8,048 research outputs found
Effective models of two-flavor QCD: from small towards large
We study effective models of chiral fields and Polyakov loop expected to
describe the dynamics responsible for the phase structure of two-flavor QCD. We
consider chiral sector described either using linear sigma model or
Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model and study how these models, on the mean-field level
when coupled with the Polyakov loop, behave as a function of increasing bare
quark (or pion) mass. We find qualitatively similar behaviors for the cases of
linear sigma model and Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model and, relating to existing
lattice data, show that one cannot conclusively decide which or the two
approximate symmetries drives the phase transitions near the physical point
On computations of the integrated space shuttle flowfield using overset grids
Numerical simulations using the thin-layer Navier-Stokes equations and chimera (overset) grid approach were carried out for flows around the integrated space shuttle vehicle over a range of Mach numbers. Body-conforming grids were used for all the component grids. Testcases include a three-component overset grid - the external tank (ET), the solid rocket booster (SRB) and the orbiter (ORB), and a five-component overset grid - the ET, SRB, ORB, forward and aft attach hardware, configurations. The results were compared with the wind tunnel and flight data. In addition, a Poisson solution procedure (a special case of the vorticity-velocity formulation) using primitive variables was developed to solve three-dimensional, irrotational, inviscid flows for single as well as overset grids. The solutions were validated by comparisons with other analytical or numerical solution, and/or experimental results for various geometries. The Poisson solution was also used as an initial guess for the thin-layer Navier-Stokes solution procedure to improve the efficiency of the numerical flow simulations. It was found that this approach resulted in roughly a 30 percent CPU time savings as compared with the procedure solving the thin-layer Navier-Stokes equations from a uniform free stream flowfield
A note on Zolotarev optimal rational approximation for the overlap Dirac operator
We discuss the salient features of Zolotarev optimal rational approximation
for the inverse square root function, in particular, for its applications in
lattice QCD with overlap Dirac quark. The theoretical error bound for the
matrix-vector multiplication is derived. We check that
the error bound is always satisfied amply, for any QCD gauge configurations we
have tested. An empirical formula for the error bound is determined, together
with its numerical values (by evaluating elliptic functions) listed in Table 2
as well as plotted in Figure 3. Our results suggest that with Zolotarev
approximation to , one can practically preserve the exact
chiral symmetry of the overlap Dirac operator to very high precision, for any
gauge configurations on a finite lattice.Comment: 23 pages, 5 eps figures, v2:minor clarifications, and references
added, to appear in Phys. Rev.
Substitution of Formal and Informal Home Care Service Use and Nursing Home Service Use: Health Outcomes, Decision-making Preferences, and Implications for a Public Health Policy
Objectives: The purposes of this study are: (1) to empirically identify decision-making preferences of long-term health-care use, especially informal and formal home care (FHC) service use; (2) to evaluate outcomes vs. costs based on substitutability of informal and FHC service use; and (3) to investigate health outcome disparity based on substitutability. Methodology and data: The methods of ordinary least squares, a logit model, and a bivariate probit model are used by controlling for socioeconomic, demographic, and physical/mental health factors to investigate outcomes and costs based substitutability of informal and formal health-care use. The data come from the 2013 Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement (JSTAR), which is designed by Keizai-Sangyo Kenkyu-jo, Hitotsubashi University, and the University of Tokyo. The JSTAR is a globally comparable data survey of the elderly. Results: There exists a complement relationship between the informal home care (IHC) and community-based FHC services, and the elasticity\u27s ranges from 0.18 to 0.22. These are reasonable results, which show that unobservable factors are positively related to IHC and community-based FHC, but negatively related to nursing home (NH) services based on our bivariate probit model. Regarding health-care outcome efficiency issue, the IHC is the best one among three types of elderly care: IHC, community-based FHC, and NH services. Health improvement/outcome of elderly with the IHC is heavier concentrated on IHC services than the elderly care services by community-based FHC and NH care services. Conclusion: Policy makers need to address a diversity of health outcomes and efficiency of services based on providing services to elderly through resource allocation to the different types of long-term care. A provision of partial or full compensation for elderly care at home is recommendable and a viable option to improve their quality of lives
Influence of retardation effects on 2D magnetoplasmon spectrum
Within dissipationless limit the magnetic field dependence of magnetoplasmon
spectrum for unbounded 2DEG system found to intersect the cyclotron resonance
line, and, then approaches the frequency given by light dispersion relation.
Recent experiments done for macroscopic disc-shape 2DEG systems confirm theory
expectations.Comment: 2 pages,2 figure
Axial anomaly with the overlap-Dirac operator in arbitrary dimensions
We evaluate for arbitrary even dimensions the classical continuum limit of
the lattice axial anomaly defined by the overlap-Dirac operator. Our
calculational scheme is simple and systematic. In particular, a powerful
topological argument is utilized to determine the value of a lattice integral
involved in the calculation. When the Dirac operator is free of species
doubling, the classical continuum limit of the axial anomaly in various
dimensions is combined into a form of the Chern character, as expected.Comment: 9 pages, uses JHEP.cls and amsfonts.sty, the final version to appear
in JHE
Observation of fractional quantum Hall effect at even-denominator 1/2 and 1/4 fillings in asymmetric wide quantum wells
We report the observation of developing fractional quantum Hall states at
Landau level filling factors and 1/4 in electron systems confined
to wide GaAs quantum wells with significantly charge
distributions. The very large electric subband separation and the highly
asymmetric charge distribution at which we observe these quantum Hall states,
together with the fact that they disappear when the charge distribution is made
symmetric, suggest that these are one-component states, possibly described by
the Moore-Read Pfaffian wavefunction.Comment: submitted for publicatio
Baryon content in a sample of 91 galaxy clusters selected by the South Pole Telescope at 0.2 < z < 1.25
We estimate total mass (M_(500)), intracluster medium (ICM) mass (M_(ICM)), and stellar mass (M⋆) in a Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect (SZE) selected sample of 91 galaxy clusters with masses M_(500) ≳ 2.5 × 10^(14) M⊙ and redshift 0.2 < z < 1.25 from the 2500 deg^2 South Pole Telescope SPT-SZ survey. The total masses M_(500) are estimatedfrom the SZE observable, the ICM masses M_(ICM) are obtained from the analysis of Chandra X-ray observations, and the stellar masses M⋆ are derived by fitting spectral energy distribution templates to Dark Energy Survey griz optical photometry and WISE or Spitzer near-infrared photometry. We study trends in the stellar mass, the ICM mass, the total baryonic mass, and the cold baryonic fraction with cluster halo mass and redshift. We find significant departures from self-similarity in the mass scaling for all quantities, while the redshift trends are all statistically consistent with zero, indicating that the baryon content of clusters at fixed mass has changed remarkably little over the past ≈9 Gyr. We compare our results to the mean baryon fraction (and the stellar mass fraction) in the field, finding that these values lie above (below) those in cluster virial regions in all but the most massive clusters at low redshift. Using a simple model of the matter assembly of clusters from infalling groups with lower masses and from infalling material from the low-density environment or field surrounding the parent haloes, we show that the measured mass trends without strong redshift trends in the stellar mass scaling relation could be explained by a mass and redshift dependent fractional contribution from field material. Similar analyses of the ICM and baryon mass scaling relations provide evidence for the so-called ‘missing baryons’ outside cluster virial regions
Baryon content in a sample of 91 galaxy clusters selected by the South Pole Telescope at 0.2 < z < 1.25
We estimate total mass (M_(500)), intracluster medium (ICM) mass (M_(ICM)), and stellar mass (M⋆) in a Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect (SZE) selected sample of 91 galaxy clusters with masses M_(500) ≳ 2.5 × 10^(14) M⊙ and redshift 0.2 < z < 1.25 from the 2500 deg^2 South Pole Telescope SPT-SZ survey. The total masses M_(500) are estimatedfrom the SZE observable, the ICM masses M_(ICM) are obtained from the analysis of Chandra X-ray observations, and the stellar masses M⋆ are derived by fitting spectral energy distribution templates to Dark Energy Survey griz optical photometry and WISE or Spitzer near-infrared photometry. We study trends in the stellar mass, the ICM mass, the total baryonic mass, and the cold baryonic fraction with cluster halo mass and redshift. We find significant departures from self-similarity in the mass scaling for all quantities, while the redshift trends are all statistically consistent with zero, indicating that the baryon content of clusters at fixed mass has changed remarkably little over the past ≈9 Gyr. We compare our results to the mean baryon fraction (and the stellar mass fraction) in the field, finding that these values lie above (below) those in cluster virial regions in all but the most massive clusters at low redshift. Using a simple model of the matter assembly of clusters from infalling groups with lower masses and from infalling material from the low-density environment or field surrounding the parent haloes, we show that the measured mass trends without strong redshift trends in the stellar mass scaling relation could be explained by a mass and redshift dependent fractional contribution from field material. Similar analyses of the ICM and baryon mass scaling relations provide evidence for the so-called ‘missing baryons’ outside cluster virial regions
A Perturbative Study of a General Class of Lattice Dirac Operators
A perturbative study of a general class of lattice Dirac operators is
reported, which is based on an algebraic realization of the Ginsparg-Wilson
relation in the form
where stands for a non-negative integer.
The choice corresponds to the commonly discussed Ginsparg-Wilson relation
and thus to the overlap operator. We study one-loop fermion contributions to
the self-energy of the gauge field, which are related to the fermion
contributions to the one-loop function and to the Weyl anomaly. We
first explicitly demonstrate that the Ward identity is satisfied by the
self-energy tensor. By performing careful analyses, we then obtain the correct
self-energy tensor free of infra-red divergences, as a general consideration of
the Weyl anomaly indicates. This demonstrates that our general operators give
correct chiral and Weyl anomalies. In general, however, the Wilsonian effective
action, which is supposed to be free of infra-red complications, is expected to
be essential in the analyses of our general class of Dirac operators for
dynamical gauge field.Comment: 30 pages. Some of the misprints were corrected. Phys. Rev. D (in
press
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