STUDY OF STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF OXIDE ELECTRODE MATERIALS(FE3O4, AZO, SRO) AND THEIR DEVICE APPLICATIONS

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

РАЗРАБОТКА ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПОСАДОЧНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА САЛАТА (LACTUCA SATIVA L.) НА БЕЗВИРУСНОЙ ОСНОВЕ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МЕТОДОВ БИОТЕХНОЛОГИИ

The article presents the results of research on the production in vitro of regenerated plants from the seeds of cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Emerald, Bouquet, Chameleon (FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center), susceptible of aspermia tomato (Tomato aspermy cucumovirus) – AsTV. Seeds of strongly susceptible to AsTV varieties of salad Chameleon and Bouquet were subjected to thermotherapy at different temperatures (37°C, 38°C, 40°C) for a different time interval (1, 3, 5, 7, 10 days) in dry form and when moistened. Marked varietal specificity during germination of seeds after thermotherapy. Thus, the greatest number of seedlings in the emerald variety was obtained after 5 days of thermotherapy (10.0±0), while the Bouquet variety had the best results after 3 days of thermotherapy (9.3±1.2) with moisture. After thermotherapy of dry seeds by 40°C plant material of cultivar Emerald was planted on solid and liquid culture media. The conditions of step sterilization of lettuce seeds for introduction into the culture in vitro were chosen: washing in 96% ethanol, then in 50% aqueous solution of "Whiteness" with the addition of Twin-20, after in sterile distilled water. The nutrient medium for germination of lettuce seeds was used: Gamborg B5 (2% sucrose, 7.0 g/l agar), and the liquid nutrient medium was of that composition. The obtained seedlings were cutted and transferred to medium MS (2% sucrose, 0.1 mg/l ha and 1 mg/l BAP, 3.0 g/l phytogel). The formed shoots for rooting were transferred to the MS medium (2% sucrose, 3.0 g/l phytogel). In the future, lettuce plants will be adapted in vivo and tested for the presence of tomato aspermia virus in the planting material.В статье представлены результаты исследований по получению в культуре in vitro растений-регенерантов из семян сортов салата (Lactuca sativa L.) Изумрудный, Букет, Хамелеон (селекции ФГБНУ ФНЦО), восприимчивых к вирусу аспермии томата (Tomato aspermy cucumovirus) – AsTV. Семена сильновосприимчивых к AsTV сортов салата Хамелеон и Букет были подвергнуты термотерапии при разных температурных режимах (37°С, 38°С, 40°С) в течение различного временного интервала (1, 3, 5, 7, 10 суток) в сухом виде и при увлажнении. Отмечена сортовая специфичность при прорастании семян после термотерапии. Так, наибольшее количество проростков у сорта Изумрудный получено после 5 суток термотерапии (10,0±0), тогда как у сорта Букет лучшие показатели были после 3 суток термотерапии (9,3±1,2) при увлажнении. После термотерапии сухих семян при 40°С сорта Изумрудный растительный материал был высажен на твердые и жидкие питательные среды. Подобраны условия ступенчатой стерилизации семян салата для введения в культуру in vitro: промывание в 96% этаноле, затем в 50% водном растворе «Белизны» с добавлением Твина-20, после в стерильной дистиллированной воде. Использована питательная среда для проращивания семян салата: Gamborg В5 (2% сахароза, 7,0 г/л агара), жидкая питательная среда была того состава. Полученные проростки черенковали и переносили на среду МС (2% сахароза, 0,1 мг/л ГК и 1 мг/л БАП, 3,0 г/л фитогеля). Образовавшиеся побеги для укоренения были перенесены на среду МС (2% сахароза, 3,0 г/л фитогеля). В дальнейшем будет проведена адаптация растений салата в условиях in vivo и тестирование на наличие вируса аспермии томата в посадочном материале

Получение удвоенных гаплоидов Brassica purpuraria

Relevance. In recent years vegetable crop Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis var. purpuraria (synonyms: Brassica campestris L. var.purpurea Bailey; Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis var. purpurea) is gaining popularity as an object of genetic and molecular researches, and as an economically valuable vegetable plant due to the high content of biologically active compounds and distinctive economically valuable traits. Effective technology for development DH-plants to accelerate the breeding process for this culture has not been developed yet, so research in this area is relevant.Materials and methods. The study included two varieties from the collection of Vavilov AllRussian Research Institute of Plant Industry (VIR): No. 1301 (China) and No. 1357(Netherlands). Both protocols standard unmodified and with addition of silver nitrate (AgNO3) in the medium for embryogenesis induction were used in experiments for production of DH plants from isolated microspore in vitro. Direct chromosome counting in meristem cells and flow cytometry were used to determine the ploidy of regenerating plants.Results. As a result of the study embryogenesis in B. purpuraria culture can develop with the use of a standard protocol as well as with the addition of silver nitrate that showed a positive effect on the induction of embryogenesis. The yield of embryoids varied depending on the genotype of the individual plant within the variety accession. The highest yield of embryoids was 40 embryoids/petri dish. The main problem at the stage of regeneration is that about half of the regenerating plants occurred to be albinos and were not viable. We show a high degree of spontaneous chromosome doubling in regenerated plants (all analyzed plants were doubled haploids). In total 38 regenerated plants were obtained from accession No. 1301. It was shown that four DH-plants had self-incompatibility after self-pollination, but seed progeny from other plants was obtained. The created material was taken for genetics study and breeding work. Актуальность. Овощная культура Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt var. purpuraria (L.H. Bailey) Hanelt (синонимы: Brassica campestris L. var. purpurea Bailey; Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis var. purpurea) в последние годы набирает популярность как объект генетико-молекулярных исследований и как овощное растение ввиду высокого содержания биологически активных веществ и хозяйственно ценных признаков. Эффективной технологии получения DH-растений для ускорения селекционного процесса у этой культуры еще не разработано, поэтому исследования в этой области актуальны.Материалы и методы. В исследование включены два сортообразца из коллекции ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова» (ВИР): №1301(Китай) и №1357(Нидерланды). В ходе экспериментов использовали стандартный протокол получения DH-растений в культуре изолированных микроспор in vitro и протокол с добавлением нитрата серебра (AgNO3) в питательную среду для стимулирования индукции эмбриогенеза. Для определения плоидности растений-регенерантов использовали прямой подсчет хромосом в меристемных клетках и метод проточной цитометрии клеточных ядер.Результаты. В результате исследования установлено, что эмбриогенез в культуре B. purpuraria возможен как при использовании стандартного протокола, так и с добавлением нитрата серебра, который положительно влияет на индукцию эмбриогенеза. Выход эмбриоидов варьировал в зависимости от генотипа индивидуального растения в пределах сортообразца. Максимальный выход эмбриоидов составил 40 эмбриоидов на чашку Петри. Обозначена основная проблема, возникающая на этапе регенерации: около половины растений-регенерантов оказались альбиносами и были нежизнеспособны. Показана высокая степень спонтанного удвоения хромосом в растениях-регенерантах. Всего было получено 38 растений-регенератов из сортообразца №1301. Выявлено, что у некоторых DH-растений при инбридинге проявляется самонесовместимость (4 шт), в то время как у остальных растений семенное потомство было получено. Созданный материал передан для генетических исследований и селекционной работы.

Ускоренное создание гомозиготных линий листовых культур семейства Brassicaceae Burnett в культуре микроспор in vitro

Relevance Biotechnological methods are generally used to speed up breeding programs and to enhance genetic diversity, so the culture of isolated microspore in vitro can be regarded as one of very suitable methods. Nontraditional and uncommon vegetable crops belonging to Brassicaceae Burnett. are becoming more popular. Methods Accessions of sarepta mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern.) and rocket salad (Eruca sativa Mill.) were taken for the study with the aim to optimize the basic protocol for these species. Results As a result of the study the optimum cultivation conditions have been determined for the species. Sizes of buds 2.5-3.5 mm long for sarepta mustard and 7.0-7.5 long for rocket salad which were used for cultivation had been experimentally defined. It was also shown that the cold pretreatment had improved the embryo yield. The nutritional NLN-13 medium with pH 6.1 and pretreatment at 32°C during a cultivation day had been shown to be more favourable for all accessions. All conditions that had been used were suitable for embryo formation. First divisions had been seen after 4 days of cultivation, while the embryos at primary cotyledonary stage only appeared after 2 weeks of cultivation. The embryo yield per 5 buds reached 25-30 and 5-7 in the sarepta mustard and the rocket salad, respectively. It is worth noticing that the root formation and plant adaptation had passed better and faster in sarepta mustard than in rocket salad. Thus, whole process of homozygous line developing can be completed for 4-5 months, making the breeding program 3 times shorter.Актуальность Для ускорения селекционного процесса и расширения генетического разнообразия необходимо вовлекать в селекционный процесс биотехнологические методы, одним из которых является метод культуры изолированных микроспор in vitro. Все большую популярность в России приобретают нетрадиционные, малораспространенные зеленные культуры семейства Brassicaceae Burnett. Материал и методика Объектами исследования были такие представители данного семейства, как горчица сарептская (Brassica juncea (L) Czern.) и индау посевной (Eruca sativa Mill.). Цель исследований заключалась в оптимизации базового протокола под изучаемые культуры. Результаты Были подобраны оптимальные условия культивирования для горчицы сарептской и индау посевного. Опытным путем был определен оптимальный для введения в культуру in vitro размер бутона, который составил у горчицы сарептской 2,5-3,5 мм, а у индау посевного – 7,0-7,5 мм. Показано, что холодовая предобработка бутонов в течение 1 суток значительно повышает выход эмбриоидов. Для большинства образцов наиболее благоприятным оказалось сочетание pH среды NLN-13, равное 6,1, и температурная обработка 32°С в течение 1 суток культивирования. Все вышеперечисленные условия культивирования способствовали успешному развитию эмбриоидов. Первые деления были отмечены на 4 сутки, а уже через 2 недели эмбриоиды находились на начальной семядольной стадии развития. Выход эмбриоидов достигал у горчицы сарептской – до 25-30 шт./5 бутонов, а у индау посевного – до 5-7 шт./5 бутонов. Отмечено, что у горчицы сарептской происходит быстрое укоренение и адаптация к условиям in vivo. То есть весь процесс получения чистой гомозиготной линии составляет 4-5 месяцев, что сокращает селекционный процесс в более чем в 3 раза

Study of the combined muffler effectiveness

The paper presents the research of the spectral characteristics of a combined reflection and absorption muffler with a different ratio of dissipative elements and reactive components for a given muffler volume

One-pot acid-free ferrocenylalkylation of azoles with α-ferrocenyl alcohols: ferrocene-based plant growth regulators and herbicide safeners

α-Ferrocenylalkylation of azoles or S-nucleophiles with FcCH(R)OH (Fc = ferrocenyl) can be accomplished under acid-free conditions as one-pot process via an intermediate formation of the α-ferrocenylalkyl carbonates FcCH(R)OC(O)OEt. The reaction allows the alkylation of acid sensitive substrates like imidazole derivatives or sodium N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate. The reaction with ambident azoles proceeds as the N-alkylation. Some α-ferrocenylalkyl azoles were found to exhibit plant growth stimulating or herbicidal effects on corn seeds or act as the herbicide safeners against sulfonylurea herbicides. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

DEVELOPMENT OF ELEMENTS OF TECHNOLOGY FOR PLANTING MATERIAL OF LETTUCE (<i>LACTUCA SATIVA L.</i>) ON VIRUS-FREE BASIS USING METHODS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

The article presents the results of research on the production in vitro of regenerated plants from the seeds of cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Emerald, Bouquet, Chameleon (FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center), susceptible of aspermia tomato (Tomato aspermy cucumovirus) – AsTV. Seeds of strongly susceptible to AsTV varieties of salad Chameleon and Bouquet were subjected to thermotherapy at different temperatures (37°C, 38°C, 40°C) for a different time interval (1, 3, 5, 7, 10 days) in dry form and when moistened. Marked varietal specificity during germination of seeds after thermotherapy. Thus, the greatest number of seedlings in the emerald variety was obtained after 5 days of thermotherapy (10.0±0), while the Bouquet variety had the best results after 3 days of thermotherapy (9.3±1.2) with moisture. After thermotherapy of dry seeds by 40°C plant material of cultivar Emerald was planted on solid and liquid culture media. The conditions of step sterilization of lettuce seeds for introduction into the culture in vitro were chosen: washing in 96% ethanol, then in 50% aqueous solution of "Whiteness" with the addition of Twin-20, after in sterile distilled water. The nutrient medium for germination of lettuce seeds was used: Gamborg B5 (2% sucrose, 7.0 g/l agar), and the liquid nutrient medium was of that composition. The obtained seedlings were cutted and transferred to medium MS (2% sucrose, 0.1 mg/l ha and 1 mg/l BAP, 3.0 g/l phytogel). The formed shoots for rooting were transferred to the MS medium (2% sucrose, 3.0 g/l phytogel). In the future, lettuce plants will be adapted in vivo and tested for the presence of tomato aspermia virus in the planting material

Rapid development of homozygous lines through culture of isolated microspores in leafy crops of <i>Brassicaceae</i> Burnett

Relevance Biotechnological methods are generally used to speed up breeding programs and to enhance genetic diversity, so the culture of isolated microspore in vitro can be regarded as one of very suitable methods. Nontraditional and uncommon vegetable crops belonging to Brassicaceae Burnett. are becoming more popular. Methods Accessions of sarepta mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern.) and rocket salad (Eruca sativa Mill.) were taken for the study with the aim to optimize the basic protocol for these species. Results As a result of the study the optimum cultivation conditions have been determined for the species. Sizes of buds 2.5-3.5 mm long for sarepta mustard and 7.0-7.5 long for rocket salad which were used for cultivation had been experimentally defined. It was also shown that the cold pretreatment had improved the embryo yield. The nutritional NLN-13 medium with pH 6.1 and pretreatment at 32°C during a cultivation day had been shown to be more favourable for all accessions. All conditions that had been used were suitable for embryo formation. First divisions had been seen after 4 days of cultivation, while the embryos at primary cotyledonary stage only appeared after 2 weeks of cultivation. The embryo yield per 5 buds reached 25-30 and 5-7 in the sarepta mustard and the rocket salad, respectively. It is worth noticing that the root formation and plant adaptation had passed better and faster in sarepta mustard than in rocket salad. Thus, whole process of homozygous line developing can be completed for 4-5 months, making the breeding program 3 times shorter

Production of doubled haplois in Brassica purpuraria

Relevance. In recent years vegetable crop Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis var. purpuraria (synonyms: Brassica campestris L. var.purpurea Bailey; Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis var. purpurea) is gaining popularity as an object of genetic and molecular researches, and as an economically valuable vegetable plant due to the high content of biologically active compounds and distinctive economically valuable traits. Effective technology for development DH-plants to accelerate the breeding process for this culture has not been developed yet, so research in this area is relevant.Materials and methods. The study included two varieties from the collection of Vavilov AllRussian Research Institute of Plant Industry (VIR): No. 1301 (China) and No. 1357(Netherlands). Both protocols standard unmodified and with addition of silver nitrate (AgNO3) in the medium for embryogenesis induction were used in experiments for production of DH plants from isolated microspore in vitro. Direct chromosome counting in meristem cells and flow cytometry were used to determine the ploidy of regenerating plants.Results. As a result of the study embryogenesis in B. purpuraria culture can develop with the use of a standard protocol as well as with the addition of silver nitrate that showed a positive effect on the induction of embryogenesis. The yield of embryoids varied depending on the genotype of the individual plant within the variety accession. The highest yield of embryoids was 40 embryoids/petri dish. The main problem at the stage of regeneration is that about half of the regenerating plants occurred to be albinos and were not viable. We show a high degree of spontaneous chromosome doubling in regenerated plants (all analyzed plants were doubled haploids). In total 38 regenerated plants were obtained from accession No. 1301. It was shown that four DH-plants had self-incompatibility after self-pollination, but seed progeny from other plants was obtained. The created material was taken for genetics study and breeding work

Effect of ZnO-based TCO on the performance of a-Si H(n)/a-Si H(i)/c-Si H(p)/Al BSF(p+)/Al heterojunction solar cells

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