ПРАВОВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ РЕПРОДУКТИВНОЙ ФУНКЦИИ БОЛЬНЫМИ РАКОМ МОЛОЧНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ

Actuality. In the conditions of modern development of medicine constantly there is an improvement of existing and emergence of  new methods of treatment of oncological diseases. The use of high- tech methods of medical care for the treatment of cancer allows to  increase the survival rates in the detection and subsequent  treatment of malignant neoplasms. This circumstance causes the  appearance of patients with cancer desire not only to cure this  underlying disease, but also to preserve the quality of life that  preceded it. Often, patients of reproductive age wish to realize their  reproductive function. The article analyzes the possibilities of the  medical organization, when detecting breast cancer in a patient of  childbearing age, to use methods of treatment aimed at the implementation of the patient’s reproductive rights.Purpose of research. To perform the law on the protection of  public health, which provides patient before the start of anticancer  therapy kryokonservierung oocyte.Results. It is noted that such opportunities are limited by the current legislation that does not grant the right to persons with such  cancer at the expense of the budget to use the methods of assisted  reproduction and cryopreservation technologies to maintain their  reproductive potential. The article substantiates the need to  consolidate the possibility for women of childbearing age who have  breast cancer and want to realize their reproductive function after  treatment before chemo - and radiation therapy to receive and  cryopreservate with the subsequent storage of oocytes, embryos or ovarian tissue at the expense of the budget.Актуальность. В условиях современного развития медицины постоянно совершенствуются существующие и появляются новые методы лечения онкологических заболеваний.  Применение для лечения онкологических заболеваний высокотехнологичных методов  оказания медицинской помощи позволяет увеличить цифры выживаемости при выявлении и  последующем лечении злокачественных новообразований. Данное обстоятельство  обусловливает появление у пациентов с онкологической патологией желания не только  излечить это основное заболевание, но и сохранить качество жизни, предшествовавшее  ему. Нередко пациенты хотят реализовать свою репродуктивную функцию. В статье анализируются возможности медицинской организации при обнаружении у пациентки фертильного возраста рака молочной железы использования методов лечения,  направленных на реализацию пациенткой своей репродуктивной функции.Цель исследования – проанализировать законодательство об охране здоровья граждан,  которое обеспечивает возможность пациента до начала противоопухолевой терапии криоконсервировать яйцеклетки.Результаты. Отмечается, что такие возможности ограничиваются действующим  законодательством, не предоставляющим право лицам с таким онкологическим заболеванием за счет бюджетных средств использовать методы  вспомогательной репродукции и криоконсервационных технологий для поддержания  своего репродуктивного потенциала. Обосновывается необходимость закрепления  возможности для женщин фертильного возраста, у которых обнаружен рак молочной  железы и желающих реализовать после лечения свою репродуктивную функцию, перед химио- и лучевой терапией получить и криоконсервировать с последующим  хранением ооциты, эмбрионы или ткань яичника за счет бюджетных средств

COVID-19 Pandemic and IBS. Results of the All-Russian Observational Non-interventional Program to Study the Effectiveness of the Drug Kolofort® in Real Clinical Practice in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome After a New Coronavirus Infection (VESNA)

Aim: to study the effectiveness and safety of using the drug Kolofort® in outpatients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) after a new coronavirus infection.Materials and methods. An observational non-interventional program was conducted in patients with exacerbation of IBS symptoms after a new coronavirus infection. One hundred forty-one patients took part in the study. The final efficacy analysis included data from 127 study participants. All patients complained of increased/appearing gastrointestinal symptoms that appeared within 1–6 months after the infection (all patients had a history of COVID-19 infection). To assess the presence and severity of symptoms of the disease, the “7 × 7” questionnaire was used before the start of treatment and three months after the start of treatment.Results. At the stage of inclusion in the program, the average total score on the “7 × 7” questionnaire was 17.36, which corresponded to a moderately severe disorder. During the treatment period, the average total score decreased to 6.14, which corresponded to borderline disorder. In addition, significant improvement was observed for each symptom separately. After three months of therapy, doctors rated the overall impression of the treatment on a 5-point Likert scale from “very effective” to “ineffective”. The average score was 4.24. In addition, no serious adverse events were identified while taking the drug.Conclusion. In real clinical practice, the drug Kolofort® demonstrated high clinical efficacy in the treatment of patients with IBS after COVID-19 infection

Limb development genes underlie variation in human fingerprint patterns

Fingerprints are of long-standing practical and cultural interest, but little is known about the mechanisms that underlie their variation. Using genome-wide scans in Han Chinese cohorts, we identified 18 loci associated with fingerprint type across the digits, including a genetic basis for the long-recognized “pattern-block” correlations among the middle three digits. In particular, we identified a variant near EVI1 that alters regulatory activity and established a role for EVI1 in dermatoglyph patterning in mice. Dynamic EVI1 expression during human development supports its role in shaping the limbs and digits, rather than influencing skin patterning directly. Trans-ethnic meta-analysis identified 43 fingerprint-associated loci, with nearby genes being strongly enriched for general limb development pathways. We also found that fingerprint patterns were genetically correlated with hand proportions. Taken together, these findings support the key role of limb development genes in influencing the outcome of fingerprint patterning

THE LEGAL ASPECTS OF REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS

Actuality. In the conditions of modern development of medicine constantly there is an improvement of existing and emergence of  new methods of treatment of oncological diseases. The use of high- tech methods of medical care for the treatment of cancer allows to  increase the survival rates in the detection and subsequent  treatment of malignant neoplasms. This circumstance causes the  appearance of patients with cancer desire not only to cure this  underlying disease, but also to preserve the quality of life that  preceded it. Often, patients of reproductive age wish to realize their  reproductive function. The article analyzes the possibilities of the  medical organization, when detecting breast cancer in a patient of  childbearing age, to use methods of treatment aimed at the implementation of the patient’s reproductive rights.Purpose of research. To perform the law on the protection of  public health, which provides patient before the start of anticancer  therapy kryokonservierung oocyte.Results. It is noted that such opportunities are limited by the current legislation that does not grant the right to persons with such  cancer at the expense of the budget to use the methods of assisted  reproduction and cryopreservation technologies to maintain their  reproductive potential. The article substantiates the need to  consolidate the possibility for women of childbearing age who have  breast cancer and want to realize their reproductive function after  treatment before chemo - and radiation therapy to receive and  cryopreservate with the subsequent storage of oocytes, embryos or ovarian tissue at the expense of the budget

Characteristics of oncological care in the reality of COVID-19 pandemic: views of a lawyer and a clinician

The past 2019 and the beginning of 2020 were remembered as the beginning of the spread of the threatening human civilization of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 infection (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, that threatens human civilization. In connection with the epidemic, which quickly turned into a pandemic, on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared a public health emergency of international significance, with high risks at the global level. Despite the growing incidence and spread of COVID-19 in our country, ensuring the protection of patients» rights is still one of the priorities of public health. It is necessary to assess the extent to which the re-profiling or introduction of an anti-epidemic regime in medical institutions that provide cancer care restricts the rights of patients whose guarantees, despite the pandemic, are enshrined in current legislation.The aim of the study is to analyze the legislation on restricting the rights of patients in connection with the threat of spread of COVID-19, evaluate the effectiveness and validity of re-profiling and switching to an anti-epidemic mode of operation of medical institutions that provide cancer care.It is noted that any legal prohibitions and restrictions must be justified by the purposes for which they are established, be scientifically justified and not violate the human rights and freedoms proclaimed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Measures taken by the state to contain the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic should be necessary to prevent or eliminate possible harm, if this cannot be done by other means and if the harm to the rights of citizens is the least possible