Testing Endogenous Growth in South Korea and Taiwan

We evaluate the endogenous growth hypothesis using sectoral data for South Korea and Taiwan. Our empirical work relies on a direct measure of the variety of products from each sector which can serve as intermediate inputs or as final goods. We test whether changes in the variety of these inputs, for Taiwan relative to Korea, are correlated with the growth in total factor productivity (TFP) in each sector, again measured in Taiwan relative to Korea. We find that changes in relative product variety (entered as either a lag or a lead) have a positive and significant effect on TFP in eight of the sixteen sectors. Seven out of these eight sectors are what we classify as secondary industries, in that they rely on differentiated manufactured inputs, and therefore seem to fit the idea of endogenous growth. Among the primary industries that rely more heavily on natural resources, we find more mixed evidence.

Semantic-aware Transmission for Robust Point Cloud Classification

As three-dimensional (3D) data acquisition devices become increasingly prevalent, the demand for 3D point cloud transmission is growing. In this study, we introduce a semantic-aware communication system for robust point cloud classification that capitalizes on the advantages of pre-trained Point-BERT models. Our proposed method comprises four main components: the semantic encoder, channel encoder, channel decoder, and semantic decoder. By employing a two-stage training strategy, our system facilitates efficient and adaptable learning tailored to the specific classification tasks. The results show that the proposed system achieves classification accuracy of over 89\% when SNR is higher than 10 dB and still maintains accuracy above 66.6\% even at SNR of 4 dB. Compared to the existing method, our approach performs at 0.8\% to 48\% better across different SNR values, demonstrating robustness to channel noise. Our system also achieves a balance between accuracy and speed, being computationally efficient while maintaining high classification performance under noisy channel conditions. This adaptable and resilient approach holds considerable promise for a wide array of 3D scene understanding applications, effectively addressing the challenges posed by channel noise.Comment: submitted to globecom 202

Quadruple bonding between iron and boron in the BFe(CO)3- complex.

While main group elements have four valence orbitals accessible for bonding, quadruple bonding to main group elements is extremely rare. Here we report that main group element boron is able to form quadruple bonding interactions with iron in the BFe(CO)3- anion complex, which has been revealed by quantum chemical investigation and identified by mass-selected infrared photodissociation spectroscopy in the gas phase. The complex is characterized to have a B-Fe(CO)3- structure of C3v symmetry and features a B-Fe bond distance that is much shorter than that expected for a triple bond. Various chemical bonding analyses indicate that the complex involves unprecedented B≣Fe quadruple bonding interactions. Besides the common one electron-sharing σ bond and two Fe→B dative π bonds, there is an additional weak B→Fe dative σ bonding interaction. This finding of the new quadruple bonding indicates that there might exist a wide range of boron-metal complexes that contain such high multiplicity of chemical bonds

USE JD-R THEORY TO EXPLORE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEE EXPERIENCE AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT—TAKING JOB DEMANDS AS THE MODERATING VARIABLE

Past research has proven that employee experience has a positive impact on employee engagement. Based on the conceptual framework of Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R) model, this study regards efficient employee experience as a job resource to explore the impact of "employee experience" and” job demands” on employee engagement in organizations. Work requirements are further divided into challenge demand and hindrance demand. This study adopts the experimental design of the scenario method and uses two two-factor independent sample designs, namely 2x2(employee experience is high / employee experience is low x challenging job demands is high / challenging job demands is low) and 2x2(employee experience is high / employee experience is low x hindering job demands is high / hindering job demands is low).A total of 176 valid questionnaires were collected. The research results found that when employee experience is high, employee engagement is higher than when employee experience is low. Employee experience and job demands have an interactive effect on employee engagement. When employee experience is high, employee engagement will be higher when challenging job demands are added than when hindering job demands are added. It is expected that the results of this study can help in theoretical and practical application

Fabrication and Photovoltaic Characteristics of Coaxial Silicon Nanowire Solar Cells Prepared by Wet Chemical Etching

Nanostructured solar cells with coaxial p-n junction structures have strong potential to enhance the performances of the silicon-based solar cells. This study demonstrates a radial junction silicon nanowire (RJSNW) solar cell that was fabricated simply and at low cost using wet chemical etching. Experimental results reveal that the reflectance of the silicon nanowires (SNWs) declines as their length increases. The excellent light trapping was mainly associated with high aspect ratio of the SNW arrays. A conversion efficiency of ∼7.1% and an external quantum efficiency of ∼64.6% at 700 nm were demonstrated. Control of etching time and diffusion conditions holds great promise for the development of future RJSNW solar cells. Improving the electrode/RJSNW contact will promote the collection of carries in coaxial core-shell SNW array solar cells

Computing layouts with deformable templates

In this paper, we tackle the problem of tiling a domain with a set of deformable templates. A valid solution to this problem completely covers the domain with templates such that the templates do not overlap. We generalize existing specialized solutions and formulate a general layout problem by modeling important constraints and admissible template deformations. Our main idea is to break the layout algorithm into two steps: a discrete step to lay out the approximate template positions and a continuous step to refine the template shapes. Our approach is suitable for a large class of applications, including floorplans, urban layouts, and arts and design.</jats:p