Search for Excited Quarks in qqˉ→γγq\bar{q} \to \gamma\gamma at the LHC

If quarks are composite particles, then excited states are expected to play a r\^ole in the Large Hadron Collider phenomena. Concentrating on virtual effects, and using a large part of the CMS detection criteria, we present here a realistic examination of their effect in diphoton production at the LHC. For various luminosities, we present the 99 % confidence limit (CL) achievable in $\Lambda-M_{q*}$ parameter space where $\Lambda$ is the compositeness scale and M_{q^*} the mass of the state. For a q^* of mass 0.5 TeV, $\Lambda \leq 1.55 (2.95)$ can be excluded at 99% CL with 30 (200)${\rm fb}^{-1}$ integrated luminosity.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figure

Management of Potential Fishery Resources

The prevailing situation in the fisheries sector in many countries of the world can be briefly stated as (1) insufficient information on fish resources, (2) diminishing stock and (3) conflicting uses of coastal areas and types of fishing. Since there is free accessibility to the exploitable resources in the sea, the natural tendency is to make more and more without regard to the real availability. The need for fishery management assumed importance in recent years on account of the uncontrolled, or rather reckless, exploitation of the resources in many countries [leading to depletion of stock. Although according to available information the level of exploitation of the fishery resources in our country in general is far below the optimum level, there seems to be too much concentration in, certain areas and in respect to certain specks which perhaps is a reflection of the lack of fishery management policies or their implementation

Rapid plant regeneration from Gerbera jamesonii Bolus callus cultures

A high frequency shoot organogenesis and plant establishment protocol has been developed for Gerbera jamesonii from ex vitro leaf derived callus. The optimal callus was developed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 0.4 mg L–1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 4.0 mg L–1 -naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 3% (w/v) sucrose. Two callus types differing in their structures and growth rates were observed. A friable and non-chlorophyllous callus with high growth rate appeared at the cut surfaces of the explant, and a compact chlorophyllous callus. The rate of shoot bud regeneration was positively correlated with the concentration of growth regulators in the nutrient media. The explants were highly responsive (83.3%) in a medium containing 2 mg L–1 NAAand 1 mg L–1 BAP after 3 weeks of callus transfer to a medium. Regenerated plantlets were transferred to soil where they grew normally with a survival rate of 95%. This protocol offers rapid build up of selected clones and opens up prospects for using biotechnological approaches for gerbera improvement

GiRaFFE: An Open-Source General Relativistic Force-Free Electrodynamics Code

We present GiRaFFE, the first open-source general relativistic force-free electrodynamics (GRFFE) code for dynamical, numerical-relativity generated spacetimes. GiRaFFE adopts the strategy pioneered by McKinney and modified by Paschalidis and Shapiro to convert a GR magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) code into a GRFFE code. In short, GiRaFFE exists as a modification of IllinoisGRMHD, a user-friendly, open-source, dynamical-spacetime GRMHD code. Both GiRaFFE and IllinoisGRMHD leverage the Einstein Toolkit's highly-scalable infrastructure to make possible large-scale simulations of magnetized plasmas in strong, dynamical spacetimes on adaptive-mesh refinement (AMR) grids. We demonstrate that GiRaFFE passes a large suite of both flat and curved-spacetime code tests passed by a number of other state-of-the-art GRFFE codes, and is thus ready for production-scale simulations of GRFFE phenomena of key interest to relativistic astrophysics.Comment: 23 pages, 4 figures. Consistent with published versio