63 research outputs found
Apprendre ensemble : attitudes des Ă©tudiants en mĂ©decine envers la pratique collaborative suite Ă un cours dâĂ©ducation interprofessionnelle impliquant un patient-formateur
Les cours dâĂ©ducation interprofessionnelle (IPE) permettent de cultiver la pratique collaborative, composante intĂ©grante et contemporaine de la prestation optimale des soins aux patients. Ce projet de recherche a pour but dâexplorer si un cours dâIPE utilisant, entre autre, un atelier interprogramme et la rĂ©troaction dâun tandem composĂ© dâun patient partenaire Ă profil formateur et dâun professeur, influence les attitudes des Ă©tudiants en mĂ©decine envers lâIPE, ainsi que le dĂ©veloppement des habiletĂ©s de communication et de collaboration. Quarante-six de 250 Ă©tudiants en troisiĂšme annĂ©e de mĂ©decine ayant participĂ© au cours ont rempli le questionnaire Readiness of Health Care Students for InterProfessional Learning Scale. PrĂšs de 90% de ces Ă©tudiants dĂ©montrent une attitude positive envers lâIPE. Lâanalyse qualitative de plus de 1500 commentaires Ă©crits de 223 Ă©tudiants en mĂ©decine Ă partir dâun questionnaire dâĂ©valuation du cours a dĂ©montrĂ© que ceux-ci perçoivent une amĂ©lioration de leurs habiletĂ©s de communication et de collaboration, une confiance accrue en leurs compĂ©tences et globalement une meilleure comprĂ©hension des rĂŽles et responsabilitĂ©s des professionnels. Des facteurs influençant leurs attitudes et croyances, ainsi que les barriĂšres Ă lâIPE Ă©mergent de lâanalyse, tels que lâimportance dâun respect mutuel et de lâabolition des prĂ©jugĂ©s envers les autres professions pour la rĂ©ussite de lâIPE. En participant Ă ce cours dâIPE, les Ă©tudiants de lâUniversitĂ© de MontrĂ©al ont une opportunitĂ© exceptionnelle de sâinitier Ă la pratique collaborative en partenariat de soins avec le patient. Les barriĂšres Ă la participation des Ă©tudiants de mĂ©decine Ă la recherche pĂ©dagogique sont discutĂ©es et des pistes de solution pour rehausser leur intĂ©rĂȘt dans le futur sont prĂ©sentĂ©es.Interprofessional education (IPE) courses help cultivate collaborative practice, an essential aspect of contemporary health care delivery that improves patient care. The goal of this study is to explore if an IPE course, using an interprogram workshop and retroaction by a tandem comprised of a patient-partner with an instructor profile and of a teacher, an innovative approach initiated by the UniversitĂ© de MontrĂ©al, influences medical studentsâ attitudes towards IPE and allows developing communication and collaborative skills. Forty-six of the two hundred and fifty medical students participating in the course filled out the Readiness of Health Care Students for InterProfessional Learning Scale. A positive attitude towards IPE is found in the vast majority of students («teamwork and collaboration» section: 88.9±5.8% of student answers = agree/completely agree). Qualitative analysis of more than 1500 written comments made by students showed that students perceived an improvement in their communication and collaboration skills, as well as their confidence in those skills. Overall, they had better understanding of professional roles and responsibilities. Factors influencing their attitudes and beliefs, as well as barriers to IPE, emerged from the analysis; the importance of respect and abolishing prejudices in order to succeed at IPE were raised. By participating to this IPE course, medical students of UniversitĂ© de MontrĂ©al have an exceptional opportunity to familiarize themselves with health care involving partnership with patients and collaborative practice. A discussion of barriers for the participation of medical students in pedagogical research and possible solutions to enhance their interest in the future are provided
The use of simulation to prepare and improve responses to infectious disease outbreaks like COVID-19: practical tips and resources from Norway, Denmark, and the UK.
In this paper, we describe the potential of simulation to improve hospital responses to the COVID-19 crisis. We provide tools which can be used to analyse the current needs of the situation, explain how simulation can help to improve responses to the crisis, what the key issues are with integrating simulation into organisations, and what to focus on when conducting simulations. We provide an overview of helpful resources and a collection of scenarios and support for centre-based and in situ simulations
Empire
Frontiers on land and bodies are performative of imperial expansion and acceleration. This chapter argues that frontier sites are especially productive of imperial formations, as they expose inconsistencies and excesses that are met with a particular rage and discipline. As such, frontier sites are productive of iterations of imperial violence, which includes the construction of new infrastructures and technologies of violence, as well as the discursive justification for this violent apparatus. Palestine is a frontier of imperial formations that is productive of war technologies, but also a site where debates over the legitimization of the use of this violence takes place. Performances on the frontiers of empire such as Palestine are constitutive of subject and subjectivities on resistance and settler colonialism in global politics. The marking of Hamas as terrorists is central to the coding and interpretations of Palestine in public discourses. The democratic election of Hamas troubled the coding of the movement as an illegitimate terrorist Other, which was met with a performative anxiety and rage by the European Union. The EU had headed the election-monitoring mission in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, and they had declared the elections transparent, free. and fair. Their response, however, was to diplomatically and financially sanction Hamas, which had profound consequences for Palestinian governance. Hamas and Gaza exposed fault lines in empireâs attempt to defend its use of violence. and as such they are also productive of new forms of enacting imperial violence. The chapter explores the performances of Tania El Khoury, whose work uses intimate scenes and audience interactivity to foreground the pain and oppression of imperial violence. Performance acts as a cultural frontier that negotiates and expresses subversive and resistant meanings of violence in global politics
Simulation et gestion de crise
International audienceHuman factors characterize how individuals interact with their environments. Analysis of medical errors shows that among human factors, psychological, cognitive, and organizational features are directly related to the quality of care. Therefore, in addition to knowledge and control of technical procedures, care providers should be able to operate within a successful team aiming at developing an adapted therapeutic approach. Simulation is an effective method to train health professionals to these called ânon-technicalâ skills. Various situations provided by simulation offer secured possibilities for training, assessment, and discussion that enable healthcare professionals to face critical situations, develop competences, and improve performance. Based on a literature review, the authors present useful data for the development and promotion of teamwork training in crisis management in simulation centres as well as critical care departments including intensive care, emergency medicine, and anaesthesia departments.Les facteurs humains caractĂ©risent la façon dont les individus interagissent entre eux et avec leurs environnements. Lâanalyse des erreurs mĂ©dicales met en Ă©vidence quâau sein des facteurs humains, les dimensions psychologique, cognitive et organisationnelle sont directement liĂ©es Ă la qualitĂ© des soins. Câest pourquoi, au-delĂ de lâacquisition de connaissances, de la maĂźtrise de procĂ©dures et de gestes techniques, les soignants doivent ĂȘtre en mesure de fonctionner de maniĂšre performante au sein dâune Ă©quipe afin de mettre en place une dĂ©marche thĂ©rapeutique adaptĂ©e. La simulation est une mĂ©thode efficace pour former les professionnels de santĂ© Ă ces capacitĂ©s qualifiĂ©es de « non techniques ». Les situationsreconstruites en simulation offrent un espace sĂ©curisĂ© dâentraĂźnement, dâĂ©valuation et dâĂ©changes qui permet aux professionnels de santĂ© dâĂȘtre confrontĂ©s Ă des situations critiques, de dĂ©velopper des compĂ©tences et dâamĂ©liorer leurs performances. Ă travers une revue sĂ©lective de la littĂ©rature, les auteurs prĂ©sentent des donnĂ©es utiles Ă la promotion et au dĂ©veloppement des activitĂ©s de formation au travail en Ă©quipe, Ă la gestion de crise, dans les centres de simulation ou au sein des services de soins critiques (rĂ©animation, soins intensifs, mĂ©decine dâurgence et anesthĂ©sie)
Transgender menâs fertility preservation: experiences, social support, and the quest for genetic parenthood
School Factors Strongly Impact Transgender and Non-Binary Youths’ Well-Being
Background: School plays an important role in transgender and non-binary (TNB) youths’ life and well-being. The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of how the lived experiences, gender affirmation and challenges encountered by TNB youths in the school setting affect their well-being. Method: Our study was a qualitative secondary data analysis, based on the interviews of 12 Canadian TNB youths aged 15–17 years old. Results: We found that TNB students’ well-being was closely related to the acknowledgment of gender identity at school. Several factors, including school socio-cultural environment, teachers’ and peers’ attitudes and behaviours, school physical environments and the respect of confidentiality of gender identity were all found to impact TNB students’ well-being. To face adversity related to some of these factors, TNB youths used several contextually driven strategies such as compromising, educating, and sensitizing others about gender diversity and avoiding certain people or situations. Conclusion: Our results highlight the important influence of school climate and culture, as well as teachers’, school personnel’s and peers’ behaviours and attitudes on TNB youths’ well-being. Our findings can guide future interventions to help schools become more inclusive and supportive of gender diversity
The critical nature of debriefing in high-fidelity simulation-based training for improving team communication in emergency resuscitation
Emergency resuscitation in intensive care units (ICUs) requires effective team communication to orchestrate the joint performance of several individuals. Although team simulation training has proven an effective means to improve communication skills in highârisk environments, the influence of debriefing content on simulationâbased learning is less clear. In this study, 10 ICU teams completed three consecutive cardiac resuscitation scenarios, followed by a 3âmonth followâup. Control teams received a debriefing on the basis of resuscitation technical skills after each of the first three scenarios, whereas the experimental teams' debriefing focused on team communication. Results showed that although information sharing improved for all teams, communication quality improved only for experimental teams, and these training benefits dissipated after 3 months. The study helps develop a methodology for assessing team communication and highlights the importance of frequent team simulationâbased training and debriefing in emergency medicine that includes both technical and nontechnical skills
Initiation au débriefing pour les internistes : état des connaissances et mise en pratique pour transformer des situations cliniques réelles ou simulées en moments d'apprentissage
Ergonomics and occupational health and safety : a cost-benefit analysis model
The economic costs of occupational safety and health problems place a considerable burden on the competitiveness of both the public entities and the enterprises. Ergonomic problems at the workplace and bad work organization are part of the contributing risk factors to the above mentioned occupational safety and health problems. There are also considerable social costs of workplace accidents related to ergonomic and work organization risk factors. This paper aims to propose a model for the application of Cost-Benefit Analysis in Occupational Health and Safety, taking into account namely ergonomic aspects involved. A previous qualitative exploratory study was undertake n using the Delphi methodology to get some input from an expert panel in order to determine the most important factors which should be included in the model of cost-benefit analysis. This model permits to perform economic evaluations of risks and prevention initiatives from both the company and the society perspectives. It is an important tool to support managers and experts to make an economic analysis before the beginning of any ergonomic intervention project.(undefined
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