Laparoscopic intervention in emergency surgery.

The article presents the analysis of the effectiveness of video-laparoscopic ope­rations in patients with emergency surgical pathology of the abdominal organs based on the experience of per­forming 5541 interventions at the clinical bases of the Department of Thoracoabdominal Surgery and the Department of Endoscopy and Surgery of the KhMAPE. The advantages of these interventions in comparison with open laparotomies are shown, the indications for their implementation at the present stage are evaluated

Evidence for Narrow N*(1685) Resonance in Quasifree Compton Scattering on the Neutron

The first study of quasi-free Compton scattering on the neutron in the energy range of $E_{\gamma}=0.75 - 1.5$ GeV is presented. The data reveals a narrow peak at $W\sim 1.685$ GeV. This result, being considered in conjunction with the recent evidence for a narrow structure at $W\sim 1.68$GeV in the $\eta$ photoproduction on the neutron, suggests the existence of a new nucleon resonance with unusual properties: the mass $M\sim 1.685$GeV, the narrow width $\Gamma \leq 30$MeV, and the much stronger photoexcitation on the neutron than on the proton.Comment: Replaced with the version published in Phys. Rev.

Features of diagnostics of gastroesophageal and duodenogastric reflux in patients with complicated forms of peptic ulcer.

Purpose – to improve the results of surgical treatment of duodenal ulcer due to preoperative diagnosis of concomitant reflux disease and its correction. Before surgery, 46 patients with complicated forms of peptic  ulcer disease underwent pH monitoring and 23 – impedance-pH monitoring. Pathological gastroesophageal reflux was found in 58 cases. Before surgery, esophageal pH monitoring was performed in 46 patients with complicated forms of peptic ulcer disease. Against the background of hyper – and normacidity of the stomach in 39 patients pathological acidic gastroesophageal reflux disease with a significant increase of De Meester index was confirmed. Impedance-pH monitoring was performed before surgery in 23 patients with complicated forms of peptic ulcer and concomitant gastroesophageal reflux. Erosive form of gastroesophageal reflux disease was confirmed endoscopically in all patients with hyperacidity (17) and normal acidity (6) of the stomach. In 19 cases pathological gastroesophageal reflux disease was found. In 13 cases the cause of disorders in anti-reflux barrier was a diaphragmatic hernia of I-II degree. Gastroesophageal reflux disease was caused by increased intragastric pressure due to ulcer stenosis in 6 patients. pH- monitoring in patients with acidic gastroesophageal reflux allows to establish a pathological or physiological reflux. Conducting impedance-pH monitoring allows to determine the number of reflux episodes and their qualitative characteristics (acidic or alkaline; liquid, gas or mixed), as well as to determine the indications for a differentiated approach in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux

THE REDOX FEATURES OF COMPLEX FORMATION REACTIONS OF Hg(II), Ce(IV), Se(VI), Cr(VI), Mn(VII), V(V) WITH CARMOISINE

The activating effect of Mn(VII) ions on V(V), Se(VI) and Cr(VI) complexing ability with carmoisine was established with pH values that are typical of each ion separately, that allow to determinate them without heating of reaction mixture. It is shown that values of the chemical system redox potential and the medium acidity, which are optimal for each of the investigated metal ions, are critical and important factors that influence complex formation in the systems "M1-M2-CAN"

ACID-BASE PROPERTIES OF AMINOMETHANESULPHONIC ACID N-n-PROPYL, N-n-BUTYL AND N-n-HEPTYL DERIVATIVES

Acid-base properties of aminomethanesulfonic acid N-n-propyl (n-PrAMSA), N-n-butyl (n-BuAMSA) and N-n-heptyl (n-HpAMSA) derivatives (YAMSA) in aqueous solutions at 293 – 313 K were investigated by pH measurements. The ion-molecular composition of the Y+NH2CH2SO2O- – YNHCH2SO2O- – H2O systems, dissociation concentration constants of the second dissociation step for n-PrAMSA, n-BuAMSA and n-HpAMSA (at the isoelectric point where the ionic strength is 4,94 ∙ 10–4 М) were calculated and temperature dependences of the ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS цуre determined at 293–313 K. It was shown the indicated YAMSA in aqueous solutions to exist at a ratio CNaOH/QYAMSA Textr. – exothermic. For the dissociation process of investigated acids, enthalpy-entropic compensation was noted with the «isothermodynamic temperature» 303 K

THE YELLOWNESS INDEX USE FOR THE ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIUM STUDY IN XYLENOL ORANGE AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

The possibility of the yellowness index use for the acid-base equilibrium study and ionization constants determination in dyes solutions is studied. It is shown that the yellowness index is suitable for the set task. Its use enables a more reasonable mathematical apparatus algorithmization, automation, simplification and in comparison with the existing approaches of the chemical chromaticity method and classical physico-chemical methods

БУФЕРНІ РОЗЧИНИ НА ОСНОВІ ГЛІЦИНУ

The acid-base interaction in the Gly-NaOH-H2O and Gly-monoethanolamine (MEA) – H2O systems was studied by pH-metric method in the temperature range 293-313 K. The ionmolecular composition of the Gly-NaOH-H2O system was calculated, the dissociation concentration constants for the second stage of the Gly at the isoelectric point, and the temperature dependences of ΔG, ΔH and ΔS of the indicated process at the isoelectrical point (μ= 4.94 ∙ 10-3 M) in the 293-313 K region were determined. It is shown Gly in aqueous solutions to exist at the ratio CNaOH / QGly <0.5 mainly in the zwitterion form. The content of the NH2CH2COO- anion is directly proportional to the CNaOH/QGly ratio. According to the calculated data, the functional dependence ΔG = f (T) for Gly passes through a maximum at Textr. ≈292 K. The Gly dissociation process in the isoelectric point is endothermic in the temperature range 293 – 313 K. Enthalpy-entropy compensation is noted, for which the isothermodynamic temperature is 303 K, and the free term is 56.8 kJ/mol. The pH limits of the buffer action are determined and the buffer capacity of these systems is estimated. It has been established that effective buffer zones of aqueous solutions of Gly allow to maintain acidity in the physiological pH range and temperature range 308 – 313 K. It is shown that the buffer capacity of the Gly-NaOH-H2O and Gly-MEA-H2O systems can be varied within the limits 1∙10-3 - 4∙10-2 М and 5∙10-4 - 5∙10-2 М, respectively, changing the ratio CNaOH/QGly (CNaOH/QMEA) and temperature. The obtained data on the buffer capacity of the Gly-NaOH-H2O and Gly-MEA-H2O systems can be used in chemical analysis, microbiological and biochemical studies, and the acidity data of the solutions studied can simulate for the chemisorption of acid gases (CO2 and SO2).Здійснено рН-метричне дослідження кислотно-основної взаємодії в системах гліцин – NaOH – H2O та гліцин – моноетаноламін – H2O в температурому інтервалі 293 – 313 К. Розраховані концентраційні константи дисоціації за другим ступенем амінометанкарбонової кислоти (Gly) в ізоелектричній точці та визначені температурні залежності ΔG, ΔH та ΔS вказаного процесу в ізоелектричній точці (μ = 4,94·10-3 M) в області 293 – 313 К. Відзначено ентальпійно-ентропійну компенсацію, для якої ізотермодинамічна температура дорівнює 303 К. Визначено границі рН буферної дії та зроблено оцінку буферної ємності вказаних систем. Встановлено, що зони ефективної буферної дії водних розчинів Gly дозволяють підтримувати кислотність в області фізіологічних значень рН та інтервалі температур 308–313 К

Direct atomic absorption spectrometry determination of arsenic, cadmium, copper, manganese, lead and zinc in vegetable oil and fat samples with graphite filter furnace atomizer

The article presents the results of optimization of operation parameters, investigation of analytical characteristics and the abilities of a graphite filter-furnace (FF) atomizer for the direct electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy (ET AAS) determination of trace amounts of Mn, As, Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn in some vegetable oils and fats. The effect of pyrolysis and atomization temperatures of the graphite FF atomizer on atomic absorbance values of the listed elements at their evaporation from some organic solutions in the presence of a Pd-Mg chemical modifier (CM) was investigated. For the ET AAS determination of As, Pb, Cd and Zn with Pd-Mg CM, the temperature of the graphite FF atomizer for the pyrolysis step can be raised by 250-350 degrees C. This mode allows to eliminate the background absorption, to increase the sensitivity of the elements to be analyzed and to enhance the total content of vegetable oils or fats in organic solutions up to 0.5 g mL(-1). The obtained limits of quantification for Mn, As, Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn were 0.002, 0.004, 0.004, 0.002, 0.0008, 0.0004 mg kg(-1), respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) varied between similar to 3 and 8% and the time of one element determination did not exceed similar to 3-5 min. The reliability of the proposed method was checked using the reference method. A paired Student's t-test showed no significant difference between the results obtained by both methods on a 95% confidence level

ANTIOXIDATIVE ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS FROM PLANTS

The antioxidative activity of extracts from plants with hepatoprotective properties have been investigated. Make a comparative evaluation between the content of flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds in the extracts and their antioxidant activity

КИСЛОТНО-ОСНОВНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ N-н-ПРОПІЛ, N-н-БУТИЛ ТА N-н-ГЕПТИЛ ПОХІДНИХ АМІНОМЕТАНСУЛЬФОКИСЛОТИ

Acid-base properties of aminomethanesulfonic acid N-n-propyl (n-PrAMSA), N-n-butyl (n-BuAMSA) and N-n-heptyl (n-HpAMSA) derivatives (YAMSA) in aqueous solutions at 293 – 313 K were investigated by pH measurements. The ion-molecular composition of the Y+NH2CH2SO2O- – YNHCH2SO2O- – H2O systems, dissociation concentration constants of the second dissociation step for n-PrAMSA, n-BuAMSA and n-HpAMSA (at the isoelectric point where the ionic strength is 4,94 ∙ 10–4 М) were calculated and temperature dependences of the ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS цуre determined at 293–313 K. It was shown the indicated YAMSA in aqueous solutions to exist at a ratio CNaOH/QYAMSA < 0,5, mainly in the zwitter ions form; the content of anions YNHCH2SO2O- was directly proportional to the ratio CNaOH/QYAMSA. The indicated acids lipophilicity was evaluated by the QSAR method. The correlations between experimental results and quantum-chemical calculations data were revealed. In the case of amines, for which the empirical function combining their basicity and lipophilicity (pKa +lgPow) was less than 11,08, with the increase in their pKa, the strength of the corresponding acids (pKYAMSA) decreased. The buffer action pH limits of their aqueous solutions at 298 K were determined; it was shown that using n-PrAMSA, n-BuAMSA and n-HpAMSA can maintain the acidity of the medium in the range of physiological pH values (6,8 ÷ 7,8). It is shown the enhancement of the electron-acceptor properties of the N-substituent to lead to a decrease of the temperature influence on the dissociation thermodynamic functions values of aminomethanesulfonic acids synthesized from amines, for which рKа + lgPow ≤ 11,08. With increasing of temperature, the ΔH and ΔS values of n-PrAMSA and n-BuAMSA dissociation decreased, and n-HpAMSA – on the contrary, increased, and for n-PrAMSA and n-BuAMSA at T < Textr. the reaction was endothermic, and at T > Textr. – exothermic. For the dissociation process of investigated acids, enthalpy-entropic compensation was noted with the «isothermodynamic temperature» 303 K.Здійснено рН-метричне дослідження кислотно-основних властивостей N-н-пропіл (n-PrAMSA), N-н-бутил (n-BuAMSA) та N-н-гептил (n-HpAMSA) похідних амінометансульфокислоти (YAMSA) у водних розчинах в області 293 – 313 K. Розраховано іон-молекулярний склад систем YN+ H2CH2SO2O- – YNHCH2SO2O- – H2O, концентраційні константи дисоціації за другим ступенем n-PrAMSA, n-BuAMSA і n-HpAMSA (в ізоелектричній точці при іонній силі 4,94∙10-4 М) та визначені температурні залежності ΔG, ΔH та ΔS в інтервалі температур 293 – 313 К. Показано, що зазначені YAMSA у водних розчинах існують при співвідношенні CNaOH/QYAMSA < 0,5 переважно у вигляді цвиттер-іонів; вміст аніонів YNHCH2SO2O- прямо пропорційний співвідношенню CNaOH/QYAMSA. Методом QSAR оцінена липофільність зазначених кислот. Виявлено кореляції між результатами експериментів і даних квантово-хімічних розрахунків. У випадку амінів, для котрих емпирична функція, що поєднує їхні основність та ліпофільність (рKа + lgPow) ≤ 11,08, з підвищенням їхнього pK aсила відповідних їм кислот (pKYAМSA ) понижується. Визначено межі рН буферної дії їхніх водних розчинів при 298 К; показано, що за допо- могою n-PrAMSA, n-BuAMSA і n-HpAMSA можна підтримувати кислотність середовища в області фізіологічних значень рН (6,8 ÷ 7,8). Показано, що посилення електроноакцепторних властивостей N-замісника призводить до зниження впливу температури на значення термодинамічних функцій дисоціації амінометансульфокислот, синтезованих з амінів, для котрих рKа + lgPow ≤ 11,08. Із зростанням температури значення ΔH і ΔS дисоціації n-PrAMSA та n-BuAMSA знижуються, а n-HpAMSA – навпаки, підвищуються, причому для n-PrAMSA та n-BuAMSA при T < Tекстр. реакція є ендотермічною, а при T > Tекстр. – екзотермічною. Для процесу дисоціації досліджених кислот відзначена ентальпійно-ентропійна компенсація з «ізотермодинамічною температурою» 303 К