The longitudinal leading-twist distribution amplitude of J/ψJ/\psi meson within background field theory

We make a detailed study on the $J/\psi$ meson longitudinal leading-twist distribution amplitude $\phi_{2;J/\psi}^\|$ by using the QCD sum rules within the background field theory. By keeping all the non-perturbative condensates up to dimension-six, we obtain accurate QCD sum rules for the moments $\langle\xi_{n;J/\psi}^\|\rangle$. The first three ones are $\langle\xi_{2;J/\psi}^\|\rangle=0.083(12)$, $\langle\xi_{4;J/\psi}^\|\rangle=0.015(5)$ and $\langle\xi_{6;J/\psi}^\|\rangle=0.003(2)$, leading to a single peaked behavior for $\phi_{2;J/\psi}^\|$ which is sharper than the previous ones around the region of $x\sim0.5$. As an application, we adopt the QCD light-cone sum rules to calculate the $B_c$ meson semileptonic decay $B_c^+ \to J/\psi \ell^+ \nu_\ell$. We obtain $\Gamma(B_c^+ \to J/\psi \ell^+ \nu_\ell) = (89.67^{+24.76}_{-19.06}) \times 10^{-15}~{\rm GeV}$ and $\Re(J/\psi \ell^+ \nu_\ell) = 0.217^{+0.069}_{-0.057}$, which agree with the next-to-leading order pQCD prediction and the new CDF measurement within errors.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure

Electronic Structures and Surface States of Topological Insulator Bi1−x_{1-x}Sbx_{x}

We investigate the electronic structures of the alloyed Bi$_{1-x}$Sb$_x$ compounds based on first-principle calculations including spin-orbit coupling (SOC), and calculate the surface states of semi-infinite systems using maximally localized Wannier function (MLWF). From the calculated results, we analyze the topological nature of Bi$_{1-x}$Sb$_x$, and found the followings: (1) pure Bi crystal is topologically trivial; (2) topologically non-trivial phase can be realized by reducing the strength of SOC via Sb doping; (3) the indirect bulk band gap, which is crucial to realize the true bulk insulating phase, can be enhanced by uniaxial pressure along c axis. (4) The calculated surface states can be compared with experimental results, which confirms the topological nature; (5) We predict the spin-resolved Fermi surfaces and showed the vortex structures, which should be examined by future experiments.Comment: 8 pages, 11 figure

Oscillatory crossover from two dimensional to three dimensional topological insulators

We investigate the crossover regime from three dimensional topological insulators $Bi_2Te_3$ and $Bi_2Se_3$ to two dimensional topological insulators with quantum spin Hall effect when the layer thickness is reduced. Using both analytical models and first-principles calculations, we find that the crossover occurs in an oscillatory fashion as a function of the layer thickness, alternating between topologically trivial and non-trivial two dimensional behavior.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; 3 added references, an added not

Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in Hg1−y_{1-y}Mny_{y}Te Quantum Wells

The quantum Hall effect is usually observed when the two-dimensional electron gas is subjected to an external magnetic field, so that their quantum states form Landau levels. In this work we predict that a new phenomenon, the quantum anomalous Hall effect, can be realized in Hg$_{1-y}$Mn$_{y}$Te quantum wells, without the external magnetic field and the associated Landau levels. This effect arises purely from the spin polarization of the $Mn$ atoms, and the quantized Hall conductance is predicted for a range of quantum well thickness and the concentration of the $Mn$ atoms. This effect enables dissipationless charge current in spintronics devices.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures. For high resolution figures see final published version when availabl

Relating the neutrino mixing angles to a lepton mass hierarchy

We propose two phenomenological scenarios of lepton mass matrices and show that either of them can exactly give rise to \tan^2\theta_{13} = m_e/(m_e + 2m_\mu), \tan^2\theta_{23} = m_\mu/(m_e + m_\mu) and \tan^2\theta_{12} = (m_e m_2 + 2m_\mu m_1)/(m_e m_1 + 2m_\mu m_2) in the standard parametrization of lepton flavor mixing. The third relation, together with current experimental data, predicts a normal but weak hierarchy for the neutrino mass spectrum. We also obtain \theta_{13} \approx 2.8^\circ for the smallest neutrino mixing angle and J \approx 1.1% for the Jarlskog invariant of leptonic CP violation, which will soon be tested in the long-baseline reactor and accelerator neutrino oscillation experiments. A seesaw realization of both scenarios is briefly discussed.Comment: RevTeX 11 pages. Accepted for publicatio

A Time-independent Way to Probe D^0-\bar D^0 Mixing at Tau-charm Factories

$D^0-\bar{D}^0$ mixing leads to the mass and width differences in the mass eigenstates of $D^0$ and $\bar{D}^0$ mesons (measured by parameters $x^{~}_D$ and $y^{~}_D$ respectively), but their magnitudes cannot be reliably predicted by the standard model. We show that it is possible to separately determine $x^{~}_D$ and $y^{~}_D$ through {\it time-integrated} measurements of the dilepton events of coherent $D^0\bar{D}^0$ decays on the $\psi(4.14)$ resonance at a $\tau$-charm factory.Comment: 7 pages. Minor changes. (Phys. Lett. B in press

Correlation between the Charged Current Interactions of Light and Heavy Majorana Neutrinos

The evidence for neutrino oscillations implies that three neutrino flavors (\nu_e, \nu_\mu, \nu_\tau) must have different mass states (\nu_1, \nu_2, \nu_3). The most popular idea of generating tiny masses of \nu_i is to introduce three heavy Majorana neutrinos N_i (for i = 1, 2, 3) into the standard model and implement the seesaw mechanism. In this approach the neutrino mixing matrix V appearing in the charged current interactions of \nu_i is not unitary, and the strength of unitarity violation of V is associated with the matrix R which describes the strength of charged current interactions of N_i. We present an explicit parametrization of the correlation between V and R in terms of nine rotation angles and nine phase angles, which can be measured or constrained in the precision neutrino oscillation experiments and by exploring possible signatures of N_i at the LHC and ILC. Two special but viable scenarios, the Type-I seesaw model with two heavy Majorana neutrinos and the Type-II seesaw model with one heavy Majorana neutrino and one Higgs triplet, are taken into account to illustrate the simplified V-R correlation. The implications of R \neq 0 on the low-energy neutrino phenomenology are also discussed. In particular, we demonstrate that the non-unitarity of V is possible to give rise to an appreciable CP-violating asymmetry between \nu_\mu -> \nu_\tau and \bar{\nu}_\mu -> \bar{\nu}_\tau oscillations with short or medium baselines.Comment: RevTex 13 pages (1 figure). Some minor corrections and changes. Accepted for publication in Phys. Lett.

Model Hamiltonian for Topological Insulators

In this paper we give the full microscopic derivation of the model Hamiltonian for the three dimensional topological insulators in the $Bi_2Se_3$ family of materials ($Bi_2Se_3$, $Bi_2Te_3$ and $Sb_2Te_3$). We first give a physical picture to understand the electronic structure by analyzing atomic orbitals and applying symmetry principles. Subsequently, we give the full microscopic derivation of the model Hamiltonian introduced by Zhang {\it et al} [\onlinecite{zhang2009}] based both on symmetry principles and the ${\bf k}\cdot{\bf p}$ perturbation theory. Two different types of $k^3$ terms, which break the in-plane full rotation symmetry down to three fold rotation symmetry, are taken into account. Effective Hamiltonian is derived for the topological surface states. Both the bulk and the surface models are investigated in the presence of an external magnetic field, and the associated Landau level structure is presented. For more quantitative fitting to the first principle calculations, we also present a new model Hamiltonian including eight energy bands.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures, 5 table