Movin' On Up: Reforming America's Social Contract to Provide a Bridge to the Middle Class

This research brief summarizes recent findings by the Center for Economic and Policy Research on job quality and workers' economic security. Using a rigorous methodology that improves on other more standard measures of economic security, we find that one in five Americans in working families have income below a minimum middle-class budget standard for the area in which they live. The authors argue this is the result of a frayed social contract that must be updated so that more workers can move into the middle class. The report concludes with proposals that would strengthen labor market institutions, expand work supports for families in the middle and working classes, and provide workers, particularly those in low- and moderate-wage jobs, with more opportunities to improve their skills and education throughout their lifetimes

The effects of divorce on children\u27s academic achievement

Given the prevalence of divorce in society, there is great concern for the wellbeing of children involved in these marital disruptions. This issue has become increasingly problematic for schools, in that teachers, school counselors and school officials recognize that there is need to provide practical strategies and coping skills for these children as well as those individuals that deal with them daily. This literature study set out to examine the impact of divorce on children in relation to their school performance, particularly in the area of academic achievement. Studies have determined that many variables associated with divorce had an effect on children\u27s academic achievement. In general, the results of these studies suggest that while divorce on its own can be a factor in children\u27s lower academic achievement, variables such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, conflict prior to the divorce, and remarriage also have an impact on the level of children\u27s academic success. Unfortunately, the results of this study show that there are limitations in the intervention programs that are implemented within schools because related studies do not often provide practical strategies to guide teachers who are involved with these children\u27s education. To address this problem, a model of practical school based strategies is hereby proposed

Bridging the Gaps: A Picture of How Work Supports Work in Ten States

This report is the culmination of a multi-state study on the extent to which work supports-policies to ensure families can access basics, such as health care, child care, food and housing-fill in the gaps for families whose jobs offer low wages or inadequate benefits

Strategies and counter-strategies: China in the Andean region of South America

By employing a comparative method that analyzes China’s increasing presence in different Latin America countries, this study explores key features and implications of Beijing’s approach towards this region. Colombia, Ecuador and Peru are used as case studies to evaluate China’s diplomatic rhetoric and the degree to which trade and investment realities live up to the goals proclaimed. Each of the countries examined seeks a more balanced relationship with external actors and recognizes China’s increased presence in the domestic political economy. Beijing seeks to distinguish itself as a soft power and “South-South” partner, and yet its ability to maintain this stance is complicated by the inevitable asymmetry that a rising China implies. The paper argues that China’s economic involvement in terms of trade, aid, loans and investment is indisputably important, but just one opportunity amongst many for these countries to achieve the political and economic goals that they have set for themselves

How do international human rights influence national healthcare provisions for irregular migrants?: A case study in France and the United Kingdom

Debates about human rights have often questioned their potential for generating rights at national levels. In this article, we use the case of irregular migrants' access to health care in the United Kingdom and France to explore the extent to which international human rights influence national health care provisions for irregular migrants. We explore the extent to which health care access and provision for irregular migrants in these two countries is in agreement with international human rights. In so doing, we examine what constitutes an infringement of the international human right to health care. Finally, we sketch out some hypotheses about the role played by different state structures in the implementation of human rights norms, comparing the United Kingdom with France. We argue that, although international human rights often have a largely symbolic role in nation-state jurisdiction, they may sometimes represent a force for change

ScotMap : Participatory mapping of inshore fishing activity to inform marine spatial planning in Scotland

Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank all the fishermen interviewed who gave freely of their time, fisheries compliance staff, government scientists, contractors and fishing industry representatives for their heroic efforts conducting interviews. Furthermore, the authors would like to thank all the staff in Marine Scotland who staffed the data verification workshops. Lastly, the authors would also like to thank colleagues Gareth Jones, Robert Watret, and Liam Mason for their advice and support during the project. Marine Scotland has financially supported the data collection and conduct of research, as well as preparation and publishing of this article. The writing of this manuscript was also supported by the “Marine Collaboration Research Forum” writing retreat co-funded by Marine Scotland and the University of Aberdeen which took place in November 2015.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Modelling foraging movements of diving predators : A theoretical study exploring the effect of heterogeneous landscapes on foraging efficiency

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Mesophotic and Deep-Sea Vulnerable Coral Habitats of the Mediterranean Sea: Overview and Conservation Perspectives

Although the different communities distributed in the mesophotic and deep waters play a fundamental role in the functioning of the marine ecosystems, the assessment of their global distribution is still far to be achieved. This is also true in the Mediterranean Sea, where exploration technologies are revealing a large diversity of unknown communities structured totally or partially by corals, which represent vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs) according to FAO’s guidelines. This chapter aims to define and describe the main coral habitats of the mesophotic and aphotic zones of the Mediterranean, such as coralligenous formations, cold-water coral frameworks, coral forests and sea pen fields. The role of these habitats in providing benefit for a variety of invertebrates and fishes as well as a suite of ecosystem goods and services is highlighted. Fishing is one of the main anthropogenic impacts affecting Mediterranean coral habitats, and the current conservation measures are often ineffective. Ongoing attempts and future solutions aiming at the conservation of these VMEs are here discussed, including the fishing restriction in strategic areas characterized by lush coral communities, the implementation of controls against illegal fishery, the development of encounter protocols for vulnerable species and the use of observers onboard