Scaling violation in the fragmentation region of inclusive nucleon spektrum

Spectra of cosmic ray showers associated with hadrons of various energies from 5 to 80 TeV were investigated. Results could be interpreted as scaling violation in the fragmentation region of secondary particles generated in inelastic interactions of primary protons at the energy above 30 TeV

The neutron 'thunder' accompanying the extensive air shower

Simulations show that neutrons are the most abundant component among extensive air shower hadrons. However, multiple neutrons which appear with long delays in neutron monitors nearby the EAS core ('neutron thunder') are mostly not the neutrons of the shower, but have a secondary origin. The bulk of them is produced by high energy EAS hadrons hitting the monitors. The delays are due to the termalization and diffusion of neutrons in the moderator and reflector of the monitor accompanied by the production of secondary gamma-quanta. This conclusion raises the important problem of the interaction of EAS with the ground, the stuff of the detectors and their environment since they have often hydrogen containing materials like polyethilene in neutron monitors. Such interaction can give an additional contribution to the signal in the EAS detectors. It can be particularly important for the signals from scintillator or water tank detectors at km-long distances from the EAS core where neutrons of the shower become the dominant component after a few mcsec behind the EAS front.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted by J.Phys.G: Nucl.Part.Phy

Method for phase boundary structure control of laminated materials; destruction process investigations of nanostructured coatings with predetermined phase boundary texture

New surface texturing method by means of microplasma coating deposition with the following etching of the coating was shown and described. The method of step by step microplasma texturing was proposed to control the phase boundary of laminated materials. Micrographs of nanostructured inorganic non-metallic coating surface were obtained and analyzed before and after mechanical deformation. The nature of cracks formation and growth was investigated

Activation of phase boundary and current-generating processes in plasma-electrochemical systems

This paper reviews and presents the principles for implementing

Construction of layered structures on valve metal alloys by microplasma oxidation

Process of layered structure materials creation based on aluminum alloys is presented. Microplasma texturing method, microplasma oxidation method and chemical metallization method were used to create these structures. Non-conductive nonmetallic inorganic coatings were produced by microplasma oxidation method. Obtained structures showed high durability under thermal stress loads due to substrate metal - non-conductive nonmetallic inorganic coating phase boundary texturing

X-ray film chamber with carbon target of Tien-Shan complex array

X-ray films were exposed inside the ionization calorimeter under 74g/sq cm of carbon and 5 cm of lead. The X-ray film chamber area is 35 sq. m. Moving X-ray films were used, 50% of the events, which succeeded to determine incidence time, were identified with corresponding extensive air showers (EAS). For such events the size spectrum of associated EAS was derived. Two methods of energy measurement using X-ray films and ionization calorimeter were compared. The energy transfer from selected hadron to electromagnetic component is illustrated. It is found that in cascades with high energy release into electromagnetic components the hadron component is practically absent

Seed Layer Assisted Hydrothermal Deposition of Low-resistivity ZnO Thin Films

In this work, we describe the combination of hydrothermal and atomic layer deposition (ALD) for growing low-resistivity ZnO polycrystalline continuous films. The effect of the thickness of ALD seed layers on the morphology of the hydrothermal ZnO films was studied. It was shown that ZnO films hydrothermally deposited on very thin seed layer consist of separate nanorods but in the case of 20 nm seed layer ZnO films transform to uniform continuous layers comprising of closely packed vertically aligned crystallites. Photoluminescence spectra were shown to exhibit broad band behavior in the visible range, corresponding to radiative recombination processes via oxygen defects of ZnO crystalline lattice, and narrow band in the UV region, associated with band-to-band recombination processes. It was shown that the resistivity of the obtained ZnO films is decreased gradually with the increase of ZnO films thickness and determined by the presence of crystal lattice defects in the seed layer. Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017