Quantum Hall States of High Symmetry

We identify some hidden symmetries of Chern-Simons theories, such as appear in the effective theory for quantized Hall states. This allows us to determine which filling fractions admit spin-singlet quantum Hall states. Our results shed some light on states already observed at $\nu=2/3$, and transitions between them. We identify SU(2), or higher, symmetries of many additional states -- including spin-polarized states. Our symmetries classify low-lying excited states and may be of use in the construction of trial wavefunctions, but are typically not present in the edge theory, where they are lifted by non-universal couplings.Comment: 17 pages, PostScript, 1 figure included. Revision - corrected slight error in equation (3.5) on Page

Spin-Singlet to Spin Polarized Phase Transition at ν=2/3\nu=2/3: Flux-Trading in Action

We analyze the phase transition between spin-singlet and spin-polarized states which occurs at $\nu=2/3$. The basic strategy is to use adiabatic flux-trading arguments to relate this transition to the analogous transition at $\nu=2$. The transition is found to be similar to a transition in ferromagnets. In our analysis, we find two possible scenarios. In one, the transition is first-order, in agreement with experimental and numerical studies of the $\nu=2/3$ transition. In the other, we find a second-order transition to a partially polarized state followed by a second-order transition to a fully polarized state. This picture is in qualitative agreement with experiments on the $\nu=4/3$ state, the particle-hole conjugate of $\nu=2/3$. We analyze the edge modes which propagate at the boundaries between regions of different phases and show that these do not support gapless excitations. Finally, we consider the possibility of a finite-temperature compressible state with a Fermi surface which would explain the non-zero $\rho_{xx}$ seen in experiments.Comment: 18 pages, no figures, Phyzz

The Hybrid Algorithm for Data Collection over a Tree Topology in WSN

Wireless sensor networks have wide range of application such as analysis of traffic, monitoring of environmental, industrial process monitoring, technical systems, civilian and military application. Data collection is a basic function of wireless sensor networks (WSN) where sensor nodes determine attributes about a phenomenon of concern and transmits their readings to a common base station(sink node). In this paper, we use contention-free Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) support scheduling protocols for such data collection applications over tree-based routing topology. We represent a data gathering techniques to get the growing capacity, routing protocol all along with algorithms planned for remote wireless sensor networks. This paper describes about the model of sensor networks which has been made workable by the junction of micro-electro-mechanical systems technologies, digital electronics and wireless communications. Firstly the sensing tasks and the potential sensor network applications are explored, and assessment of factors influencing the design of sensor networks is provided. In our propose work using data compression and packet merging techniques; or taking advantage of the correlation in the sensor readings. Consider continuous monitoring applications where perfect aggregation is achievable, i.e., every node is capable of aggregate the entire packets expected from its children as well as that generate by itself into a particular packet before transmit in the direction of its sink node or base station or parent node. Keyword: Aggregation, Data Converge-cast, Data fusion, Energy Efficiency, Routing and TDMA

Wear and Click - Glove Mouse

There are many ways for Human computer interaction. Out of these standard PC mouse has been in use for over 40 years. There are many limitations with the standard mouse. In this paper, a different method of interaction is proposed. For this Glove Mouse is designed for controlling the mouse movements on computer. The device is used for basic interface tasks like clicking, enabling and disabling. With the new device, the user can move the mouse cursor around the computer screen by just moving his hand. User can also perform clicks with this new device. The glove mouse senses the user actions via two types of sensors: accelerometers and finger contact pads. For processing and transmitting the signals, it uses microcontroller and RF module. This Novel approach enhances the user experience of interaction with computer even from very large distance. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150515

Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Syzygium aromaticum and Allium sativum Against Food Associated Bacteria and Fungi

The successful control of food spoilage microorganisms require the use of indigenous antimicrobials in foods including certain botanical compounds that have been historically used for flavour enhancement as well as preservation. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) and Allium sativum (garlic) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative food associated bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, B. megaterium, B. polymyxa, B. sphaericus, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and molds (Penicillium oxalicum, Aspergillus flavus, A. luchuensis, Rhizopus stolonifer, Scopulariopsis sp. and Mucor sp.) assayed by agar well diffusion method and poisoned food technique, respectively. Clove extract showed better antimicrobial activity than the garlic extract. The zone of inhibition in clove ethanolic extract against all the food associated bacteria was in the range of 25mm to 32mm and in molds the percent mycelial growth inhibition ranged from 70% to 100%. The growth inhibition zone in garlic ethanolic extract against bacteria was in the range of 20mm to 31mm and in molds the percent mycelial growth inhibition ranged between 20% and 50%. The clove ethanolic extract exhibited the maximum zone of inhibition against E. coli whereas garlic ethanolic extract showed maximum activity against B. subtilis. Both the extracts exhibited maximum percent mycelial growth inhibition against R. stolonifer. However garlic extract was not effective against P. oxalicum. The MIC values of clove ethanolic extract for different bacterial isolates ranged from 5.0mg/ml to 20mg/ml and 10 mg/ml to 20mg/ml against molds. The MIC values of garlic ethanolic extract for different bacterial and fungal isolates ranged from 10 mg/ml to 20mg/ml. The value of MBC and MFC equaled the MIC. Based on this finding, it may be suggested that these extracts may be used as natural antimicrobial additives to reclaim the shelf-life of foods

Non-Fermi Liquid Fixed Point in 2+1 Dimensions

We construct models of excitations about a Fermi surface that display calculable deviations from Fermi liquid behavior in the low-energy limit. They arise as a consequence of coupling to a Chern-Simons gauge field, whose fluctations are controlled through a ${1\over{k^x}}$ interaction. The Fermi liquid fixed point is shown to be unstable in the infrared for $x<1$, and an infrared-stable fixed point is found in a $(1-x)$-expansion, analogous to the $\epsilon$-expansion of critical phenomena. $x=1$ corresponds to Coulomb interactions, and in this case we find a logarithmic approach to zero coupling. We describe the low-energy behavior of metals in the universality class of the new fixed point, and discuss its possible application to the compressible $\nu={1\over2}$ quantum Hall state and to the normal state of copper-oxide superconductors.Comment: 24 pages, 2 figures uuencoded at end, use Phyzzx and epsf, PUPT 1438, IASSNS-HEP 93/8

Polycythemia: a mystery solved by history

Testosterone is responsible for increased muscle mass. Leaner body mass helps control weight and increases energy. High levels of testosterone help build muscles and also stimulate growth in strength. Androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS) are drugs that are structurally related to the cyclic steroid rings system and have similar effects to testosterone in the body. Athletes who abuse steroids do so for muscle growth and quick recovery. Testosterone - whether it's injected, applied via a patch or cream, or taken orally - allows athletes to rapidly increase muscle mass beyond their usual capacity, and also reduces their recovery time which allows them to train continuously with little need to rest their bodies in between workouts. Physiologically, erythrocytosis is defined by an erythrocyte mass that exceeds 125% of that predicted for sex and body mass. Much of the concern with the use of testosterone involves increase in blood viscosity, resulting from increased red blood cell mass causing a potential increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE), myocardial infarction (MI), and cerebrovascular accidents (CVA). We report a case of secondary polycythemia related to testosterone therapy

A rare case of cranial metastasis from an initial presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma

Cranial metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been seldom reported. Reported herein is the case of a painless parietal bone mass as an initial presentation of HCC in a 63-year-old female patient who was subsequently diagnosed to have HCV related cirrhosis. The biopsy from cranial lesion was confirmatory of HCC on immunohistochemistry. The patient had no known history of chronic liver disease. The presented diagnosis was made through detailed history, laboratory parameters and cross sectional imaging