Foraging behaviour and fuel accumulation of capital breeders during spring migration as derived from a combination of satellite- and ground-based observations

The work was supported by Aarhus Univ., Denmark, the Norwegian Research Council (project MIGRAPOP, granted to I. Tombre) and the Schure-Beijerinck-Popping Fund (granted to BAN).The migration strategy of many capital breeders is to garner body stores along the flyway at distinct stopover sites. The rate at which they can fuel is likely to be strongly influenced by a range of factors, such as physiology, food availability, time available for foraging and perceived predation. We analysed the foraging behaviour and fuel accumulation of pink-footed geese, an Arctic capital breeder, at their mid-flyway spring stopover site and evaluated to what extent their behaviour and fuelling were related to physiological and external factors and how it differed from other stopovers along the flyway. We found that fuel accumulation rates of geese at the mid-flyway site were limited by habitat availability rather than by digestive constraints. However, as the time available for foraging increased over the stopover season, geese were able to keep constant fuelling rate. Putting this in perspective, geese increased their daily net energy intake along the flyway corresponding to the increase in time available for foraging. The net energy intake per hour of foraging remained the same. Geese showed differences in their reaction to predators/disturbance between the sites, taking higher risks particularly at the final stopover site. Hence, perceived predation along the flyway may force birds to postpone the final fuel accumulation to the last stopover along the flyway. Flexibility in behaviour appears to be an important trait to ensure fitness in this capital breeder. Our findings are based on a new, improved method for estimating fuel accumulation of animals foraging in heterogeneous landscapes based on data obtained from satellite telemetry and habitat specific intake rates.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

AgentSeal : agent-based model describing movement of marine central-place foragers

Acknowledgement This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 746602. GA and SB have been partly funded by Gemini Wind park and the NWO (project ALWPP.2017.003). We would like to thank J. Grecian, D. Thomson, M. Fedak, M. Carter, D. Russell, A. Hall, J. Ransijn, H. Vance and M. Civil for help in model design.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

RENAL TRANSPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH LUPUS NEPHRITIS

Zahvaćanje bubrega teška je komplikacija sistemskog eritemskog lupusa, praćena visokim pobolijevanjem i smrtnošću. Do razvoja lupusnog nefritisa dolazi u do 60% oboljelih, a unatoč primjeni novih i potentnijih terapijskih protokola u 5 do 22% ove specifične populacije razvije se završni stadij kronične bubrežne bolesti unutar 15 godina od postavljanja dijagnoze. Kako je SLE ponajprije vezan uz mlađu životnu dob, izuzetno je važno odabrati optimalan modalitet nadomještanja bubrežne funkcije. Brojne su studije provedene ne bi li se odgovorilo na kontroverzna pitanja vezana uz ovu specifičnu populaciju. Veća sklonost infekcijama, rizik od povratka osnovne bolesti u presadak, nedefinirani kriteriji praćenja aktivnosti bolesti nakon transplantacije te veća učestalost epizoda odbacivanja i trombotskih događaja rizični su čimbenici zbog kojih se ovoj skupini dugo vremena onemogućavalo liječenje transplantacijom. Rezultati studija nedvojbeno pokazuju da je dugoročno preživljenje podjednako u liječenih hemodijalizom i peritonealnom dijalizom, no transplantacija bubrega nametnula se kao mnogo bolja metoda koja omogućava dulje preživljenje i veću kvalitetu života, umanjujući istodobno aktivnost samog SLE-a. Iako postoje brojna neistražena i neodgovorena pitanja vezana uz zbrinjavanje ove imunosno vrlo osjetljive i zahtjevne skupine bolesnika, pažljiva skrb prije i nakon transplantacije te uska suradnja nefrologa i imunologa omogućavaju dobar ishod uz znatno povećanje kvalitete života.Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), associated with high morbidity and mortality. Up to 60% of SLE patients develop LN, and despite novel and potent therapeutic regimens, 5 to 22% develop end-stage renal disease within 15 years of diagnosis. While LN primarily affects younger individuals, it is important to choose optimal method of renal replacement therapy for those who develop end-stage renal disease. Numerous studies were carried out trying to solve problems of treatment of patients with LN. Increased risk of infections, disease recurrence in renal allograft, undefined criteria for follow-up of disease activity after transplantation, as well as higher incidence of rejection episodes and thrombotic events are well known risks which have postponed and restricted access to transplantation for patients with LN for long-time. However, numerous studies have demonstrated similar long-term survival in patients treated with haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, with clear superiority of renal transplantation regarding the prolonged survival and better quality of life for SLE patients. Many questions are still waiting for answers. Close cooperation between nephrologists and immunologists provides the best treatment for SLE patients with end-stage renal disease

Foraging behaviour and fuel accumulation of capital breeders during spring migration as derived from a combination of satellite- and ground-based observations

The migration strategy of many capital breeders is to garner body stores along the flyway at distinct stopover sites. The rate at which they can fuel is likely to be strongly influenced by a range of factors, such as physiology, food availability, time available for foraging and perceived predation. We analysed the foraging behaviour and fuel accumulation of pink-footed geese, an Arctic capital breeder, at their mid-flyway spring stopover site and evaluated to what extent their behaviour and fuelling were related to physiological and external factors and how it differed from other stopovers along the flyway. We found that fuel accumulation rates of geese at the mid-flyway site were limited by habitat availability rather than by digestive constraints. However, as the time available for foraging increased over the stopover season, geese were able to keep constant fuelling rate. Putting this in perspective, geese increased their daily net energy intake along the flyway corresponding to the increase in time available for foraging. The net energy intake per hour of foraging remained the same. Geese showed differences in their reaction to predators/disturbance between the sites, taking higher risks particularly at the final stopover site. Hence, perceived predation along the flyway may force birds to postpone the final fuel accumulation to the last stopover along the flyway. Flexibility in behaviour appears to be an important trait to ensure fitness in this capital breeder. Our findings are based on a new, improved method for estimating fuel accumulation of animals foraging in heterogeneous landscapes based on data obtained from satellite telemetry and habitat specific intake rates.</p