PERSPECTIVES OF WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT BY AQUATIC MACROPHYTES AS NUTRIENT SINK IN THE LAKE PALDANGHO, KOREA

Improvement of water quality by aquatic macrophytes was studied at the Lake Paldangho, a reservoir supplying the service water for 15 million inhabitants in the Capital of Korea. Annual production of aboveground of emergent plants having 1800 g DW/m² for Typha angustata and 1700g DW/m² for Zizania latifolia, are 15- to 30-folds as large as those of submersed plants having 110 g DW/m² for Ceratophyllum demersum and 60 g DW/m² for Hydrilla verticillata. Although concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in mg per g dry matter of emergent plants are small as a half of those of submersed ones, standing nutrients in g per m² of the former are 8- to 9-folds as large as that of the latter because of large production. Annual return of nutrients from the litters are also more in emergent plants than in submersed one. In the whole Lake the uptake amounts by macrophyte (sink) are 30.3 ton of nitrogen and 4.9 ton of phosphorus, and the return amounts from the litter (source) are 18.5 ton of nitrogen and 4.3 ton of phosphorus. Difference between the sink and the source, 11.8 ton for nitrogen and 0.6 ton for phosphorus, will remain in sediment of littoral zone. If aboveground of macrohytes are weeded out on time occurring the maximum production nutrients remaining will be reduced. To increase the annual production, repetitive harvesting of Zizania latifolia is effective.Article信州大学理学部付属諏訪臨湖実験所報告 7: 167-175(1991)departmental bulletin pape

DETECTION OF POSITION FIXED CONTENT ITEM SLOTS AND CONTROL OF CONTENT DISPLAYED THEREIN

Implementations described herein relate to detection of fixed position content item slots and control of interactions based on determining a content item slot is a fixed position content item slot, such as click protections, policy enforcement mechanism, and/or auction corrections

A positive feedback loop regulates the expression of polycomb group protein BMI1 via WNT signaling pathway

Polycomb group protein BMI1 plays an important role in cellular homeostasis by maintaining a balance between proliferation and senescence. It is often overexpressed in cancer cells and is required for self-renewal of stem cells. At present, very little is known about the signaling pathways that regulate the expression of BMI1. Here, we report that BMI1 autoactivates its own promoter via an E-box present in its promoter. We show that BMI1 acts as an activator of the WNT pathway by repressing Dickkopf (DKK) family of WNT inhibitors. BMI1 mediated repression of DKK proteins; in particular, DKK1 led to up-regulation of WNT target c-Myc, which in turn further led to transcriptional autoactivation ofBMI1. Thus, a positive feedback loop connected by the WNT signaling pathway regulates BMI1 expression. This positive feedback loop regulating BMI1 expression may be relevant to the role of BMI1 in promoting cancer and maintaining stem cell phenotype

PARTIAL CLICK PROTECTIONS FOR ADS

Partial click protections for ads are introduced in this publication. The partial click protections for ads include applying one or more click protections to one or more specific portions of an ad unit instead of the entire ad unit. The one or more specific portions of the ad are differentiated from other portions of the ad based on various criteria. The one or more specific portions of the ad unit include specific portions of a button in the ad unit

Method of fabricating lipid bilayer membranes on solid supports

The present invention provides a method of producing a planar lipid bilayer on a solid support. With this method, a solution of lipid vesicles is first deposited on the solid support. Next, the lipid vesicles are destabilized by adding an amphipathic peptide solution to the lipid vesicle solution. This destabilization leads to production of a planar lipid bilayer on the solid support. The present invention also provides a supported planar lipid bilayer, where the planar lipid bilayer is made of naturally occurring lipids and the solid support is made of unmodified gold or titanium oxide. Preferably, the supported planar lipid bilayer is continuous. The planar lipid bilayer may be made of any naturally occurring lipid or mixture of lipids, including, but not limited to phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinsitol, cardiolipin, cholesterol, and sphingomyelin

Amphipathic Alpha-Helical Peptide Compositions as Antiviral Agents

The invention features methods and compositions that exploit the ability of amphipathic alpha-helical (AH) peptides to cause disruption of lipid-containing vesicles, such as enveloped viruses, in a size-dependent manner