227 research outputs found
EvaSurf: Efficient View-Aware Implicit Textured Surface Reconstruction on Mobile Devices
Reconstructing real-world 3D objects has numerous applications in computer
vision, such as virtual reality, video games, and animations. Ideally, 3D
reconstruction methods should generate high-fidelity results with 3D
consistency in real-time. Traditional methods match pixels between images using
photo-consistency constraints or learned features, while differentiable
rendering methods like Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) use differentiable volume
rendering or surface-based representation to generate high-fidelity scenes.
However, these methods require excessive runtime for rendering, making them
impractical for daily applications. To address these challenges, we present
, an fficient iew-ware
implicit textured ace reconstruction method on mobile devices.
In our method, we first employ an efficient surface-based model with a
multi-view supervision module to ensure accurate mesh reconstruction. To enable
high-fidelity rendering, we learn an implicit texture embedded with a set of
Gaussian lobes to capture view-dependent information. Furthermore, with the
explicit geometry and the implicit texture, we can employ a lightweight neural
shader to reduce the expense of computation and further support real-time
rendering on common mobile devices. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our
method can reconstruct high-quality appearance and accurate mesh on both
synthetic and real-world datasets. Moreover, our method can be trained in just
1-2 hours using a single GPU and run on mobile devices at over 40 FPS (Frames
Per Second), with a final package required for rendering taking up only 40-50
MB.Comment: Project Page: http://g-1nonly.github.io/EvaSurf-Website
Directional Texture Editing for 3D Models
Texture editing is a crucial task in 3D modeling that allows users to
automatically manipulate the surface materials of 3D models. However, the
inherent complexity of 3D models and the ambiguous text description lead to the
challenge in this task. To address this challenge, we propose ITEM3D, a
\textbf{T}exture \textbf{E}diting \textbf{M}odel designed for automatic
\textbf{3D} object editing according to the text \textbf{I}nstructions.
Leveraging the diffusion models and the differentiable rendering, ITEM3D takes
the rendered images as the bridge of text and 3D representation, and further
optimizes the disentangled texture and environment map. Previous methods
adopted the absolute editing direction namely score distillation sampling (SDS)
as the optimization objective, which unfortunately results in the noisy
appearance and text inconsistency. To solve the problem caused by the ambiguous
text, we introduce a relative editing direction, an optimization objective
defined by the noise difference between the source and target texts, to release
the semantic ambiguity between the texts and images. Additionally, we gradually
adjust the direction during optimization to further address the unexpected
deviation in the texture domain. Qualitative and quantitative experiments show
that our ITEM3D outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on various 3D objects.
We also perform text-guided relighting to show explicit control over lighting.
Our project page: https://shengqiliu1.github.io/ITEM3D.Comment: project page: https://shengqiliu1.github.io/ITEM3
Rapid assessment of early biophysical changes in K562 cells during apoptosis determined using dielectrophoresis
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a vital cellular process responsible for causing cells to self-terminate at the end of their useful life. Abrogation of this process is commonly linked to cancer, and rapid detection of apoptosis in vitro is vital to the discovery of new anti-cancer drugs. In this paper, we describe the application of the electrical phenomenon dielectrophoresis for detecting apoptosis at very early stages after drug induction, on the basis of changes in electrophysiological properties. Our studies have revealed that K562 (human myelogenous leukemia) cells show a persistent elevation in the cytoplasmic conductivity occurring as early as 30 minutes following exposure to staurosporine. This method therefore allows a far more rapid detection method than existing biochemical marker methods
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PEO based polymer-ceramic hybrid solid electrolytes: a review
Compared with traditional lead-acid batteries, nickel–cadmium batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are much more environmentally friendly and much higher energy density. Besides, LIBs own the characteristics of no memory effect, high charging and discharging rate, long cycle life and high energy conversion rate. Therefore, LIBs have been widely considered as the most promising power source for mobile devices. Commonly used LIBs contain carbonate based liquid electrolytes. Such electrolytes own high ionic conductivity and excellent wetting ability. However, the use of highly flammable and volatile organic solvents in them may lead to problems like leakage, thermo runaway and parasitic interface reactions, which limit their application. Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) can solve these problems, while they also bring new challenges such as poor interfacial contact with electrodes and low ionic conductivity at room temperature. Many approaches have been tried to solve these problems. This article is divided into three parts to introduce polyethylene oxide (PEO) based polymer-ceramic hybrid solid electrolyte, which is one of the most efficient way to improve the performance of SPEs. The first part focuses on polymer-lithium salt (LiX) matrices, including their ionic conduction mechanism and impact factors for their ionic conductivity. In the second part, the influence of both active and passive ceramic fillers on SPEs are reviewed. In the third part, composite SPEs’ preparation methods, including solvent casting and thermocompression, are introduced and compared. Finally, we propose five key points on how to make composite SPEs with high ionic conductivity for reference
Non-orthogonal cavity modes near exceptional points in the far field
Non-orthogonal eigenstates are a fundamental feature of non-Hermitian systems
and are accompanied by the emergence of nontrivial features. However, the
platforms to explore non-Hermitian mode couplings mainly measure near-field
effects, and the far-field behaviour remain mostly unexplored. Here, we study
how a microcavity with non-Hermitian mode coupling exhibits eigenstate
non-orthogonality by investigating the spatial field and the far-field
polarization of cavity modes. The non-Hermiticity arises from asymmetric
backscattering, which is controlled by integrating two scatterers of different
size and location into a microdisk. We observe that the spatial field overlaps
of two modes increases abruptly to its maximum value, whilst different
far-field elliptical polarizations of two modes coalesce when approaching an
exceptional point. We demonstrate such features experimentally by measuring the
far-field polarization from the fabricated microdisks. Our work reveals the
non-orthogonality in the far-field degree of freedom, and the integrability of
the microdisks paves a way to integrate more non-Hermitian optical properties
into nanophotonic systems.Comment: 11pages, 4 figure
A rare morphology of the cardiac fibroma in a child: a case report
Here we report a rare morphology of a cardiac fibroma in a child. A 2-year and 8-month-old toddler came for “chronic constipation” and was found to have a heart murmur on cardiac auscultation. Further transthoracic echocardiography suggested “a strong echogenic mass in the left ventricular wall, with some part of “a string of beads” in shape extending into left ventricle outflow tract”, which was atypical for either a tumor, thrombus or vegetation. The child underwent resection of the mass and mitral valvuloplasty. Pathological examination confirmed the mass as a cardiac fibroma
Whole-exome sequencing identifies protein-coding variants associated with brain iron in 29,828 individuals
Iron plays a fundamental role in multiple brain disorders. However, the genetic underpinnings of brain iron and its implications for these disorders are still lacking. Here, we conduct an exome-wide association analysis of brain iron, measured by quantitative susceptibility mapping technique, across 26 brain regions among 26,789 UK Biobank participants. We find 36 genes linked to brain iron, with 29 not being previously reported, and 16 of them can be replicated in an independent dataset with 3,039 subjects. Many of these genes are involved in iron transport and homeostasis, such as FTH1 and MLX. Several genes, while not previously connected to brain iron, are associated with iron-related brain disorders like Parkinson’s (STAB1, KCNA10), Alzheimer’s (SHANK1), and depression (GFAP). Mendelian randomization analysis reveals six causal relationships from regional brain iron to brain disorders, such as from the hippocampus to depression and from the substantia nigra to Parkinson’s. These insights advance our understanding of the genetic architecture of brain iron and offer potential therapeutic targets for brain disorders
On the Conformation of Dimeric Acceptors and Their Polymer Solar Cells with Efficiency over 18 %
The determination of molecular conformations of oligomeric acceptors (OAs) and their impact on molecular packing are crucial for understanding the photovoltaic performance of their resulting polymer solar cells (PSCs) but have not been well studied yet. Herein, we synthesized two dimeric acceptor materials, DIBP3F-Se and DIBP3F-S, which bridged two segments of Y6-derivatives by selenophene and thiophene, respectively. Theoretical simulation and experimental 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies prove that both dimers exhibit O-shaped conformations other than S- or U-shaped counter-ones. Notably, this O-shaped conformation is likely governed by a distinctive “conformational lock” mechanism, arising from the intensified intramolecular π–π interactions among their two terminal groups within the dimers. PSCs based on DIBP3F-Se deliver a maximum efficiency of 18.09 %, outperforming DIBP3F-S-based cells (16.11 %) and ranking among the highest efficiencies for OA-based PSCs. This work demonstrates a facile method to obtain OA conformations and highlights the potential of dimeric acceptors for high-performance PSCs
Intrachromosomal Looping Is Required for Activation of Endogenous Pluripotency Genes during Reprogramming
SummaryGeneration of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by defined factors is an extremely inefficient process, because there is a strong epigenetic block preventing cells from achieving pluripotency. Here we report that virally expressed factors bound to the promoters of their target genes to the same extent in both iPSCs and unreprogrammed cells (URCs). However, expression of endogenous pluripotentcy genes was observed only in iPSCs. Comparison of local chromatin structure of the OCT4 locus revealed that there was a cohesin-complex-mediated intrachromosomal loop that juxtaposes a downstream enhancer to the gene’s promoter, enabling activation of endogenous stemness genes. None of these long-range interactions were observed in URCs. Knockdown of the cohesin-complex gene SMC1 by RNAi abolished the intrachromosomal interaction and affected pluripotency. These findings highlight the importance of the SMC1-orchestrated intrachromosomal loop as a critical epigenetic barrier to the induction of pluripotency
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