Unified multifractal atmospheric dynamics tested in the tropics: part II, vertical scaling and generalized scale invariance

International audienceWe empirically investigate the scaling behaviour of the horizontal wind along the vertical direction using 287 radiosonde soundings with a resolution of 50 m. We compare the results obtained with those of the horizontal temporal behaviour in the framework of Generalized Scaling Invariance and the unified Scaling model of atmospheric dynamics. We find the scaling to be very well respected over the range 50 m - 13 km (nearly the entire troposphere) and we estimate the universal multifractal indices which characterize the statistics in the vertical. By comparing our result with those obtained in the horizontal we show that the degree of stratification is different for mean and extreme structures. Finally, we theoretically discuss the necessary improvements to the Unified Multifractal model needed to account for them

Unified multifractal atmospheric dynamics tested in the tropics: part I, horizontal scaling and self criticality

International audienceIn this paper we test the Unified Mulifractal model of atmospheric dynamics in the tropics. In the first part, we empirically investigate the scaling behaviour along the horizontal, in the second part along the vertical. Here we concentrate on the presentation of basic multifractal notions and techniques and on how they give rise to self-organized critical structures. Indeed, we point out a rather simple and clear characterisation of these structures which may help to clarify both the nature of the oft-cited coherent structures and the generation of cyclones. Using 30 aircraft series of horizontal wind and temperature, we find rather remarkable constancy of the three universal multifractal indices H, C1 and a as well as the value of critical exponents qD, ?D associated with multifractal phase transitions and self-organized critical structures. This constancy extends not only from wind tunnel and mid-latitude to the tropics, but also to multifractals generated by Navier-Stokes like equations

Unified multifractal atmospheric dynamics tested in the tropics: part II, vertical scaling and generalized scale invariance

We empirically investigate the scaling behaviour of the horizontal wind along the vertical direction using 287 radiosonde soundings with a resolution of 50 m. We compare the results obtained with those of the horizontal temporal behaviour in the framework of Generalized Scaling Invariance and the unified Scaling model of atmospheric dynamics. We find the scaling to be very well respected over the range 50 m - 13 km (nearly the entire troposphere) and we estimate the universal multifractal indices which characterize the statistics in the vertical. By comparing our result with those obtained in the horizontal we show that the degree of stratification is different for mean and extreme structures. Finally, we theoretically discuss the necessary improvements to the Unified Multifractal model needed to account for them

Stability assessment methods of technological processes

Ensuring the stability of quality indicators and product accuracy in modern conditions requires not only classical production measures but also organizational arrangements, which deals with clarifying and modernizing the conceptual apparatus. The study analyzes the methods for assessing the stability of machining, established in the standard process documents regulating the issues of product quality management in mechanical engineering, and reveals the ambiguity of the term ‘stability’ relating to processes under transition to the arrangement of digital production and the use of equipment with adaptive control. The Fisher criterion can be used for quantitatively analyzing the stability of processes under statistical control

Multidimensional Model of Product Quality Formation

Based on the analysis of the functional capabilities of modern information systems, the paper substantiates the applicability of multidimensional combined information structures for computer-assistant planning in machinery production. A multidimensional optimization model has been developed for elementary technological surface-treatment routing in the case of using complex quality indicators determined by the operational properties of products. The dimensions of its coordinate space are determined by the number of technical constraints that govern the quality of the product. The paper provides an example of an algorithm that uses logical algebra operations to reduce the coordinate space of the model and to reduce the computational complexity of the design task

Криптоспоридіоз: нова медико-соціальна проблема. Принципові шляхи розв’язання (стислий аналіз науково-теоретичної та патентної інформації)

The article deals with the study of wide spectrum scientific and theoretical, methodological, patent information to medical and social problems of cryptosporidiosis. The authors prove the presence of actuality acute problem. The outcomes of researches are generalized with numerical material.Статья посвящена изучению широкого спектра научно-теоретической, методологической, патентной информации по медико-социальным проблемам криптоспоридиоза. Авторами доказана актуальность существующей проблемы исследования. Итоги обобщаются цифровым материалом.Стаття присвячена вивченню широкого спектра науково-теоретичної, методологічної, патентної інформації по медико-соціальних проблем криптоспоридіозу. Авторами доведена актуальність існуючої проблеми дослідження. Підсумки узагальнюються цифровим матеріалом

EVALUATION OF DIFFERENTIAL EFFICIENCY OF STAINING METHODS FOR CRYPTOSPORIDIUM OOCYSTS

Cryptosporidiosis (ICD-10-CM a07.2) is an ubiquitous parasitic disease (watery diarrhea) that is caused by the protozoans of the genus Cryptosporidium (type Apicomplexa) that are capable of invasion, reproduction and parasitism inside the enterocytes of the gut tract mucosal filli. Cryptosporidiosis as a diagnosis is established based on the epidemiological and clinical data, as well as results of laboratory tests. Among the large quantity methods of cryptosporidiosis laboratory diagnostics the light and luminescent microscopy remain the most popular in the regular laboratory practice and are based on the determination of the parasitic oocysts in the smears of the biomaterials (mainly fecal). The aim of the study is to evaluate the differential efficiency of six the staining methods for Cryptosporidium oocysts that are most commonly used in the medical practice: negative stain - NSM; modified (cold) Ziehl-Neelsen stain - mZN; modified (cold) Kinyouns acid-fast stain - mKAF; modified Kosters stain - mESA; auramine-phenol stain - APM; auramine-rhodamine stain - ARM. Object and methods. The object of this study were the suspensions of C. parvum oocysts (n = 6) that were obtained from samples fecal of children and calves by the centrifugal sedimentation in the formalin-ethyl-acetate mix. Smears (n=36) were prepared from 5.0 ?l of homogenized suspensions of oocysts. They were dried, fixed and stained using NSM, mZN, mKAF, mESA, APM, ARM as described in previously published papers. Slides of the smears stained with NSM, mZN, mKAF, mESA were analyzed by light microscopy and those that were stained with APM, ARM by luminescent microscopy (total increase of objects ?1000-1500, oil-immersion). Microscopically examination to evaluate the differential efficiency of staining methods for Cryptosporidium oocysts included the definition: the total number of oocysts (TNO); a regularly rounded form of oocysts (RFO) and their thick wall (TWO); mean dimensions of the oocysts (i.e. their diameter - DIO); the internal structure inherent in oocysts (ISO). Results and discussion. Obtened results show that luminescent microscopy can detect 2-5 times more Cryptosporidium oocysts (TNO) in the same smears of their suspensions than light microscopy. All proven staining methods (NSM, mZN, mKAF, mKSA, APM, ARM) allow microscopy to visualize such differential signs of Cryptosporidium oocysts as RFO, TWO, DIO. C. parvum oocysts had mean diameter 4,9-5,2 ?m and the certain look, depending on the method used to stain them: NSM - look like as transparent round spots (ghosts) on a dark green background; mZN, mKAF - red discs on a pale green background; mKSA - pink and pink-purple on a pale green background; APM, ARM - rings or discs whith characteristically bright green fluorescence against a dark background. Only the ARM has allowed the identification criterion ISO to be found at a satisfactory level (oocysts were light green, and internal sporozoite - yellow-green color). Conclusions. Among the six tried out of staining methods for Cryptosporidium oocysts, which are most often used in medical practice, relatively higher differential efficiency is characterized by ARM. However, this method has such disadvantages as a multi-stage and long-term staining protocol and the need to use phenol, which is a highly dangerous substance. Further research should be aimed at creating easier-to-reproduce, safe and effective staining method for Cryptosporidium oocysts