2,707 research outputs found
Channel Acquisition for HF Skywave Massive MIMO-OFDM Communications
In this paper, we investigate channel acquisition for high frequency (HF)
skywave massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications with
orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. We first
introduce the concept of triple beams (TBs) in the space-frequency-time (SFT)
domain and establish a TB based channel model using sampled triple steering
vectors. With the established channel model, we then investigate the optimal
channel estimation and pilot design for pilot segments. Specifically, we find
the conditions that allow pilot reuse among multiple user terminals (UTs),
which significantly reduces pilot overhead. Moreover, we propose a channel
prediction method for data segments based on the estimated TB domain channel.
To reduce the complexity, we are able to formulate the channel estimation as a
sparse signal recovery problem due to the channel sparsity in the TB domain and
then obtain the channel by the proposed constrained Bethe free energy
minimization (CBFEM) based channel estimation algorithm, which can be
implemented with low complexity by exploiting the structure of the TB matrix
together with the chirp z-transform (CZT). Simulation results demonstrate the
superior performance of the proposed channel acquisition approach.Comment: 30 pages, 4 figure
Universal critical properties of the Eulerian bond-cubic model
We investigate the Eulerian bond-cubic model on the square lattice by means
of Monte Carlo simulations, using an efficient cluster algorithm and a
finite-size scaling analysis. The critical points and four critical exponents
of the model are determined for several values of . Two of the exponents are
fractal dimensions, which are obtained numerically for the first time. Our
results are consistent with the Coulomb gas predictions for the critical O()
branch for and the results obtained by previous transfer matrix
calculations. For , we find that the thermal exponent, the magnetic
exponent and the fractal dimension of the largest critical Eulerian bond
component are different from those of the critical O(2) loop model. These
results confirm that the cubic anisotropy is marginal at but irrelevant
for
Experimentally ruling out joint reality based on operational completeness
Whether the observables of a physical system admit real values is of
fundamental importance to a deep understanding of nature. In this work, we
report a device-independent experiment to confirm that the joint reality of two
observables on a single two-level system is incompatible with the assumption of
operational completeness, which is strictly weaker than that of preparation
noncontextuality. We implement two observables on a trapped ion to test this incompatibility via violation of certain inequalities
derived from both linear and nonlinear criteria. Moreover, by introducing a
highly controllable dephasing channel, we show that the nonlinear criterion is
more robust against noise. Our results push the fundamental limit to delineate
the quantum-classical boundary and pave the way for exploring relevant problems
in other scenarios.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Comparison of adverse effects of anti-tumor therapy for breast cancer shortly after COVID-19 diagnosis vs. the control period
BackgroundCOVID-19 is an acute infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The best time to restart antitumor therapy in breast cancer patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate treatment-related adverse events in breast cancer patients who received antitumor therapies within a short time after SARS-CoV-2 infection (observation) as well as before (control) and to provide safety data.MethodsWe conducted a self-controlled cohort study using the data from the Breast Disease Center of Peking University First Hospital. We identified patients who received antitumor therapy within 28 days after COVID-19 infection between December 20, 2022, and January 20, 2023. The primary outcome was treatment-related adverse events. McNemar’s test was used to compare the incidence rate of adverse reactions between periods.ResultsWe identified 183 patients with breast cancer, of whom 109 were infected with SARS-CoV-2 within 28 days before antitumor treatment and were included. In total, 28 patients (25.7%) received neoadjuvant therapy, 60 (55.0%) received adjuvant therapy, and 21 (19.3%) received advanced rescue therapy. None of patients required hospitalization for severe or critical COVID-19, but 15 patients (13.8%) still had sequelae of COVID-19 while receiving antitumor treatment. The most common adverse events were peripheral neuropathy (n = 32 [29.4%]), pain (n = 29 [26.6%]), fatigue (n = 28 [25.7%]), nausea (n = 23 [21.1%]), and neutropenia (n = 19 [17.4%]). There was no increased risk of overall treatment-related adverse events (n = 87 [79.8%] vs. n = 91 [83.5%]; p = 0.42) or serious adverse events (n = 13 [11.9%] vs. n = 12 [11.0%]; p = 1.00) from receiving antitumor therapy shortly after the diagnosis of COVID-19. We also found no increased risk in subgroup analyses, and no patients discontinued antitumor therapy due to adverse events.ConclusionRestarting antitumor therapy 2-4 weeks after having mild or moderate COVID-19 is a relatively safe strategy for breast cancer patients that does not increase the risk of treatment-related adverse events
Small molecular inhibitors for KRAS-mutant cancers
Three rat sarcoma (RAS) gene isoforms, KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS, constitute the most mutated family of small GTPases in cancer. While the development of targeted immunotherapies has led to a substantial improvement in the overall survival of patients with non-KRAS-mutant cancer, patients with RAS-mutant cancers have an overall poorer prognosis owing to the high aggressiveness of RAS-mutant tumors. KRAS mutations are strongly implicated in lung, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. However, RAS mutations exhibit diverse patterns of isoforms, substitutions, and positions in different types of cancers. Despite being considered “undruggable”, recent advances in the use of allele-specific covalent inhibitors against the most common mutant form of RAS in non-small-cell lung cancer have led to the development of effective pharmacological interventions against RAS-mutant cancer. Sotorasib (AMG510) has been approved by the FDA as a second-line treatment for patients with KRAS-G12C mutant NSCLC who have received at least one prior systemic therapy. Other KRAS inhibitors are on the way to block KRAS-mutant cancers. In this review, we summarize the progress and promise of small-molecule inhibitors in clinical trials, including direct inhibitors of KRAS, pan-RAS inhibitors, inhibitors of RAS effector signaling, and immune checkpoint inhibitors or combinations with RAS inhibitors, to improve the prognosis of tumors with RAS mutations
The puzzle of excessive non- component of the inclusive decay and the long-distant contribution
In this letter we suggest that the obvious discrepancy between theoretical
prediction on the decays of and data is to
be alleviated by taking final state interaction (FSI) into account. By assuming
that overwhelmingly dissociates into , then the final
state interaction induces a secondary process, we calculate the branching
ratios of . Our
results show that the branching ratio of
can reach up to while
typical parameters GeV and are adopted.
This indicates that the FSI is obviously non-negligible.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 tables. More references and discussions added,
typos corrected. Accepted by Phys. Lett.
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