The Relationships Between Earnings Per Share(EPS), Book Value Per Share (BVPS) and Stock Prices Under Both Pre- and Post-FRS Reporting Regimes in Malaysia

The project paper is to examine the relationships between earnings per share(EPS) and book value per share (BVPS) and stock market prices under both preand post-FRS reporting regimes. Value relevance to both EPS and BVPS were separately tested under both financial reporting mechanisms by the price-earnings model. This study finds that positive relationships between value relevance of earnings and both EPS and BVPS,however,is in declining when adopting newly mandated FRS system by Malaysian companies. Coefficient of BVPS is positively increasing over two reporting periods, whereas vice versa for EPS attributable to equity investors are more desirable to measure balance sheet than income statement items. In addition, distinct of value relevance of earnings appears in companies operate in different operation structures or business models because of their business activities deficiencies. Relationships between value relevance of earnings and EPS and BVPS are declining over three consecutive years since FRS reporting regime is adopted, from 2006-2008.The coefficient between EPS and stock market prices is consistently dropping over these three reporting periods, and inversely, coefficient between BVPS and value relevance of earnings is inclining. Thus, this present study concluded that FRS reporting regime is increasingly important in the determination for BVPS (representing balance sheet items) than EPS (representing income statement items) for the investment decision

Bandwidth Management for Intranets Using Multicast Firewalls

Multimedia applications utilizing multicast transmission techniques are becoming prevalent as the number of users and types of applications proliferate. Nonetheless, the deployment of such applications throughout an Intranet is constrained by the lack of multicast capable routers and the inability to protect the network from being swamped by multicast traffi

Bandwidth Management for Intranets Using Multicast Firewalls

Multimedia applications utilizing multicast transmission techniques are becoming prevalent as the number of users and types of applications proliferate. Nonetheless, the deployment of such applications throughout an Intranet is constrained by the lack of multicast capabl e routers and the inability to protect the network from being swamped by multicast traffic. Multicast firewalls are designed to overcome these limitations. The roles of a multicast firewall are to: * Perform multicast packet forwarding in place of tunneling across existing routers for an Intranet * Perform packet replication optimization via multicast group management (multicast spanning tree management) * Perform subnet bandwidth management, by assigning priorities to multicast addresses and filtering (dropping) packets for each group according to specified criteria This paper outlines requirements for multicast firewalls, as well as describes an implementation of a dual-LAN multicast firewall prototype implemented using Linux. Keywords Multicast, Firewall, Bandwidth Management, Intranet, H.323, Multimedia Applications. INTRODUCTION The development of multicasting as the vehicle for multimedia content delivery has resulted in the proliferation of new applications that take advantage of the bandwidth optimizati on of multicast transmission. Nonetheless, enabling such applications to operate in an Intranet environment necessitates the use of multicast capable routers that are still in limited use. Multicast tunneling, while effective, introduces additional bandwid th requirements to support the following environment [2]

In search of a macroeconometric model that is suitable for the Singapore economy

The use of macroeconometric modelling has been of growing importance in Singapore since the last economic recession in 1986. Government institutions have found them useful in policy making and target setting. Businessmen and managers will find macroeconometric modelling useful in time to come, especially when more comprehensive data are available for analysis and reliable forecasting. This academic exercise attempts to examine and compare the two most recent and comprehensible macroeconometric models available, in order to find one that is most suitable for the forecasting, analysis, and understanding by non-academics. In-period and ex-ante analyses are performed to assess the ability of the models to reflect the trend of the Singapore economy. In addition, an attempt is also made to determine the relative usefulness of the variables used by the two models.ACCOUNTANC

Informing Science InSITE - "Where Parallels Intersect" June 2003 Paper Accepted as a Regular Paper

of the size of the company. A good report generation mechanism can increase a company's productivity in terms of effort and time. This is more obvious in some startup companies, which normally use some in- house report generators. Application development could be complex and thus software developers might require substantial efforts in maintaining application program code. In addition, most of the report generators use a different kind of format to store the report model. An application is no longer considered an enterprise- level product if XML is not being used elsewhere. This paper introduces a XMLdriven and Component-based development approach to report generation with the purpose of promoting portability, flexibility and genericity. In this approach, report layout is specified using user-defined XML elements together with querie s that retrieve data from different databases. A report is output as an HTML document, which can be viewed using an Internet browser. This paper presents the approach using an example and discusses the usage of the XML-driven report schema and how the proposed reusable report engine of a customisable report generator component system works to output an HTML report format. The customisable report generator component system is implemented to support heterogeneous database models

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially