Биохимический отклик двух видов рыб сем. Gobiidae на зараженность метацеркариями Cryptocotyle spp. в устье р. Чёрная (Чёрное море, Севастополь)

Изучен биохимический отклик двух видов рыб семейства бычковые – бычка-травяникаZosterisessor ophiocephalus (Pallas, 1814) и бычка-рыжика Ponticola eurycephalus (Kessler, 1874) на зараженность метацеркариями Cryptocotyle spp. в устье р. Чёрная (Чёрное море, Севастополь). Обнаружены видовые отличия ответной реакции биохимических параметров на зараженность рыб паразитами. Установлено, что при высоком уровне зараженности в мышцах бычка-рыжика происходит интенсификация процессов перекисного окисления липидов и ослабление антиоксидантной защиты, тогда как в мышцах бычка-травяника наблюдается повышение антиоксидантной ферментной активности. Предполагается, что травяник более устойчив к зараженности метацеркариями Cryptocotyle spp. по сравнению с рыжиком

Features of the hemostasis system state in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis detected by the method of low-frequency vibration piezoelectric hemocoagulography

Objective: to estimate the state of the hemostasis system in patients with tuberculosis by the method of LPHC. Methods: the state of the hemostasis system in patients with tuberculosis was evaluated with the aid of the analyzer of the blood rheological properties ARP - 01 “Mednord” as well as by the use of a standard complex of laboratory coagulation tests. The indices characterizing the initial stages of the blood coagulation, the intensity of thrombin formation and fibrin polymerization was evaluated by the LPHC method as well as the indices, which characterize the intensity of the clot retraction and fibrinolytic activity. Results: the comparative analysis of the state of the hemostasis system with the use of a standard coagulogram and LPHC express method in patients with tuberculosis revealed the presence of the processes of the moderate hyper-coagulation shift and suppression of fibrinolysis in them. Conclusion: the comparative estimation of the state of the hemostasis system in patients with tubercular infection with the aid of the method of low-frequency vibration piezoelectric hemocoagulography and standard coagulation tests revealed unidirectionality of the processes. The determination of changes in the components of the regulation of aggregation of the blood condition (RABC) system by the LPHC method allows to diagnose the development of complications in the blood coagulation system in patients with tuberculosis without manifestations of the corresponding clinical symptoms

Biomolecular characteristics of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica isolated in Siberia and in the Far East

A special feature of Y. pseudotuberculosis strains is its biochemical uniformity irrespective of the time and location of the causative agent isolation and the existence of 21 serological variants. Y. enterocolitica is a quite a heterogeneous species and is classified into 6 biochemical types associated with 29 serological variants. 221 Y. pseudotuberculosis and 447 Y. enterocolitica strains in total isolated in Siberia and in the Far East were characterized. Y. pseudotuberculosis genotype dominating in the Siberian and Far Eastern regions is presented by 0:1b serotype of the first genogroup (pYV+, ympA+, HPI-) in two- (47:82 МDa) or single-plasmid (47 МDа) variants. Ribotyping and fingerprinting revealed 8 and 10 Y. pseudotuberculosis genotypes, respectively, that indicated relative heterogeneity of the circulated strains. Regional difference of ribotypes and fingerprints was noted. 401 of447 Y. enterocolitica strains were classified as biotype A1 including 11 serotypes (0:4,32; 0:4,44; 0:5; 0:6,30; 0:6,31; 0;7,8; 0:12,25; 0:13,7; O:19,8; 0:41,43) and 46 strains belonged to biotypes 2-4 of O:3 and O:9 serotypes. Y. enterocolitica strains of biotypes 1A were isolated both from the environments, animals and patient samples as like the representatives of biotypes 2-4. The differentiating tests of fucose and sorbose made it possible to identify two species new for the Russian Federation - Y. mollaretii and Y. bercovierii. Y. enterocolitica biotypes 2-4 carried pYV plasmid and chromosomal ail, ystA virulence genes. These strains were referred to phagotypes X3 (2/0:9) and VIII (4/0:3) and also to phagotype Xz (3/0:3), unique for Russia. Y. enterocolitica biotype 1A containing ystB thermostable toxin gene was confirmed to be an infectious etiological agent

ANALYSiS OF EPiZOOTOLOGiCAL AND EPiDEMiOLOGiCAL ANTHRAX SiTUATiON iN 2000-2011 AND PROGNOSiS FOR 2012-2015

Epizootological and epidemiological anthrax situation in Siberia in 2000—2011 was analyzed. On the basis of the situation evaluation and. geographical demarcation of Siberia territory the anthrax morbidity was prognose

Current issues of anti-epidemic readiness of a Russian Federation region for emergency situations associated with infectious diseases dangerous for humans. Report 2. Priority directions of anti-epidemic readiness

The purpose of this study was to determine priority directions of anti-epidemic readiness of the Russian Federation Region for emergency situations associated with infectious diseases dangerous for humans, at the present stage. Readiness of the Russian Federation region for emergency situations associated with infectious diseases dangerous for humans (anti-epidemic readiness) implies a set of preventive and anti-epidemic measures, implementation of relevant management decisions at the Regional level, which aim to ensure the safety of people living (temporarily located) in conditions of epidemiological risks. Anti-epidemic readiness is provided through targeted distribution of logistics, human resources, scientific methods, and informational resources of public health of the region, taking into account the priority of the organization of preventive measures especially for those infectious diseases that define dominant epidemiological risk in a particular municipality. Efficient use of resources is not possible without administrative, legal and financial support. As the result of the research priority directions of anti-epidemic readiness of the Russian Federation region for emergency situations associated with infectious diseases dangerousfor humans, taking into account the dominant epidemiological risks, are formulated

CURRENT ISSUES OF ANTI-EPIDEMIC READINESS OF A RUSSIAN FEDERATION REGION FOR EMERGENCY SITUATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH INFECTIOUS DISEASES DANGEROUS FOR HUMANS. REPORT 1. CONCEPTS, TERMS, DEFINITIONS

In the last decade outbreaks and epidemics of infectious diseases dangerous for humans cause tension epidemiological situation in the world and in the Russian Federation. Epidemic manifestation of these diseases has symptoms of emergency situations and requires the use of additional forces and means of Public Health, as well as administrative, legal and financial support. The purpose of this study is formulation of the concept of "public health emergency situations associated with diseases dangerous for humans". In considering of definitions "emergency situation", "disease" and "event" in international and national law, the thesis is confirmed that epidemic manifestation of infectious diseases dangerous for humans, are signs of an emergency. In addition, the interpretation of these terms focuses on the distinction between potential risk and its actual implementation. Consequently, the threat of public health emergency situations should be viewed from the risk methodology, by which we proposed to evaluate internal and external epidemiological risks and to define its dominance for each municipality of the Russian Federation Region. Infectious diseases dangerous for humans which able to cause public health emergency situations, can be divided into three groups. 1. Diseases that form the external epidemiological risk - dangerous infectious diseases requiring measures for sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation. 2. Diseases that form the internal epidemiological risk - dangerous infectious diseases, registration both single and mass indigenous events requires emergency response and using of additional forces and means of public health of the Region. 3. Infectious diseases of importance in regional pathology, prevention of which is to implement long-term programs. In the framework of this paper the definition of "public health emergency situations associated with diseases dangerous for humans" is proposed. It focuses on the feasibility of upgrading approaches to priority directions of anti-epidemic readiness of the Russian Federation Region, taking into account the probability of epidemiological risks

Epizootiological and Epidemiological Situation on Anthrax in the Territories of Russia Bordering Mongolia

Carried out is the analysis of epizootiological and epidemiological situation on anthrax in the Republics of Altai, Buryatia and Tuva and the Trans-Baikal Region bordering Mongolia for the period of 1985–2010. The Republics of Buryatia and Tuva, and the Trans-Baikal Region are the territories with unsafe epizootiological and epidemiological situation, while the Altai Republic is relatively safe territory in this regard. Long extension of frontiers, intensification of trade and economic cooperation, passenger and cargo traffic increase, and existence of soil foci predetermine the necessity of inter-state partnership in monitoring these foci and making forecast on anthrax epizootiological and epidemiological situation

Effect of weight loss on the course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results of 6-month follow-up

Aim of investigation. To study the effect of nonpharmaceutical correction of body weight on the level ofhigh cardio-vascular risk markers at non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Material and methods. Overall 117 patients with NAFLD at steatosis stage combined to obesity or metabolic syndrome (MS) — 59 and 58 patents respectively, mean age 43 years (38 to 46 years) and 45 years (39- 49) were investigated. Levels of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism markers, TNF-α, leptin, adiponectin and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites were evaluated.Results. Weight loss for at least 5% was gained in 44,1% of patients with NAFLD in association to obesityand in 56,6% of those with NAFLD in combination to MS, that was accompanied by significant reduction of lipid atherogenic fraction levels (cholesterol, low density lipoproteins), decrease of insulin resistance index, CRP and TNF-α inflammation markers, and decrease of leptin concentration in MS group. Comparative analysis of adiponectin and NO metabolites concentration has shown demonstrated, that in patients with NAFLD both in combination to obesity, and in combination to MS the target level of weight loss is accompanied by elevation of adiponectin level (р<0,05) and NO stable metabolites (р<0,05), whereas concentration of nitrites is increased significantly (р<0,05) only in obese patients.Conclusions. Weight loss for 5% and over at steatosis stage of NAFLD is characterized by decrease ofbiochemical cardio-vascular risk markers, in addition the group with 40 min/day physical exercises inefficacy had lower level of insulin resistance index and TNF-α along with higher levels of NO metabolites

Epizootiological-and-Epidemiological Situation in Natural Tularemia Foci of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts in 2011, and Prognosis for 2012

Presented is a piece of information about the situation in natural tularemia foci and human morbidity in the territory of Siberia and Far East in 2011. Outlined is the prognosis of epizootic situation for 2012. In 2011, sporadic morbidity was registered in the Novosibirsk, Tomsk, Kemerovo, and Omsk Regions. Isolated cases of the disease were identified in the Altai Territory, in the Khanty-Mansiisk autonomous district, and the Sakhalin Region. Specified is the fact that in 2011 epizooties were of a local scale, and the situation on tularemia on the whole was favorable. Nevertheless, the possibility of aggravation of the situation in some territories in 2012 is not ruled out completely

MODERN METHODS OF LABORATORY RESEARCHES IN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF YERSINIOSES IN NOVOSIBIRSK REGION. QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM

The results of yersinioses microbiological monitoring in Novosibirsk Region are presented and introduction of a quality management system in activities of a laboratory of especially dangerous infections is experienced