Correlation of Environmental Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polymorphisms in the Proto-oncogene v-Rel using Wild Atlantic Menhaden

Hurricane Sandy critically damaged the Atlantic coast of New Jersey in the fall of 2012. This was recorded as the largest storm to hit the Atlantic Ocean, which was manifested by its destruction on the homes and communities of those along the coastline. Contamination of surrounding waters due to this natural disaster was of great interest. The re-suspension of land-based pollution is proposed to make these contaminants more bioavailable to coastal species, such as Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), which are a crucial biomonitoring species through their ecological and economic uses. A proposed increase of body burdens in Atlantic menhaden could affect human health through toxicity in the aquatic food chain via consumption of other marine species. Atlantic menhaden were caught off the shores of the Atlantic coast surrounding New Jersey and were dissected for their raw fish oil, which was extracted from the oily-natured skin and studied with fluorescence spectroscopy to identify the presence of possible contaminants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Different levels of PAH-like substances were identified in catches from 2011, 2012, and 2013. Genomic analysis was used to study the effects of PAH-like substances on cancer-related genes, specifically proto-oncogene v-Rel (V-Rel Avian Reticuloendotheliosis Viral Oncogene Homolog). The presence of polymorphisms in v-Rel was studied in the previously caught Atlantic menhaden exposed to PAH pollution along the coastline of New Jersey. Analysis of the results indicated that there was no statistical difference in PAH-like compound concentrations or fluorescence patterns of raw fish oils collected before and after Hurricane Sandy. Excitation-Emission Matrix Scanning (EEMS) scans of raw fish oil from catches exposed to high amounts of PAH-like substances showed strong fluorescent signals yet few isomers and high genetic relatedness via gel electrophoresis analysis. EEM scans of raw fish oil with low and decreased fluorescence signals showed prominent bands with extreme variability, resulting in evident polymorphisms. It was found that high PAH concentration samples were associated together with low v-Rel variability and low PAH concentration samples were associated together with high v-Rel variability

Transforming College and Career Readiness: A Case Study of an Innovative High School Model in Tennessee

The purpose of this qualitative case study on implementing the Innovative High School Models Grant was to examine administrators’ and teachers’ experiences integrating college and career readiness programming into Career and Technical Education (CTE) pathways. Forward-thinking leadership and strategic partnerships were key to the initiative\u27s success, enhancing teacher quality, industry involvement, student impact, and campus culture. Using Vroom’s Theory of Expectancy Value as the framework, the study explores motivational factors and expected impacts driving the work. Recommendations include prioritizing teachers and leadership development, diversifying early postsecondary opportunities, and ensuring staff capacity for student support. The study’s insights may inform best practices for integrating college and career readiness into CTE pathways, facilitating students’ preparation for postsecondary education and professional success

Evaluation of Flax Oil Supplementation on Performance of Growing Dairy Heifer Calves and Lactating Cows

Utilization of flax oil is new to the livestock industry, and limited research has been done to see the benefits of feeding the highly unsaturated oil to both dairy calves and lactating cows. Two studies were conducted to evaluate the potential benefits of flax oil as a lipid supplement. The first study compared the supplementation of two plant based oils to growing dairy calves. Thirty-six female Holstein calves in individual hutches were used in a 12-wk randomized complete block design study. Treatments were: 1) control (CON) with no oil, 2) 80 g/d of flax oil (FLAX), and 3) and 80 g/d of soy oil (SOY). Pre-weaning the oils were fed with the milk and post-weaning the oils were topdressed on starter pellets. Calves were fed 2.83 L of pasteurized milk 2×/d during wk 1 to 5 and 1×/d during wk 6. Pellets and water were fed ad libitum. The calves were evaluated on body frame growth, health conditions, dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility, blood metabolite profiles, rumen fermentation, and plasma fatty acid concentrations. Dry matter intakes were greater in CON than FLAX with SOY similar to both. Calf BW and gain: feed were similar but had treatment × wk interactions. The ADG, body condition scores, withers heights and other frame measurements including hip height, heart girth, paunch girth, body length and hip width were similar among treatments. Fecal scores were similar overall but had an interaction of treatment × wk with SOY having greater fecal scores during weaning and the last two weeks. Body temperatures and respiratory scores were similar. Plasma urea nitrogen concentrations were not different among treatments. Concentrations of plasma beta-hydroxyl butyrate were greater for the CON calves compared to the two oil treatments. Plasma cholesterol was greater in the oil treatments compared to CON. Plasma triglycerides were greater in SOY. A tendency was observed for plasma glucose to be less in SOY. Total concentration of plasma fatty acids was increased with the oil supplements and proportion of individual fatty acids were altered. Supplementing flax and soy oil maintained growth performance compared to CON in the pre-weaning period when fed with milk, but decreased intake and BW during the last two weeks of the post-weaning period when fed with starter pellets. In addition, supplementing flax oil and soy oil maintained PUN concentrations, but altered circulating lipid and energy metabolism. This study demonstrates that the supplementation of plantbased oils to young calves affects their metabolic profile, does not affect body growth, and decreases intake when compared to a diet with no oil supplementation. The second study investigated the potential benefits of supplementing encapsulated flax oil to high producing Holstein dairy cows. Eight multiparous and 4 primiparous Holstein cows (73 ± 40 d in milk, 694 ± 71 kg of body weight) were used in a 3-wk randomized complete block design study. Cows were fed a basal diet containing 52% forages and 48% concentrates on a dry matter basis. Treatments were: 1) control (CON) with no oil, and 2) 250 g/d of encapsulated flax oil (FLAX). The DMI was not affected by inclusion of the encapsulated flax oil. Milk production, milk fat and milk protein had no differences between treatments. Plasma concentrations of glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol were similar among both treatments. Rumen ammonia tended to be less in the FLAX cows. All major VFA were similar between treatments. During the short 3 wk study minimal milk fatty acids differences were observed between treatments. However, since the cows on the FLAX treatment produced an average of 0.12 kg/d more of fat in their milk the total amount of the fatty acids was numerically greater than the CON treatment. Supplementing encapsulated flax oil, maintained lactation performance when compared to CON and increased milk fat percentage. Further research would be beneficial in both the calves and cows to validate the results of these preliminary evaluations on flax oil supplementation

Correlation of Environmental Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polymorphisms in the Proto-oncogene v-Rel using Wild Atlantic Menhaden

Hurricane Sandy critically damaged the Atlantic coast of New Jersey in the fall of 2012. This was recorded as the largest storm to hit the Atlantic Ocean, which was manifested by its destruction on the homes and communities of those along the coastline. Contamination of surrounding waters due to this natural disaster was of great interest. The re-suspension of land-based pollution is proposed to make these contaminants more bioavailable to coastal species, such as Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), which are a crucial biomonitoring species through their ecological and economic uses. A proposed increase of body burdens in Atlantic menhaden could affect human health through toxicity in the aquatic food chain via consumption of other marine species. Atlantic menhaden were caught off the shores of the Atlantic coast surrounding New Jersey and were dissected for their raw fish oil, which was extracted from the oily-natured skin and studied with fluorescence spectroscopy to identify the presence of possible contaminants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Different levels of PAH-like substances were identified in catches from 2011, 2012, and 2013. Genomic analysis was used to study the effects of PAH-like substances on cancer-related genes, specifically proto-oncogene v-Rel (V-Rel Avian Reticuloendotheliosis Viral Oncogene Homolog). The presence of polymorphisms in v-Rel was studied in the previously caught Atlantic menhaden exposed to PAH pollution along the coastline of New Jersey. Analysis of the results indicated that there was no statistical difference in PAH-like compound concentrations or fluorescence patterns of raw fish oils collected before and after Hurricane Sandy. Excitation-Emission Matrix Scanning (EEMS) scans of raw fish oil from catches exposed to high amounts of PAH-like substances showed strong fluorescent signals yet few isomers and high genetic relatedness via gel electrophoresis analysis. EEM scans of raw fish oil with low and decreased fluorescence signals showed prominent bands with extreme variability, resulting in evident polymorphisms. It was found that high PAH concentration samples were associated together with low v-Rel variability and low PAH concentration samples were associated together with high v-Rel variability

Managing Grief: An Analysis of Rene Saklikar\u27s poem un/authorized interjection

This paper examines “un/authorized interjection,” written by Canadian author Renée Saklikar. The poem is part of a compilation titled Children of Air India, which deals primarily with the crash of Air India Flight 182 in 1985. “un/authorized interjection” is the only poem in the anthology that focuses on Inderjit Reyat, the bomber of Flight 182. The poem presents a juxtaposition of Reyat’s childhood and adulthood, which we analyze in the context of the larger narrative of Children of Air India. We argue that the author uses this focus to discuss the consequences of the attack and the extent to which it affected Canada. Aside from causing the suffering of the crash victims and their families, the attack also led to marginalization of the Canadian immigrant community and tarnished the historical reputation of the country as a welcoming, multicultural society. In addition, we also examine how the poem’s focus on Reyat presents a unique opportunity for those individuals especially affected by the event to come to terms with the Air India crash

Feature Paperwork of Feature G1-G5 from Burns (8BR85)

This document contains the field notes taken during excavation of test unit G, pertaining to feature G1-G5. It is a scan of original paper documents generated in the field

Bottle-Feeding Practices During Early Infancy and Eating Behaviors at 6 Years of Age

BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests an association of breastfeeding with a maternal feeding style (MFS) that is less controlling than formula feeding, which, in turn, may improve a child’s self-regulation of eating. This study examines associations of bottle-feeding practices during infancy with MFS and children’s eating behavior (CEB) at 6 years old. METHODS: We linked data from the Infant Feeding Practices Study II to the Year 6 Follow-Up, which include 8 MFS and CEB measures adapted from previous validated instruments. Bottle-feeding practices during the first 6 months estimated by using the Infant Feeding Practices Study II were bottle-feeding intensity (BFI), mother’s encouragement of infant to finish milk in the bottle, and infant finishing all milk in the bottle. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for associations of bottle-feeding practices with MFS and CEB at 6 years old were calculated by using multivariable logistic regressions controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and other feeding practices (N = 1117). RESULTS: Frequent bottle emptying encouraged by mothers during infancy increased odds of mothers encouraging their child to eat all the food on their plate (aOR: 2.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.65–3.41] and making sure their child eats enough (aOR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.14–2.31) and of children eating all the food on their plate at 6 years old (aOR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.05–3.83). High BFI during early infancy also increased the odds of mothers being especially careful to ensure their 6-yearold eats enough. CONCLUSIONS: Bottle-feeding practices during infancy may have longterm effects on MFS and CEB. Frequent bottle emptying encouraged by mothers and/or high BFI during early infancy increased the likelihood of mothers pressuring their 6-year-old child to eat and children’s low satiety responsiveness

The Sustainable Development Goals And Business Students’ Preferences: An Exploratory Study On Changes Pre- And Post-Pandemic

In 2015, the U.N. developed a resolution creating 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with the objective to “stimulate” action towards capacity-building and resiliency. One of the best methods by which societies can gain support for SDG implementation is through higher education, as it represents a primary means by which individuals internalize societal norms, values, and beliefs. This is particularly true for higher education in the field of business, as organizations are intricately involved in resource extraction, supply chain management, and waste generation (amongst other sustainability challenges). The Covid-19 pandemic represents a punctuated equilibrium event, whose disruptions forced institutions and organizations within society to break from their evolutionary stasis, generating rapid adaptations and dynamic responses to ever changing conditions. This study explores pandemic effects on business student SDG preferences pre- and post-pandemic, examining which personal attitudes, values, and behaviors are related to the SDGs, what such preferences could indicate for the SDGs, and what, if any, influence the pandemic may have had on these factors. Survey method was utilized, with a sample of 187 students, and a post-pandemic sample of 126 students. Results of a series of cluster analyses suggest a shift has occurred, most notably in SDG 1: No Poverty, and preferences for working in a green organization, green human resource management, with authoritarianism, individualism/collectivism, religiousness, religious importance, political ideology, and political affiliation