44 research outputs found
Revista de Vertebrados de la EstaciĆ³n BiolĆ³gica de DoƱana
PĆ”gina 298 con error de impresiĆ³nEstudio cariolĆ³gico en dos especies de SerrĆ”nidos del MediterrĆ”neo (Peces: PerciformesRelaciones morfomĆ©tricas de Atherina boyeri Risso (Pisces: Atherinidae) de la laguna de ZoƱar (CĆ³rdoba, EspaƱa)ContribuciĆ³n al conocimiento de la biometrĆay osteologĆa de Barbus barbus bocagei, Steindachner, 1866 (Pisces: CyprinidaeLa actividad de la salamandra, Salamandra salamandra (L.), en Galicia.Estudios sobre el sapo corredor (Bufo calamita) en el Sur de EspaƱa.1. BiometrĆaEstudios sobre el sapo corredor (Bufo calamita) en el Sur de EspaƱa. II. AlimentaciĆ³nBiologĆa de la reproducciĆ³n de Rana iberica Boulenger 1879 en zonas simpĆ”tridas con Rana temporaria Linneo, 1758Nuevos datos sobre la distribuciĆ³n geogrĆ”fica de Lacerta monticola cantabrica Mertens, 1929. (Sauria, lacertidae).Datos sobre Lacerta monticola Boulenger, 1905 (Saurio: lacertidae)en el oeste del Sistema Central.Nueva especie de Anolis (lacertilia, Iguanidae) para CubaEtograma cuantificado del cortejo en Falco naumannOntogĆ©nesis del comportamiento predador en Falco naumanniContaminaciĆ³n xenobiĆ³tica del Parque Nacional de DoƱana. 1. Residuos de insecticidas organoclorados, bifenilos policlorados y mercurio en anseriformes y gruiformesReproducciĆ³n del crĆalo (Clamator glandarius) en Sierra Morena CentraNidificaciĆ³n de Picus viridis en taludes de arcilla en Ramblas de Guadix (Granada)Comportamiento del calamĆ³n Porphyrio porphyrio (Linnaeus, 1758) en DoƱana, Marismas del GuadalquiviBiologĆa y ecologĆa de la malvasĆa (Oxyura leucocephala) en AndalucĆa.On the differential diet of Carnivora in islands:a method for analysing it and a particular case.Notas sobre la distribuciĆ³n pasada y actual del meloncillo Herpestes ichneumon (L.) en la PenĆnsula IbĆ©ricaEstructuraciĆ³n de las interacciones en una camada de lobos (CanĆs lupus)Nuevos datos sobre la distribuciĆ³n del Cottus gobio L. (pisces, cottidae) en EspaƱaSobre la alimentaciĆ³n de Callopistes maculatus (Reptilia,teiidaeObservaciĆ³n de Lacerta lepida depredando un nido de Alectoris rufaNueva cita del galĆ”pago leproso Mauremys leprosa (Scheigger, 1812) en los pirineosPrimera cita de Psammodromus hispanicus (Fitzinger) para GaliciaSobre la presencia de Gallotia (=Lacerta) atlantica (Peters y Doria, 1882) en Gran CanariaNota sobre las Lacerta monticola Boulenger, 1905 de las zonas del norte de GaliciaPrimeras notas herpetolĆ³gicas de la provincia de Soria.Datos sobre selecciĆ³n de hĆ”bitat y ecologĆa alimenticia del porrĆ³n pardo (Aythya nyroca)Probable nueva Ć”rea de crĆa del pechiazul (Luscinia svecica cyanecula) en el sistema central. PerisPredaciĆ³n de Falco peregrinus y Falco subbuteo sobre quirĆ³pterosResultados de la producciĆ³n de Oxyura leucocephala en el aƱo 1981 en las lagunas de ZĆ³Ć±ar y el rincĆ³nAnĆ”lisis de la dieta de Tyto alba en un medio Ć”rido antropĆ³geno de los alrededores de AlmerĆaĀæSon Eudocimus ruber y E. albus distintas especies?EL Estornino pinto (Sturnus vulgaris) en Canarias: nueva especie nidifiante en el archipiĆ©lagoDatos sobre la alimentaciĆ³n otoƱal del cĆ”rabo (Strix aluco) en la sierra de CĆ”dizObservaciĆ³n primaveral de rapaces y otras aves en el pĆ”ramo del estado de MĆ©rida (Venezuela).MurciĆ©lago hematĆ³fago (Desmodus rotundus) parasitando a un chigĆ¼ire (Hidrochoerus hydrochaeris)Observaciones sobre la reproducciĆ³n del zacatuche o teporinho Romerolagus diazi (Mammalia: lagomorpha)Estudio electroforĆ©tico de hemoglobinas y esterasas sanguĆneas en Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (Chiroptera: rhinolophidae) y de hemoglobinas en Tadaria taeniotis (chiroptera: molossidae)Peer reviewe
TOLNet validation of satellite ozone profiles in the troposphere: impact of retrieval wavelengths
The Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (TOLNet) was used to validate retrievals of ozone (O3) profiles in the troposphere from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) ultraviolet (UV), Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) infrared (IR), and a combined UVā+āIR wavelength retrieval from TROPOMI/CrIS. Observations from six separate ground-based lidar systems and various locations of ozonesondes distributed throughout North America and in the Netherlands were used to quantify systematic bias and random errors for each satellite retrieval. Furthermore, TOLNet data were used to intercompare idealized UV, IR, and UVā+āIR convolved lidar profiles of O3 in the troposphere during case studies representative of high-O3 events. This study shows that the improved sensitivity and vertical resolution in UVā+āIR retrievals in the middle- and upper-troposphere resulted in tropospheric degree of freedom (DOF) values ā¼ā33ā% higher compared to UV- and IR-only retrievals. The increased DOFs in the UVā+āIR retrievals allowed for improved reproduction of mid- and upper-tropospheric O3 enhancements and, to a lesser degree, near-surface pollution enhancements compared to single-wavelength satellite products.
The validation of O3 profiles in the troposphere retrieved with the UV-only, IR-only, and UVā+āIR Tikhonov regularised Ozone Profile retrievAl with SCIATRAN (TOPAS) algorithm developed at the Institute for Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, demonstrated the utility of using TOLNet as a satellite evaluation data set. TOPAS UV-only, IR-only, and UVā+āIR wavelength retrievals had systematic biases, quantified with normalized mean bias, throughout the troposphere of 11.2āppb (22.1ā%), ā1.7āppb (ā0.3ā%), and 3.5āppb (7.8ā%), respectively, which meet the tropospheric systematic bias requirements defined by the science teams for the TROPOMI and CrIS sensors. The primary drivers of systematic bias were determined to be solar zenith angle, surface albedo, and cloud fraction. Random errors, representative of uncertainty in the retrievals and quantified by root mean squared errors (RMSEs), were large for all three retrievals, with UV-only, IR-only, and UVā+āIR wavelength retrievals having RMSEs throughout the troposphere of 17.4āppb (19.8ā% of mean tropospheric column values), 10.5āppb (12.6ā% of mean tropospheric column values), and 14.0āppb (14.6ā% of mean tropospheric column values), respectively. TOPAS UV-only profiles did not meet the uncertainty requirements defined for TROPOMI for the troposphere; however, CrIS IR-only retrievals did meet the uncertainty requirements defined by this mission. The larger random errors reflect the challenge of retrieving daily O3 profiles due to the limited sensitivity and vertical resolution of these retrievals in the troposphere. Tropospheric systematic biases and random error were lower in IR-only and combined UVā+āIR retrievals compared to UV-only products due to the increased sensitivity in the troposphere allowing the retrievals to deviate further from the a priori profiles. Observations from TOLNet demonstrated that the performance of the three satellite products varied by season and altitude in the troposphere. TOLNet was shown to result in similar validation statistics compared to ozonesonde data, which are a commonly used satellite evaluation data source, demonstrating that TOLNet is a sufficient source of satellite O3 profile validation data in the troposphere, which is critical as this data source is the primary product identified for the tropospheric O3 validation of the recently launched Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) mission.</p
European clinical guidelines for Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders. Part II: pharmacological treatment
To develop a European guideline on pharmacologic treatment of Tourette syndrome (TS) the available literature was thoroughly screened and extensively discussed by a working group of the European Society for the Study of Tourette syndrome (ESSTS). Although there are many more studies on pharmacotherapy of TS than on behavioral treatment options, only a limited number of studies meets rigorous quality criteria. Therefore, we have devised a two-stage approach. First, we present the highest level of evidence by reporting the findings of existing Cochrane reviews in this field. Subsequently, we provide the first comprehensive overview of all reports on pharmacological treatment options for TS through a MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE search for all studies that document the effect of pharmacological treatment of TS and other tic disorders between 1970 and November 2010. We present a summary of the current consensus on pharmacological treatment options for TS in Europe to guide the clinician in daily practice. This summary is, however, rather a status quo of a clinically helpful but merely low evidence guideline, mainly driven by expert experience and opinion, since rigorous experimental studies are scarce
Aerosol Backscatter and Extinction Retrieval from Airborne Coherent Doppler Wind Lidar Measurements
A novel method for coherent Doppler wind lidars (DWLs) calibration is shown in this work. Concurrent measurements of a ground based aerosol lidar operating at 532 nm and an airborne DWL at 2 Ī¼m are used in combination with sun photometer measurements for the retrieval of backscatter and extinction profiles.
The presented method was successfully applied to the measurements obtained during the Saharan Aerosol Long-range Transport and Aerosol-Cloud-Interaction Experiment (SALTRACE: http://www.pa.op.dlr.de/saltrace), which aimed to characterize the Saharan dust long range transport between Africa and the Caribbean
Observed versus simulated mountain waves over Scandinavia – improvement of vertical winds, energy and momentum fluxes by enhanced model resolution?
Two mountain wave events, which occurred over northern Scandinavia in December
2013 are analysed by means of airborne observations and global and mesoscale
numerical simulations with horizontal mesh sizes of 16, 7.2, 2.4 and
0.8āÆkm. During both events westerly cross-mountain flow induced upward-propagating mountain waves with different wave characteristics due to
differing atmospheric background conditions. While wave breaking occurred at
altitudes between 25 and 30āÆkm during the first event due to weak
stratospheric winds, waves propagated to altitudes above 30āÆkm and
interfacial waves formed in the troposphere at a stratospheric intrusion
layer during the second event. Global and mesoscale simulations with 16
and 7.2āÆkm grid sizes were not able to simulate the amplitudes and
wavelengths of the mountain waves correctly due to unresolved mountain peaks.
In simulations with 2.4 and 0.8āÆkm horizontal resolution, mountain waves
with horizontal wavelengths larger than 15āÆkm were resolved, but exhibited
too small amplitudes and too high energy and momentum fluxes. Simulated
fluxes could be reduced by either increasing the vertical model grid
resolution or by enhancing turbulent diffusion in the model, which is
comparable to an improved representation of small-scale nonlinear wave effects