19,865 research outputs found
Human capability evaluation approach for cybersecurity in critical industrial infrastructure
Every organization is as frail as its frailest human link in the cyber security of Industry Control System (ICS), which is without predisposition to conceivable technological solutions for enforcing security. Noticeably, human-involved systems are becoming more chaotic, and gravely under attacks due to irregular actions or inactions of human entities in the constituent chain. Many industrial cyber-attacks have successfully defeated technological security solutions through preying on human weaknesses in knowledge and skills, and manipulating insiders within organizations into unsuspectingly delivering entry and access to sensitive industrial assets. In order to help enterprises assess the level of employeesâ cyber security awareness and responsiveness, and enhance ICS Cyber security knowledge and skills for ICS protection, a Workforce Cyber Security Capability evaluation model is presented, and theoretically validated. A capability evaluation will allow industries to have a better understanding of the potential state of consciousness, readiness and diagnostic abilities of the industries; thus improve the prevention, detection, and response to any cyber-specific incidents
Stimulated Emission and Lasing from CdSe/CdS/ZnS Core-Multi-Shell Quantum Dots by Simultaneous Three-Photon Absorption
Cataloged from PDF version of article.Three-photon pumped stimulated emission and coherent random lasing from colloidal CdSe/CdS/ZnS core-multishell quantum dots are achieved for the first time. These results can offer new possibilities in biology and photonics, as well as at their intersection of biophotonics. © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Structural and magnetic phase diagram of CeFeAsO1-xFx and its relationship to high-temperature superconductivity
We use neutron scattering to study the structural and magnetic phase
transitions in the iron pnictides CeFeAsO1-xFx as the system is tuned from a
semimetal to a high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductor through
Fluorine (F) doping x. In the undoped state, CeFeAsO develops a structural
lattice distortion followed by a stripe like commensurate antiferromagnetic
order with decreasing temperature. With increasing Fluorine doping, the
structural phase transition decreases gradually while the antiferromagnetic
order is suppressed before the appearance of superconductivity, resulting an
electronic phase diagram remarkably similar to that of the high-Tc copper
oxides. Comparison of the structural evolution of CeFeAsO1-xFx with other
Fe-based superconductors reveals that the effective electronic band width
decreases systematically for materials with higher Tc. The results suggest that
electron correlation effects are important for the mechanism of high-Tc
superconductivity in these Fe pnictides.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figure
Cbx3 inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and neointima formation
This work was supported by British Heart Foundation (FS/09/044/28007, PG/11/40/28891, PG/13/45/30326, PG/15/11/31279, PG/15/86/31723, and PG/16/1/31892 to QX). This work forms part of the research portfolio for the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Barts
MiRNA-200c-3p promotes endothelial to mesenchymal transition and neointimal hyperplasia in artery bypass grafts
Increasing evidence has suggested a critical role for endothelialâtoâmesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in a variety of pathological conditions. MicroRNAâ200câ3p (miRâ200câ3p) has been implicated in epithelialâtoâmesenchymal transition. However, the functional role of miRâ200câ3p in EndoMT and neointimal hyperplasia in artery bypass grafts remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrated a critical role for miRâ200câ3p in EndoMT. Proteomics and luciferase activity assays revealed that fermitin family member 2 (FERM2) is the functional target of miRâ200câ3p during EndoMT. FERMT2 gene inactivation recapitulates the effect of miRâ200câ3p overexpression on EndoMT, and the inhibitory effect of miRâ200câ3p inhibition on EndoMT was reversed by FERMT2 knockdown. Further mechanistic studies revealed that FERM2 suppresses smooth muscle gene expression by preventing serum response factor nuclear translocation and preventing endothelial mRNA decay by interacting with Yâbox binding protein 1. In a model of aortic grafting using endothelial lineage tracing, we observed that miRâ200câ3p expression was dramatically upâregulated, and that EndoMT contributed to neointimal hyperplasia in grafted arteries. MiRâ200câ3p inhibition in grafted arteries significantly upâregulated FERM2 gene expression, thereby preventing EndoMT and reducing neointimal formation. Importantly, we found a high level of EndoMT in human femoral arteries with atherosclerotic lesions, and that miRâ200câ3p expression was significantly increased, while FERMT2 expression levels were dramatically decreased in diseased human arteries. Collectively, we have documented an unexpected role for miRâ200câ3p in EndoMT and neointimal hyperplasia in grafted arteries. Our findings offer a novel therapeutic opportunity for treating vascular diseases by specifically targeting the miRâ200câ3p/FERM2 regulatory axis. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Synergy between intention recognition and commitments in cooperation dilemmas
Commitments have been shown to promote cooperation if, on the one hand, they can be sufficiently enforced, and on the other hand, the cost of arranging them is justified with respect to the benefits of cooperation. When either of these constraints is not met it leads to the prevalence of commitment free-riders, such as those who commit only when someone else pays to arrange the commitments. Here, we show how intention recognition may circumvent such weakness of costly commitments. We describe an evolutionary model, in the context of the one-shot Prisoner's Dilemma, showing that if players first predict the intentions of their co-player and propose a commitment only when they are not confident enough about their prediction, the chances of reaching mutual cooperation are largely enhanced. We find that an advantageous synergy between intention recognition and costly commitments depends strongly on the confidence and accuracy of intention recognition. In general, we observe an intermediate level of confidence threshold leading to the highest evolutionary advantage, showing that neither unconditional use of commitment nor intention recognition can perform optimally. Rather, our results show that arranging commitments is not always desirable, but that they may be also unavoidable depending on the strength of the dilemma.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Top Quark Decays into Heavy Quark Mesons
For top quark decays into heavy quark mesons and , a
complete calculation to the leading order both in QCD coupling constant
and in , the typical velocity of the heavy quarks inside the
mesons, is performed. Relatons between the top quark mass and the decay
branching ratios are studied. Comparion with the results which are obtained by
using the quark frangmentation functions is also discussed. The branching
ratios are consistent (within a factor of ) with that obtained using
fragmentation functions at GeV.Comment: 15 pages in LaTex form, 4 figures include
Static non-reciprocity in mechanical metamaterials
Reciprocity is a fundamental principle governing various physical systems,
which ensures that the transfer function between any two points in space is
identical, regardless of geometrical or material asymmetries. Breaking this
transmission symmetry offers enhanced control over signal transport, isolation
and source protection. So far, devices that break reciprocity have been mostly
considered in dynamic systems, for electromagnetic, acoustic and mechanical
wave propagation associated with spatio-temporal variations. Here we show that
it is possible to strongly break reciprocity in static systems, realizing
mechanical metamaterials that, by combining large nonlinearities with suitable
geometrical asymmetries, and possibly topological features, exhibit vastly
different output displacements under excitation from different sides, as well
as one-way displacement amplification. In addition to extending non-reciprocity
and isolation to statics, our work sheds new light on the understanding of
energy propagation in non-linear materials with asymmetric crystalline
structures and topological properties, opening avenues for energy absorption,
conversion and harvesting, soft robotics, prosthetics and optomechanics.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figures, Supplementary information (11 pages and 5
figures
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