Tipo: Inovação e mudança no português brasileiro

Este artigo apresenta um relato empírico de variação sincrônica no uso do substantivo tipo no português vernáculo do Brasil. A inovação em seu uso, documentada pela primeira vez por Bittencourt (1999), sugere que tipo pode estar executando funções além das de um substantivo. Para investigar a inovação em seu uso, este estudo se concentra na fala de adolescentes nascidos e criados no Rio de Janeiro. Embora este grupo tenha demonstrado estar na vanguarda da inovação linguística (D’Arcy 2005; Tagliamonte 2016; Tagliamonte & D’Arcy 2009), pesquisas sobre a fala de adolescentes ainda são escassas no Brasil. Este artigo tem como objetivo preencher essa lacuna apresentando os resultados de duas análises de dados empíricos coletados entre 2015 e 2018 (C. P. Thompson & Onosson 2016). Os resultados indicam que tipo não é apenas proeminente no discurso dos participantes, mas também que formas não nominais de tipo são mais frequentemente usadas pelos falantes (97,98%) quando comparadas a sua forma nominal (2,02%). As descobertas sugerem que o uso não nominal de tipo é sistemático e linguisticamente definido: tipo é mais freqüentemente encontrado antes de orações ou precedendo um sintagma nominal. Os resultados também mostram que tipo está executando funções além das de substantivo, tais como preposição e advérbio

Upaya Peningkatan Pengetahuan Dan Keterampilan Ibu Bayi Tentang Makanan Pendamping Air Susu Ibu (Mp-Asi) di Posyandu Singosari Banyuanyar Surakarta

Complementary foods for breast milk (MP-ASI) is food or drink that contains nutrients other than breast milk, this is because breast milk is only able to meet two-thirds of the baby's needs at 6-9 months of age, and at 9-12 months it fulfills half of the baby's needs. Age under two years is a very important period as well as a critical period in the process of growth and development of babies both physically and intellectually, therefore every baby and child aged 6-24 months must obtain nutritional intake according to their needs. The survey results show that one of the causes of growth and development disorders for babies and children aged 6-24 months in Indonesia is the low quality of complementary foods and not according to the parenting style given so that some nutrients cannot meet the needs, especially energy and micronutrients, especially iron. (Fe) and Zinc (Zn). The purpose of this community service is that after receiving counseling, it is hoped that the baby's mother at Singosari Banyuanyar Surakarta Posyandu can be understanding about complementary foods so that the baby's nutrition is fulfilled and can make complementary foods themselves. This community service activity got results, namely counseling followed by 15 mommies which were held on July 17, 2020, at Singosari RW 05 Posyandu. This community service activity received a good response. Posyandu babies' mothers know more about complementary foods. This can be seen from the results of the question and answer, where before counseling about complementary foods, posyandu babies do not understand complementary foods, but after counseling about complementary breastfeeding, posyandu babies become more aware of complementary foods with value. the average knowledge of complementary foods increased by 80%

Digital modulation of the nickel valence state in a cuprate-nickelate heterostructure

Layer-by-layer oxide molecular beam epitaxy has been used to synthesize cuprate-nickelate multilayer structures of composition (La$_2$CuO$_4$)$_m$/LaO/(LaNiO$_3$)$_n$. In a combined experimental and theoretical study, we show that these structures allow a clean separation of dopant and doped layers. Specifically, the LaO layer separating cuprate and nickelate blocks provides an additional charge that, according to density functional theory calculations, is predominantly accommodated in the interfacial nickelate layers. This is reflected in an elongation of bond distances and changes in valence state, as observed by scanning transmission electron microscopy and x-ray absorption spectroscopy. Moreover, the predicted charge disproportionation in the nickelate interface layers leads to a thickness-dependent metal-to-insulator transition for $n=2$, as observed in electrical transport measurements. The results exemplify the perspectives of charge transfer in metal-oxide multilayers to induce doping without introducing chemical and structural disorder

COVID-19 health misinformation: using design-based research to develop a theoretical framework for intervention

Purpose: Because health misinformation pertaining to COVID-19 is a serious threat to public health, the purpose of this study is to develop a framework to guide an online intervention into some of the drivers of health misinformation online. This framework can be iterated upon through the use of design-based research to continue to develop further interventions as needed. Design/methodology/approach: Using design-based research methods, in this paper, the authors develop a theoretical framework for addressing COVID-19 misinformation. Using a heuristic analysis of research on vaccine misinformation and hesitancy, the authors propose a framework for education interventions that use the narrative effect of transportation as a means to increase knowledge of the drivers of misinformation online. Findings: This heuristic analysis determined that a key element of narrative transportation includes orientation towards particular audiences. Research indicates that mothers are the most significant household decision-makers with respect to vaccines and family health in general; the authors suggest narrative interventions should be tailored specifically to meet their interests and tastes, and that this may be different for mothers of different backgrounds and cultural communities. Originality/value: While there is a significant body of literature on vaccine hesitancy and vaccine misinformation, more research is needed that helps people understand the ways in which misinformation works upon social media users. The framework developed in this research guided the development of an education intervention meant to facilitate this understanding

Confirmation Sampling for Exact Nearest Neighbor Search

Locality-sensitive hashing (LSH), introduced by Indyk and Motwani in STOC ’98, has been an extremely influential framework for nearest neighbor search in high-dimensional data sets. While theoretical work has focused on the approximate nearest neighbor problem, in practice LSH data structures with suitably chosen parameters are used to solve the exact nearest neighbor problem (with some error probability). Sublinear query time is often possible in practice even for exact nearest neighbor search, intuitively because the nearest neighbor tends to be significantly closer than other data points. However, theory offers little advice on how to choose LSH parameters outside of pre-specified worst-case settings. We introduce the technique of confirmation sampling for solving the exact nearest neighbor problem using LSH. First, we give a general reduction that transforms a sequence of data structures that each find the nearest neighbor with a small, unknown probability, into a data structure that returns the nearest neighbor with probability 1−δ , using as few queries as possible. Second, we present a new query algorithm for the LSH Forest data structure with L trees that is able to return the exact nearest neighbor of a query point within the same time bound as an LSH Forest of Ω(L) trees with internal parameters specifically tuned to the query and data

A Composite HST Spectrum of Quasars

We construct a composite quasar spectrum from 284 HST FOS spectra of 101 quasars with redshifts z > 0.33. The spectrum covers the wavelengths between 350 and 3000 A in the rest frame. There is a significant steepening of the continuum slope around 1050 A. The continuum between 1050 and 2200 A can be modeled as a power law with alpha = -0.99. For the full sample the power-law index in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) between 350 and 1050 A is alpha = -1.96. The continuum flux in the wavelengths near the Lyman limit shows a depression of about 10 percent. The break in the power-law index and the slight depression of the continuum near the Lyman limit are features expected in Comptonized accretion-disk spectra.Comment: 10 figures To appear in the February 1, 1997, issue of the Ap.

Strain and composition dependence of the orbital polarization in nickelate superlattices

A combined analysis of x-ray absorption and resonant reflectivity data was used to obtain the orbital polarization profiles of superlattices composed of four-unit-cell-thick layers of metallic LaNiO3 and layers of insulating RXO3 (R=La, Gd, Dy and X=Al, Ga, Sc), grown on substrates that impose either compressive or tensile strain. This superlattice geometry allowed us to partly separate the influence of epitaxial strain from interfacial effects controlled by the chemical composition of the insulating blocking layers. Our quantitative analysis reveal orbital polarizations up to 25%. We further show that strain is the most effective control parameter, whereas the influence of the chemical composition of the blocking layers is comparatively small.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure

Increased Risk of Respiratory Mortality Associated with the High-Tech Manufacturing Industry: A 26-Year Study

Global high-tech manufacturers are mainly located in newly industrialized countries, raising concerns about adverse health consequences from industrial pollution for people living nearby. We investigated the ecological association between respiratory mortality and the development of Taiwan's high-tech manufacturing, taking into account industrialization and socioeconomic development, for 19 cities and counties-6 in the science park group and 13 in the control group-from 1982 to 2007. We applied a linear mixed-effects model to analyze how science park development over time is associated with age-adjusted and sex-specific mortality rates for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Asthma and female COPD mortality rates decreased in both groups, but they decreased 9%-16% slower in the science park group. Male COPD mortality rates increased in both groups, but the rate increased 10% faster in the science park group. Science park development over time was a significant predictor of death from asthma (p ≤ 0.0001) and COPD (p = 0.0212). The long-term development of clustered high-tech manufacturing may negatively affect nearby populations, constraining health advantages that were anticipated, given overall progress in living standards, knowledge, and health services. National governments should incorporate the long-term health effects on local populations into environmental impact assessments