Closantel (R 31.520) no tratamento da Dermatobia hominis (Lineu Jr., 1781)

The therapeutical activity of closantel (R 31.520), a compound synthetized by Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerse, Belgium, was observed in rats and bovines experimentally infested by "bernes" (Dermatobia hominis). Rats treated with a single dose (20 mg/kg I.M.) presented a percentage of cure of 88.9%, while in bovines a single dose of 10 and 12. 5 mg/kg showed a percentage of efficacy of 95.5 and 97.3% respectively. The preventive and larvicidal activities were also observed in rats and bovines infested by larvae of D. hominis.A ação terapêutica do Closantel (R 31.520) (sintetizado pela Janssen Pharmaceutica – Besse - Belgica) foi verificada em roedores e bovinos experimentalmente infestados pelo berne (Dermatobia hominis) (Lineu Jr., 1781). Em ratos tratados com dose única de 20 mg/kg I.M. o percentual de cura foi de 88,9%, enquanto que em bezerros (dose única de 10 e 12,5 mg/kg) os percentuais de cura foram de, respectivamente, 95,5 e 97,3%. Foram também observadas a ação profilática e a ação larvicida do closantel, em dermatobiose de rato e de bovino

Modélisation des transformations pour l'évolution de modèles multidimensionnels

La modélisation et l'entreposage des données ont constitué, depuis plus d'une décennie, une problématique de recherche pour laquelle différentes approches ont été proposées. Ces approches se focalisent sur des aspects statiques de l'entrepôt de données. Or, l'évolution du système d'information qui alimente un entrepôt peut avoir un impact sur ce dernier et peut conduire, par conséquent, à l'évolution de son modèle multidimensionnel. Dans ce contexte évolutif, nous proposons une démarche dirigée par les modèles pour automatiser la propagation de l'évolution du modèle de la source de données relationnelle vers l'entrepôt. Cette démarche est fondée sur deux modèles d'évolution ainsi qu'un ensemble de règles de transformation formalisées en Query/View/Transformation. Nous développons un prototype logiciel nommé DWE (« Data Warehouse Evolution ») qui supporte cette démarche

Phylogeography of Sardinian Cave Salamanders (Genus Hydromantes) Is Mainly Determined by Geomorphology

Detecting the factors that determine the interruption of gene flow between populations is key to understanding how speciation occurs. In this context, caves are an excellent system for studying processes of colonization, differentiation and speciation, since they represent discrete geographical units often with known geological histories. Here, we asked whether discontinuous calcareous areas and cave systems represent major barriers to gene flow within and among the five species of Sardinian cave salamanders (genus Hydromantes) and whether intraspecific genetic structure parallels geographic distance within and among caves. We generated mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences from 184 individuals representing 48 populations, and used a Bayesian phylogeographic approach to infer possible areas of cladogenesis for these species and reconstruct historical and current dispersal routes among distinct populations. Our results show deep genetic divergence within and among all Sardinian cave salamander species, which can mostly be attributed to the effects of mountains and discontinuities in major calcareous areas and cave systems acting as barriers to gene flow. While these salamander species can also occur outside caves, our results indicate that there is a very poor dispersal of these species between separate cave systems

Infecção experimental de macacos Cebus apella sp pelo Trypanosoma cruzi (cepa "y") I - curva da parasitemia na fase aguda da doença de Chagas

Sete macacos (Cebus apella sp) foram inoculados por via subcutânea peto Trypanosoma cruzi com um número de formas tripomastigotas que variou de 25 x 103 a 5 x 1O6. Um outro primata, também da mesma espécie, foi inoculado por via palpebral com fezes de Triatoma infestans contendo formas de T. cruzi provenientes da mesma cepa "Y". A presença do T. cruzi foi assinalada na maioria dos animais, pela primeira vez, no 8º dia após a infecção. Os picos máximos da parasitemia foram observados entre o 9º e o 12º dia da infecção. O número de tripanosomas caiu acentuadamente do 19º ao 25º dia. Todos os animais infectados sobreviveram. Estudos estão sendo conduzidos com o intuito de se observar o comportamento destes animais na fase crônica da doença

Bayesian phylogeography results.

<p>Maximum clade credibility tree from Bayesian phylogeography analysis showing posterior probabilities >0.6 on branch nodes. Color coding and thickness of branches indicate different dispersal rates: thicker and red colored branches correspond to higher dispersal rates, while blue and thinner branches correspond to slower dispersal rates. Numbers at the bottom of the figure indicate relative time scale in percentage from the last common ancestor. “0” indicates that no time has passed and “1” that 100% time has passed since the last common ancestor.</p

Phylogenetic reconstruction.

<p>Phylogenetic Maximum Likelihood tree with bootstrap support and Bayesian posterior probabilities indicated at the nodes. Divergent clades within each species further investigated for genetic distances are indicated with the species name and the clade number next to the tree. Network correspondence (as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0032332#pone-0032332-g005" target="_blank">Figures 5</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0032332#pone-0032332-g006" target="_blank">6</a>) is indicated next to each clade. Differently colored bars next to the haplotype names indicate distinct calcareous areas as shown in the maps next to the tree. Numbers on the maps refer to sampling localities (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0032332#pone-0032332-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>). Bootstrap values and posterior probabilities below 50 and 0.7, respectively and outgroups are not shown.</p

Optimal intraspecific grouping that maximizes genetic divergence.

<p>Plot of the number of groupings (<i>K</i>, on the x-axes) versus the <i>F_CT</i> values obtained for each <i>K</i> grouping (y-axes) according to the SAMOVA results. See text for details.</p