Thermal and acoustic performance of cement fibreboard and bamboo buildings

462-471The present study evaluates the thermal and acoustic performance of building constructed from aerated concrete-cement fibreboards and bamboo composite. The thermal, humidity, ambient, and indoor temperature parameters are analyzed for a 24-hours cycle from April to May and December to January. The average temperature plot shows the maximum indoor temperature does not exceed 28-32 ºC for April to May and 12-16 ºC for December to January for both the buildings. Thermal admittance is observed as 7.3 W/m2K and 12 W/m2K for cement fibreboard and bamboo composite buildings respectively. Outdoor to indoor noise reduction (OINR) values at frequencies ranging from 80 Hz to 4000 Hz are noted and analysed. The maximum noise isolation provided by cement fibreboard and bamboo composite walls are found to be ~40 dBA and 35 dBA at 500 Hz. With proper ventilation and avoidance of direct sunlight in the room, a comfortable atmosphere can be achieved for these building

Evaluation of Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Potentiality of Various Indian Small Herbs: A Meta Analysis

The immune system has the ability to provoke inflammation in response to a wide variety of different triggers. Toxic chemicals, infectious diseases, radiation, and cells that have been harmed are some examples of these stimuli. It removes the detrimental stimuli and at the same time initiates the healing process, which is a win-win situation. As a result, the protective reaction of inflammation is essential for ensuring that the body continues to function properly. The majority of the time, cellular and molecular activities and interactions work together to successfully minimise the risk of experiencing damage or infection during acute inflammatory reactions. This is because these activities and interactions are coordinated to function together. This review article was prepared utilising materials written in English, and it has been published in time intervals of 15 years beginning in 1995 and continuing all the way up until the current day. Both systematic reviews and randomised controlled trials (RCTs), which are considered to be the two most reliable types of research, were included in the collection of publications that were pertinent to the goal that we set for ourselves. The first two approaches are the only ones that should be prioritised above the others. Studies with an open label and studies with cohorts are not as essential as those with a case-control design, which are called preclinical trials

Non-Model Approach Based Damage Detection in RC Frame with Masonry Infill

The paper focuses on real-time damage detection based on vibration studies carried out by the Central Building Research Institute (CBRI) structural health monitoring team. The experiment was performed on a 1:3 scaled model of a six- story reinforced concrete (RC) frame with masonry infill in the building dynamics laboratory of CBRI. The forward problem is attended by inducing step-by-step damage in infill to investigate the changes in dynamic response as a result of changes in the physical properties of the structure. Recorded time histories are processed for frequency response spectra (FRS) with fast fourier transform (FFT) and mode shapes are obtained. Changes in natural frequency and modal curvature for each of the five damage cases are analysed for damage detection and location in the structure. An algorithm for damage identification viz. curvature damage factor (CDF) approach is presented

Confined masonry construction for India: A techno-economical solution for improved seismic behaviour

19-29Considering huge generation of fly ash (185 million tons/annum) from 132 thermal power plants (TPPs) in the country and its insufficient utilization (up to 60%), there is urgent need for the development of an eco-friendly technology capable of utilizing it on bulk scale on sustainable basis. Keeping view fly ash as a useful ameliorant that may improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of problematic soils and as a source of plant nutrients (macro and micro), field demonstration trials were carried out on 8.4 acre of unutilized and undulating low lying area at Kali Mela, Jamadoba, Dhanbad filled with Tata Steel's FBC ash (up to a depth of 4 m) to reclaim it using biological amendments such as top soil layer (4 cm), cow dung manure, coco peat, vermi-compost, bio-fertilizer and NPK fertilizers (suitable proportions), selection and plantation of adaptable plant species (forestry, fruit bearing and oil yielding) . The planted species were monitored in respect of growth and biometric parameters at different growth stages followed by physicochemical and biological characterization of ash filled low land. The obtained results evinced that among the physicochemical properties, textural composition, bulk density, water holding capacity, porosity, and major/secondary and micro-nutrient levels of ash filled low land significantly improved with the progressive growth of planted species apart from considerable improvement in growth/biometric parameters and physiological behavior of the planted species. The different biological parameters (ectomycorrhiza, N-fixing bacteria, P-solubilizing bacteria, and dehydrogenase activity) were found to have increased at successive stages of the plantation. The beneficial uses of fly ash in agro-forestry applications were popularized periodically among the local farmers/inhabitants. As such the low lying area could be sustainably reclaimed using fly ash in bulk scale through biological means, which can be further extended in the vicinity of other power plants in the country

Thermal and acoustic performance of aerated concrete- cement fibreboard and bamboo buildings

The present study evaluates the thermal and acoustic performance of ground plus one storey of 1100 sq. ft. building constructed from aerated cement concrete sandwiched between cement fibreboards and composite bamboo building. The thermal, humidity, ambient, and indoor temperature parameters are analysed for a 24-hours cycle from April to May and December to January month. The average temperature plot for the summer season shows the maximum temperature inside both the buildings does not exceed 32 ºC.  Parameters viz. thermal admittance, thermal damping, and daylight illumination have also been evaluated in the current study. Outdoor to indoor noise reduction (OINR) values at frequencies ranging from 100 Hz to 4000 Hz are noted and analysed. The maximum noise reduction provided by cement fibreboard wall and bamboo walls are these walls is found to be ~ 40 dBA and 35 dBA. With proper ventilation and avoidance of direct sunlight in the room, a comfortable atmosphere can be achieved for these buildings, which will help in the reduction in energy consumption of the buildings

Trenchless Mechanized Inspection and Retrofitting Strategy for Buried Sewerage Systems

767-775The conventional retrofitting methods of buried sewer pipes require heavy machinery, intensive manpower, and a longer time for rehabilitation. Such methods may also damage the nearby infrastructures and landscapes. The present study explores an integrated trenchless solution for damage identification and mechanized retrofitting of domestic buried sewerage pipelines of diameter ranging from 75 to 300 mm. A front-mounted camera of the retrofitting system assesses the damage inside the sewer pipes. The retrofitting of the damaged part of buried pipe is achieved by impregnation of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) composite sheet with 100:16 epoxy and hardener ratio. The wrapping of the GFRP sheets on damaged part is done by inflation and deflation technique with a cylindrical rubber bladder connected by a flexible shaft. The retrofitted sewer pipe can be resumed after 3–4 hours of applying the impregnated GFRP composite with above retrofitting strategy