Glyphozines and treatment of cardiac disease

Glyphozines also called SGLT2 inhibitors, are a new class of agents that inhibit reabsorption of glucose in the kidney, in proximal tubules, and therefore lower blood sugar. They act by inhibiting sodiumglucose transport protein 2 (SGLT2). Glyphozines are used in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. In studies with canagliflozin, a member of this class, the medication was found to enhance blood sugar control as well as reduce body weight and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. In addition to regulate blood glucose, recent studies have shown that glyphozines have important positive cardiovascular benefits, such as weight loss, decreased volaemia and PA, reduced triglycerides, natriuresis and improved endothelial wall dysfunction. Clinical studies have shown reduction in deaths from cardiovascular events among diabetic patients treated with glyphozines. At the moment these drugs are being studied for an extension of the therapeutic indication also for cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure. In this review, we discuss the class of SGLT2 inhibitors in the treatment of diabetes, and studies focused on their possible role in the treatment of cardiac disease

THE RISKS AND ADVANTAGES OF ANTI-DIABETES THERAPY IN THE POSITIVE COVID-19 PATIENT

The new Sars-Cov-2 (COVID-19) is causing thousands of deaths worldwide and has caused a global pandemic, one of the biggest health challenges ever faced in history. in the most severe cases, Sars-Cov-2 infection can cause fatal lung injuries. In this context, it is essential to recognise effective therapeutic agents against the virus. There are currently no direct and effective vaccines and antivirals available. People with pre-existing conditions, such as diabetes, and with chronic drug therapies in place may represent complex patients difficult to manage clinically during COVID-19 infection and at high risk of major complications. The regulation of blood glucose and the adoption of appropriate measures are critical aspects to consider for the diabetic patient in this pandemic period, especially in the patient with ongoing infection. In this article we describe the current evidence in the literature on the possible risks of side effects caused by taking antidiabetic drugs in the COVID-19 patient and the data on extra homeostasis glycemic activity useful to fight viral infection. Peer Review History: Received 25 May 2020; Revised 8 June; Accepted 3 July, Available online 15 July 2020 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest 'Advanced OPEN peer review' system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is 'to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript'. Our reviewers check the 'strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly'. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Name: Dr. Heba M. Abd El-Azim Affiliation: Damanhour University, Egypt E-mail: [email protected] Name: Dr. George Zhu Affiliation: Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran E-mail: [email protected] Comments of reviewer(s): Similar Articles: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIABETES MELLITUS AND TUBERCULOSIS IN REVIEW OF PREVALENCE, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREVENTIO

USE OF COLCHICINE TO COUNTERACT THE STRONG HYPERINFLAMMATORY STATE INDUCED BY SARS-COV-2

Research in present time has been focusing on finding a specific SARS-CoV-2 vaccine or antiviral, which will probably be the therapeutic goal in the fight against the virus. In the meantime, scientific evidence shows that it is possible to have effective clinical improvements of infected patients in reducing the strong hyperinflammatory state. The SARS-CoV-2 infection is divided into three stages. The most serious phase is the third one where the immune system overdrives and launches an intense attack against itself. This is called "cytokine storm" and leads to tissue damage and often to death. Stopping the cytokine storm early is definitely an effective move; since March several studies have been evaluating how this can be an important pharmacological aspect. Blocking IL-6 or IL-1 inhibitors, for example, is already known to have wide efficacy, but they are not alone in being able to block the cascade of cytokines. This is a clinical pharmacology article and demonstrates how the use of colchicine, monotherapy or in combination in all three phases of SARS-CoV-2, controls inflammation and prevents patient death. Colchicine is safe and effective for treating SARS-CoV-2 patients in preventing inflammation and lung collapse and is certainly useful as an added remedy for other drugs. The advantage is certainly its safety profile much higher than that provided by other drugs, such as corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs. Note is the story of hydroxychloroquine: use has been banned due to its high toxicity. Peer Review History: Received 25 May 2020; Revised 10 June; Accepted 6 July, Available online 15 July 2020 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest 'Advanced OPEN peer review' system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is 'to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript'. Our reviewers check the 'strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly'. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Name: Dr. Jennifer Audu-Peter Affiliation: University of Jos, Nigeria E-mail: [email protected] Name: Robert Tungadi Affiliation: State University of Gorontalo, Indonesia E-mail: [email protected] Comments of reviewer(s)

Rischi e problematiche medico-legali in epilessia

For patients with epilepsy coping with the reaction of other people can sometimes be the most difficult part of living with the disease. In many Countries social implications of epilepsy have determined the institution of legislative interventions to patient's rights. Therefore the clinician's responsibility includes helping patients in knowing their rights and the most important laws that have special relevance for people with epilepsy. This article discusses legislative aspects, referring to the Italian law, concerning epilepsy management. Many areas of the life of a person with epilepsy are considered, such as driving, employment, and recreational pursuits

New Indole Tubulin Assembly Inhibitors Cause Stable Arrest of Mitotic Progression, Enhanced Stimulation of Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxic Activity, and Repression of Hedgehog-Dependent Cancer

We designed 39 new 2-phenylindole derivatives as potential anticancer agents bearing the 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl moiety with a sulfur, ketone, or methylene bridging group at position 3 of the indole and with halogen or methoxy substituent(s) at positions 4-7. Compounds 33 and 44 strongly inhibited the growth of the P-glycoprotein-overexpressing multi-drug-resistant cell lines NCI/ADR-RES and Messa/Dx5. At 10 nM, 33 and 44 stimulated the cytotoxic activity of NK cells. At 20-50 nM, 33 and 44 arrested >80% of HeLa cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, with stable arrest of mitotic progression. Cell cycle arrest was followed by cell death. Indoles 33, 44, and 81 showed strong inhibition of the SAG-induced Hedgehog signaling activation in NIH3T3 Shh-Light II cells with IC50 values of 19, 72, and 38 nM, respectively. Compounds of this class potently inhibited tubulin polymerization and cancer cell growth, including stimulation of natural killer cell cytotoxic activity and repression of Hedgehog-dependent cancer

Potential of Core-Collapse Supernova Neutrino Detection at JUNO

JUNO is an underground neutrino observatory under construction in Jiangmen, China. It uses 20kton liquid scintillator as target, which enables it to detect supernova burst neutrinos of a large statistics for the next galactic core-collapse supernova (CCSN) and also pre-supernova neutrinos from the nearby CCSN progenitors. All flavors of supernova burst neutrinos can be detected by JUNO via several interaction channels, including inverse beta decay, elastic scattering on electron and proton, interactions on C12 nuclei, etc. This retains the possibility for JUNO to reconstruct the energy spectra of supernova burst neutrinos of all flavors. The real time monitoring systems based on FPGA and DAQ are under development in JUNO, which allow prompt alert and trigger-less data acquisition of CCSN events. The alert performances of both monitoring systems have been thoroughly studied using simulations. Moreover, once a CCSN is tagged, the system can give fast characterizations, such as directionality and light curve

Detection of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with JUNO

As an underground multi-purpose neutrino detector with 20 kton liquid scintillator, Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is competitive with and complementary to the water-Cherenkov detectors on the search for the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB). Typical supernova models predict 2-4 events per year within the optimal observation window in the JUNO detector. The dominant background is from the neutral-current (NC) interaction of atmospheric neutrinos with 12C nuclei, which surpasses the DSNB by more than one order of magnitude. We evaluated the systematic uncertainty of NC background from the spread of a variety of data-driven models and further developed a method to determine NC background within 15\% with {\it{in}} {\it{situ}} measurements after ten years of running. Besides, the NC-like backgrounds can be effectively suppressed by the intrinsic pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) capabilities of liquid scintillators. In this talk, I will present in detail the improvements on NC background uncertainty evaluation, PSD discriminator development, and finally, the potential of DSNB sensitivity in JUNO

Primavera rigogliosa alla sezione Musica

In questa primavera la Sezione Musica dell’Istituto Storico Germanico offre una programmazione ricca di appuntamenti. Segnalo i prossimi e imminenti, che coinvolgeranno gli studiosi della sezione Musica. Vi aspettiamo, non mancate! Lunedì 8 maggio ore 17,00   Conferenza Richard Erkens (Istituto Storico Germanico di Roma) Ruolo e influenza di un impresario a Roma: Giuseppe Polvini Faliconti (1717-1741) Aula di Storia della Musica «Nino Pirrotta» Edificio di Lettere e Filosofia, IV piano Sapien..

Il cardinal Colonna e Alessandro Scarlatti: musica e teatro in tempo di villeggiatura all'inizio del Settecento

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