Firstly, the Constitution of the Russian Federation contains only the basic powers of the President of the Russian Federation, which are substantially expanded by the legislator and presidential decrees. Secondly, the President has so-called “hidden”, discretionary powers that are not directly enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, implicit in it and stem from the sense of presidential functions that manifest themselves in unforeseen extraordinary circumstances. Thus, the constitutional design of a strong presidential power allows the President of the Russian Federation to ensure the unity of the executive power and the exercise of the powers of the federal government throughout the territory of Russia (pt. 4 of Art. 78 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation). Such presidential power is carried out through the issuance of its decrees and orders, the adoption of operational and administrative decisions.Conclusions. The authors noted that the effectiveness of the work of the head of state is especially evident in the state unity and the constitutional and legal mechanism for ensuring the rule of law, which is developed in the constitutional doctrine.Исследуются историко-правовые, теоретико-методологические и конституционно-правовые проблемы формирования и функционирования института главы государства. Делается вывод, что статус Президента РФ создает достаточные конституционно-правовые основания и условия для консолидированной работы всех органов государственной власти, включая правоохранительные структуры, в направлении обеспечения единства государственной власти и конституционного правопорядка

Позднемезозойские адакитовые граниты южного обрамления восточного звена Монголо-Охотского орогенного пояса: вещественный состав, геодинамические условия формирования

Granitoids of the Magdagachi complex were studied using new and published petrochemical, geochemical and isotopic (Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr) data. Granitoid samples were taken from the southern frame of the eastern flank of the Mongol-Okhotsk orogenic belt (MOOB). Their analysis shows increased concentrations of Sr, Ba, Eu; reduced concentrations of Nb, Ta; abnormally low concentrations of HREE, Y and Yb; significant fractionation of REE; and high Sr/Y ratios. Therefore, the Magdagachi granitoids are "classical" adakites that may have formed at a depth of more than 45 km due to melting of eclogite with a garnet content of 20–50 %. Such conditions could exist under subduction as a result of melting of the frontal or lateral parts of the slab in subduction windows formed during oblique subduction at an orthogonal sinking angle. Highly metamorphosed lower crust Precambrian formations were also melted, and a source of parental melts could have been composed of both the mantle and crustal materials. Two tectonic scenarios are proposed that could have been accompanied by the formation of Magdagachi granitoids. Both scenarios refer to subduction processes, but differ in interactions between various regional structures in the Late Mesozoic. Согласно новым и уже опубликованным петрохимическим, геохимическим и изотопным (Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr) данным, для гранитоидов магдагачинского комплекса южного обрамления восточного звена Монголо-Охотского орогенного пояса установлено, что они характеризуются повышенными концентрациями Sr, Ba, Eu и пониженными содержаниями Nb, Ta, аномально низкими концентрациями HREE, Y и Yb; значительным фракционированием редкоземельных элементов; высокими соотношениями Sr/Y. Эти данные говорят о принадлежности пород комплекса к «классическим» адакитам. Предполагается, что они формировались на глубине более 45 км за счет плавления эклогита с содержанием граната 20–50 %. Такие условия могли существовать в обстановке субдукции в результате плавления фронтальной составляющей или боковых частей слэба в субдукционных окнах, образующихся при косой субдукции и ортогональном угле погружения. При этом плавлению подвергались также высокометаморфизованные нижнекоровые докембрийские образования, а в составе источника родоначальных расплавов принимало участие как мантийное, так и коровое вещество. Предложено два тектонических сценария, которые могли сопровождаться становлением гранитоидов магдагачинского комплекса. Оба сценария соответствуют условиям субдукционных процессов, но отличаются взаимодействием различных региональных структур в позднемезозойское время.

Problems of semiotics of diseases of the Achilles tendon in clinical and educational aspects

Achilles tendon disorders are represented by a big group of heterogenous in etiology and pathogenesis conditions, that are quite frequent in patients of various age groups. The diversity of this group of orthopedic disorders and the insufficient information provided on this topic in specialized literature leads to confusion in terminology, which, in turn, leads to misunderstanding the essence of patient’s problem and to mistakes in treatment of such patients.We carried out a content-analysis of contemporary Russian and foreign literature to summarize the existing knowledge and to create the universal nomenclature of the studied pathological conditions for further correct understanding of the problem and creation of classification of disorders and injuries of Achilles tendon

Tuberculosis among children in Ural Federal District Condition and problems

In the article there are given tendencies of the index of tuberculosis incidence among children, results of activity of the institutions of general medical system and antituberculosis service of prevention and detection of tubercular infection among children in Ural Federal District. There are described the trends of optimization of antituberculosis activities in the sphere of prevention and detection of tuberculosis among children.В статье представлены тенденции показателя заболеваемости туберкулезом детей, результаты деятельности учреждений общей лечебной сети и противотуберкулезной службы по предупреждению и выявлению туберкулезной инфекции среди детского населения в Уральском федеральном округе. Определены направления оптимизации противотуберкулезной работы в области профилактики и выявления туберкулеза среди детей

Difficulties in the diagnosis of tuberculosis of the meninges in children of early age

This article discusses three clinical cases of meninges tuberculosis in young childrenВ этой статье рассматриваются три клинических случая туберкулеза мозговых оболочек у детей раннего возраст

The institute of head of the state in the mechanism of strengthening state unity and the rule of law (theoretical-historical and constitutional-legal interpretation)

The subject. The article investigates historical legal, theoretical-methodological and constitutional-legal problems of the formation and functioning of the institute of the head of state.The purpose of the study is to show how the constitutional functions of the head of state concretize his powers.The study is based on the use of methods of analysis and synthesis, historical legal, formal legal, comparative legal methods, scientific abstraction.The main scientific results. The authors summarize that the historical and legal analysis shows the key role of the head of state in the mechanism of ensuring state unity and law and order. Reality testifies the fact that the role of the President of the Russian Federation creates sufficient constitutional and legal grounds and conditions for the consolidated work of all state authorities, including law enforcement agencies, in the direction of ensuring the unity of state power and constitutional law and order. The indicated directions are in many ways identical, organically interrelated and interdependent, systematically define the main lines of activity of the head of state, contributing to the improvement of the constitutional and legal mechanism for ensuring the rule of law in general. Firstly, the Constitution of the Russian Federation contains only the basic powers of the President of the Russian Federation, which are substantially expanded by the legislator and presidential decrees. Secondly, the President has so-called “hidden”, discretionary powers that are not directly enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, implicit in it and stem from the sense of presidential functions that manifest themselves in unforeseen extraordinary circumstances. Thus, the constitutional design of a strong presidential power allows the President of the Russian Federation to ensure the unity of the executive power and the exercise of the powers of the federal government throughout the territory of Russia (pt. 4 of Art. 78 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation). Such presidential power is carried out through the issuance of its decrees and orders, the adoption of operational and administrative decisions.Conclusions. The authors noted that the effectiveness of the work of the head of state is especially evident in the state unity and the constitutional and legal mechanism for ensuring the rule of law, which is developed in the constitutional doctrine

Parental sources of high-alumina alkaline melts: Nd, Sr, Pb, and O isotopic evidence from the Devonian Kiya-Shaltyr gabbro-urtite intrusion, South Siberia

The isotope geochemistry (Nd(t) 4.8–5.4, 206Pb/204Pbin 18.05–18.36, 207Pb/204Pbin 15.53–15.57, 208Pb/204Pbin 37.59–37.83, 87Sr/86Sr(t) 0.7048–0.7057, 18OSMOW 8–10.5‰) and trace element compositio of the Kiya–Shaltyr gabbro–urtite pluton allow us to suggest a heterogeneous source and complex geodynamic settings of the Devonian alkali magmatism in the Kuznetsk Alatau. It is assumed that its evolution took place under conditions of partial mingling of matter of the depleted (PREMA) and enriched (EM) mantle with crustal contamination of the evolving melt. Such an interaction could have been a result of superposition of a mantle plume and an active margin (IOB and IAB components). In fold belts this led to the formation of hybrid high-alumina foidoite magmas

Late Mesozoic adakite granites of the southern frame of the eastern flank of the Mongol-Okhotsk orogenic belt: material composition and geodynamic conditions of formation

Granitoids of the Magdagachi complex were studied using new and published petrochemical, geochemical and isotopic (Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr) data. Granitoid samples were taken from the southern frame of the eastern flank of the Mongol-Okhotsk orogenic belt (MOOB). Their analysis shows increased concentrations of Sr, Ba, Eu; reduced concentrations of Nb, Ta; abnormally low concentrations of HREE, Y and Yb; significant fractionation of REE; and high Sr/Y ratios. Therefore, the Magdagachi granitoids are "classical" adakites that may have formed at a depth of more than 45 km due to melting of eclogite with a garnet content of 20–50 %. Such conditions could exist under subduction as a result of melting of the frontal or lateral parts of the slab in subduction windows formed during oblique subduction at an orthogonal sinking angle. Highly metamorphosed lower crust Precambrian formations were also melted, and a source of parental melts could have been composed of both the mantle and crustal materials. Two tectonic scenarios are proposed that could have been accompanied by the formation of Magdagachi granitoids. Both scenarios refer to subduction processes, but differ in interactions between various regional structures in the Late Mesozoic